grep, sed, awk命令的练习

文件:datafile

Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900

一、grep命令练习
1. 显示所有包含San的行
grep San datafile
2.显示所有以J开始的人名所在的行
grep "^J" datafile
3.显示所有以700结尾的行
grep "700$" datafile
4.显示所有不包括834的行
grep -v "834" datafile
5.显示所有生日在December的行
grep [:::]12[:/:] datafile 或者 grep '\:12\/'datafile
6.显示所有电话号码的区号为498的行
grep '\:486\' datafile
7.显示所有这样的行:它包含一个大写字母,后跟四个小写字母,一个冒号,一个空格,和一个大写字母
grep [A-Z][a-z][a-z][a-z][a-z][:::][[:space:]][A-Z] datafile
8.显示姓以K或k开头的行
grep -i [a-z][[:blank:]]k datafile
9.显示工资为六位数的行,并在前面加行号
grep -n '([1-9]\{6,\}$'
10.显示包括Lincoln或lincoln的行,并且grep对大小写不敏感.
grep -i 'lincoln' datafile
二．sed命令大练习
1.把Jon的名字改成Jonathan.
sed -e 's/Jon/Jonathan/ datafile
2.删除头三行
sed -e '1,3d' datafile
3.显示5-10行
sed -n '5,10p' datafile
4.删除包含Lane的行.
sed -e '/Lane/d' datafile
5.显示所有生日在November-December之间的行
sed -n '/[:::]1[1-2][:/:]/p' datafile
6.把三个星号(***)添加到以Fred开头的行
sed -e 's/^Fred/***Fred/' datafile
7.用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行
sed -e 's/^Jose.*/JOSE HAS RETIRE/g' datafile
8.把Popeye的生日改成11/14/46
cat datafile | grep Popeye | sed -e 's/3\/19\/35/11\/14\/46/'
9.删除所有空白行
sed -e '/^$/d' datafile
10.写一个脚本,将:
.在第一行之前插入标题PERSONNEL FILE.
.删除以500结尾的工资
.显示文件内容,把姓和名颠倒
.在文件末尾添加THE END

创建sed脚本步骤:
1,建立一个脚本
如:

代码:
avalee//home/javalee/x>cat sedfile
#this is sedfile
1i\
this is example
$ a\
end

2.用sed -f 执行sedfile脚本

代码:
javalee//home/javalee/x>sed -f sedfile datafile
this is example
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
....
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
end

三.awk命令大练习
文件:datafile
Mike Harrington:[510] 548-1278:250:100:175
Christian Dobbins:[408] 538-2358:155:90:201
Susan Dalsass:[206] 654-6279:250:60:50
Archie McNichol:[206] 548-1348:250:100:175
Jody Savage:[206] 548-1278:15:188:150
Guy Quigley:[916] 343-6410:250:100:175
Dan Savage:[406] 298-7744:450:300:275
Nancy McNeil:[206] 548-1278:250:80:75
John Goldenrod:[916] 348-4278:250:100:175
Chet Main:[510] 548-5258:50:95:135
Tom Savage:[408] 926-3456:250:168:200
Elizabeth Stachelin:[916] 440-1763:175:75:300

上面的数据库中包含名字,电话号码和过去三个月里的捐款
1.显示所有电话号码
awk -F ":" '{print $2}' datafile
2.显示Dan的电话号码
awk -F ":" '/^Dan/{print $2}' datafile
3.显示Susan的名字和电话号码
awk -F ":" '/^Susan/{print $1,$2}' datafile
4.显示所有以D开头的姓
awk -F ":" '{print $1}' datafile | awk '{print $2}'|awk '/^D/'
5.显示所有以一个C或E开头的名
awk -F ":" '{print $1}' datafile | awk '{print $1}'|awk '/^[CE]/'
6.显示所有只有四个字符的名
awk -F ":" '{print $1}' datafile | awk '{if(length($1)==4)print $1}'
7.显示所有区号为916的人名
awk -F ":" '/\[916\]/{print $1}' datafile
8.显示Mike的捐款.显示每个值时都有以$开头.如$250$100$175
awk -F ":" '/^Mike/{print "$"$3"$"$4"$"$5}' datafile
9.显示姓,其后跟一个逗号和名,如Jody,Savage
awk -F ":" '{print $1}' datafile | awk '{print $2,",",$1}'
10.写一个awk的脚本,它的作用:
.显示Savage的全名和电话号码
.显示Chet的捐款
.显示所有头一个月捐款$250的人名.
注:区号本来是圆括号表示的。
脚本如下：
#!/bing/awk -f
BEGIN{FS=":"}
{if($1 ~/Savage/) print $1":"$2}
{if($1}~/^Chet/) print "$"$3":$"$4":$"$5}
{if($3==250) print $1}