本例简单实现了解码后的video重新编码264之后在mux成MP4文件的过程,主要是用来记录muxing的方法。
下面详细说一下细节:
大家都知道一般解码出来的数据都是播放顺序,解码器是将编码顺序的数据重新按照解码后的播放顺序输出的。而编码器是把数据根据解码需要的顺序重新排序保存的。
当然,以上情况只在有帧的情况下才有用,否则只有IP帧的话解码和编码的顺序是一样的
比如:解码后的数据是IBBP,那要将这个数据编码的话,编码后的数据保存的格式就是IPBB
这只是内部的处理,对于用ffmpeg的库的我们不用太过关心 ,但是 , 要注意,我们将数据塞给编码器的时候,要给顺序的播放加上顺序的时间标记,其实很简单只要保证你送给编码器的每一frame的pts都是顺序的就可以了,否则编码器会报 “non-strictly-monotonic pts at frame” , 究其原因,是因为编码器需要送进来的frame时间上是递增的,为什么需要这个就得去本研究编码器了
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if( pic.i_pts <= largest_pts )
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{
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if( cli_log_level >= X264_LOG_DEBUG || pts_warning_cnt < MAX_PTS_WARNING )
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x264_cli_log( "x264", X264_LOG_WARNING, "non-strictly-monotonic pts at frame %d (%"PRId64" <= %"PRId64")\n",
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i_frame, pic.i_pts, largest_pts );
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else if( pts_warning_cnt == MAX_PTS_WARNING )
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x264_cli_log( "x264", X264_LOG_WARNING, "too many nonmonotonic pts warnings, suppressing further ones\n" );
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pts_warning_cnt++;
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pic.i_pts = largest_pts + ticks_per_frame;
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}
在将数据送到编码器后,进行编码输出得到的pkt有自己的pts和dts等数据,但是这个数据记得吗?是用我们自己送进去的pts来表示的,所以在和原来的audio mux的时候,会出现严重的音视频不同步,现在想想这个问题,就很容易理解了,两边的pts差距很大,当然解码后做同步的时候会差很多。
其实ffmpeg在解码的时候将解码出来的顺序时间戳给了frame的pkt_pts这个成员,所以我们可以直接用这个值赋值给frame的pts,在送进编码器,这样编码出来的pkt中的时间戳就和原来的audio对上了。
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ret = avcodec_decode_video2(video_dec_ctx, pFrame, &got_picture, pkt);
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if (ret < 0)
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{
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delete pkt;
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return 0;
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}
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pFrame->pts = pFrame->pkt_pts; //赋值解码后的pts
最后在进行mux成mp4文件就ok了
在mux的过程中,有个接口av_rescale_q_rnd,这个是用来换算pts的,因为在设定mp4输出格式的时候time_base这个值是和原来的文件不一样的,所以要用这个来重新算分装数据的在新的mp4中的pts和dts等数据,具体原因后续会继续往里研究
直接上代码:
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const char* SRC_FILE = "1.mkv";
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const char* OUT_FILE = "outfile.h264";
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const char* OUT_FMT_FILE = "outfmtfile.mp4";
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int main()
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{
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av_register_all();
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AVFormatContext* pFormat = NULL;
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if (avformat_open_input(&pFormat, SRC_FILE, NULL, NULL) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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AVCodecContext* video_dec_ctx = NULL;
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AVCodec* video_dec = NULL;
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if (avformat_find_stream_info(pFormat, NULL) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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av_dump_format(pFormat, 0, SRC_FILE, 0);
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video_dec_ctx = pFormat->streams[0]->codec;
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video_dec = avcodec_find_decoder(video_dec_ctx->codec_id);
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if (avcodec_open2(video_dec_ctx, video_dec, NULL) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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AVFormatContext* pOFormat = NULL;
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AVOutputFormat* ofmt = NULL;
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if (avformat_alloc_output_context2(&pOFormat, NULL, NULL, OUT_FILE) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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ofmt = pOFormat->oformat;
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if (avio_open(&(pOFormat->pb), OUT_FILE, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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AVCodecContext *video_enc_ctx = NULL;
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AVCodec *video_enc = NULL;
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video_enc = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
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AVStream *video_st = avformat_new_stream(pOFormat, video_enc);
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if (!video_st)
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return 0;
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video_enc_ctx = video_st->codec;
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video_enc_ctx->width = video_dec_ctx->width;
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video_enc_ctx->height = video_dec_ctx->height;
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video_enc_ctx->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
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video_enc_ctx->time_base.num = 1;
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video_enc_ctx->time_base.den = 25;
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video_enc_ctx->bit_rate = video_dec_ctx->bit_rate;
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video_enc_ctx->gop_size = 250;
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video_enc_ctx->max_b_frames = 10;
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//H264
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//pCodecCtx->me_range = 16;
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//pCodecCtx->max_qdiff = 4;
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video_enc_ctx->qmin = 10;
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video_enc_ctx->qmax = 51;
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if (avcodec_open2(video_enc_ctx, video_enc, NULL) < 0)
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{
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printf("编码器打开失败!\n");
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return 0;
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}
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printf("Output264video Information====================\n");
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av_dump_format(pOFormat, 0, OUT_FILE, 1);
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printf("Output264video Information====================\n");
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//mp4 file
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AVFormatContext* pMp4Format = NULL;
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AVOutputFormat* pMp4OFormat = NULL;
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if (avformat_alloc_output_context2(&pMp4Format, NULL, NULL, OUT_FMT_FILE) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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pMp4OFormat = pMp4Format->oformat;
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if (avio_open(&(pMp4Format->pb), OUT_FMT_FILE, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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for (int i = 0; i < pFormat->nb_streams; i++) {
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AVStream *in_stream = pFormat->streams[i];
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AVStream *out_stream = avformat_new_stream(pMp4Format, in_stream->codec->codec);
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if (!out_stream) {
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return 0;
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}
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int ret = 0;
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ret = avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec);
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if (ret < 0) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
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return 0;
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}
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out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
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if (pMp4Format->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
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out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
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}
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av_dump_format(pMp4Format, 0, OUT_FMT_FILE, 1);
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if (avformat_write_header(pMp4Format, NULL) < 0)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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////
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av_opt_set(video_enc_ctx->priv_data, "preset", "superfast", 0);
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av_opt_set(video_enc_ctx->priv_data, "tune", "zerolatency", 0);
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avformat_write_header(pOFormat, NULL);
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AVPacket *pkt = new AVPacket();
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av_init_packet(pkt);
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AVFrame *pFrame = avcodec_alloc_frame();
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int ts = 0;
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while (1)
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{
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if (av_read_frame(pFormat, pkt) < 0)
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{
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avio_close(pOFormat->pb);
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av_write_trailer(pMp4Format);
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avio_close(pMp4Format->pb);
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delete pkt;
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return 0;
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}
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if (pkt->stream_index == 0)
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{
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int got_picture = 0, ret = 0;
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ret = avcodec_decode_video2(video_dec_ctx, pFrame, &got_picture, pkt);
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if (ret < 0)
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{
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delete pkt;
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return 0;
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}
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pFrame->pts = pFrame->pkt_pts;//ts++;
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if (got_picture)
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{
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AVPacket *tmppkt = new AVPacket;
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av_init_packet(tmppkt);
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int size = video_enc_ctx->width*video_enc_ctx->height * 3 / 2;
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char* buf = new char[size];
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memset(buf, 0, size);
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tmppkt->data = (uint8_t*)buf;
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tmppkt->size = size;
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ret = avcodec_encode_video2(video_enc_ctx, tmppkt, pFrame, &got_picture);
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if (ret < 0)
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{
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avio_close(pOFormat->pb);
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delete buf;
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return 0;
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}
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if (got_picture)
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{
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//ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(pOFormat, tmppkt);
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AVStream *in_stream = pFormat->streams[pkt->stream_index];
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AVStream *out_stream = pMp4Format->streams[pkt->stream_index];
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tmppkt->pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(tmppkt->pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF);
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tmppkt->dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(tmppkt->dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF);
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tmppkt->duration = av_rescale_q(tmppkt->duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
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tmppkt->pos = -1;
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ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(pMp4Format, tmppkt);
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if (ret < 0)
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return 0;
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delete tmppkt;
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delete buf;
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}
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}
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//avcodec_free_frame(&pFrame);
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}
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else if (pkt->stream_index == 1)
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{
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AVStream *in_stream = pFormat->streams[pkt->stream_index];
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AVStream *out_stream = pMp4Format->streams[pkt->stream_index];
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pkt->pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF);
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pkt->dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF);
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pkt->duration = av_rescale_q(pkt->duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
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pkt->pos = -1;
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if (av_interleaved_write_frame(pMp4Format, pkt) < 0)
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return 0;
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}
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}
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avcodec_free_frame(&pFrame);
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return 0;
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}
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