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分类: Python/Ruby

2019-03-16 13:55:14

python的getattr 用于normal attribute lookup fails的情况, 例如某 attribute不存在
而getattribute 会拦截所有的atttribute lookup 操作,不论这个attribute 存在与否

代码更清楚

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  1. class P:
  2.     x = 'a'
  3.     def __init__(self,n=0):
  4.         self.n = n

  5.     def __getattr__(self,name):
  6.         return("__geattr__ will be called when normal attribute get failed")

  7.     '''
  8.     def __getattribute__(self, name):
  9.         return("__getattribute__ will be called always")
  10.     '''

  11. def test_():
  12.     p = P()
  13.     print(p.x)
  14.     print(p.n)
  15.     print(p.__dict__)
  16.     #with parameter, equals p.__dict__
  17.     print(vars(p))
  18.     #searching for a attribute which is not exist
  19.     print(p.f)
  20.     print(getattr(p, 'n'))
  21.     print(getattr(p, 'x'))

  22. test_()


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  1. a
  2. 0
  3. {'n': 0}
  4. {'n': 0}
  5. __geattr__ will be called when normal attribute get failed
  6. 0
  7. a


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  1. class B:
  2.     x = 'ba'
  3.     def __init__(self,n=100):
  4.         self.n = n

  5.     def __getattr__(self,name):
  6.         return("__geattr__ will be called when normal attribute get failed")

  7.     def __getattribute__(self, name):
  8.         return("__getattribute__ will be called always")

  9. def test2_():
  10.     b = B()
  11.     print(b.x)
  12.     print(b.n)
  13.     print(b.__dict__)
  14.     #With parameter, equals to b.__dict__
  15.     print(vars(b))
  16.     #searching for a attribute which is not exist
  17.     print(b.f)
  18.     print(getattr(b, 'n'))
  19.     print(getattr(b, 'x'))

  20. test2_()
运行结果

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  1. __getattribute__ will be called always
  2. __getattribute__ will be called always
  3. __getattribute__ will be called always
  4. __getattribute__ will be called always
  5. __getattribute__ will be called always
  6. __getattribute__ will be called always
  7. __getattribute__ will be called always


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