linux下和云端通讯的例程, ubuntu和openwrt实验成功(一)

前言: 为了防止再次被管理员误当成广告而被删除, 特以2个目前比较著名的网站举例

以下代码都已实验成功, 具体结果可在相关网站查看
http://www.yeelink.net/devices/4420


一.  HTTP请求的数据流总结
#上传数据, yeelink的数据流如下
POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
Host: api.yeelink.net
U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

{"timestamp":"2013-07-23T06:04:15","value":21.9}


#上传数据, lewer50的数据流如下
POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
Host:
userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

[{"Name":"T1","Value":"24.02"}]


三. 代码如下, 公用的 http_clound.h

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
云端查询: http://www.yeelink.net/devices/4420, http://www.lewei50.com/u/g/2375

#调用例程
float current_temp = 24.02;
yeelink_create_data(YEELINK_DEVICE_ID, YEELINK_SENSOR_ID, current_temp);
lewei50_create_data(LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID, current_temp);

linux下三种方法和云端通讯:
1. 纯利用linux的网络函数
2. 利用libcurl的发送和接收函数
3. 利用libcurl的回调机制

#上传数据, yeelink的字符流如下
POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
Host: api.yeelink.net
U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

{"timestamp":"2013-07-23T06:04:15","value":21.9}

#上传数据, lewer50的字符流如下
POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
Host: www.lewei50.com
userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

[{"Name":"T1","Value":"24.02"}]

lewei50 ret = {"Successful":true,"Message":"Warning: T1\u0027s frequency limit is 10s; "}

V1.0 2013-11-5 初步实现了上面三种方法的Demo.
    错误: bfe06000-bfe1b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack], 修改: char pc_ret[200] -> char pc_ret[500]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#ifndef HTTP_CLOUD_H
#define HTTP_CLOUD_H

//有replace的地方换成自己的参数
#define YEELINK (1)    //www.yeelink.net
#define LEWEI50 (1)    //www.lewei50.com

#if (YEELINK == 1)
    #define YEELINK_URL            ""
    #define YEELINK_HOST        "api.yeelink.net"        //网址, 由此获得公网IP
    #define YEELINK_PORT        80
    #define YEELINK_API_KEY "729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4" //replace your yeelink api key here.
    #define YEELINK_DEVICE_ID                4420 //replace your device ID
    #define YEELINK_SENSOR_ID                9089 //replace your sensor ID
#endif

#if (LEWEI50 == 1)
    #define LEWEI50_GATEWAY     01        //网关号
    #define LEWEI50_URL             "http:///api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01"
    #define LEWEI50_HOST            ""        //网址, 由此获得公网IP
    #define LEWEI50_PORT            80
    #define LEWEI50_HOST_FILE    "api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01"
    #define LEWEI50_USER_KEY     "36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237"    //replace your lewei50 key here.
    #define LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID "T1"                                                                //replace your device ID
#endif

#define DATA_CREATE     (0)    //创建数据点
#define DATA_MODIFY     (1)    //修改数据点
#define DATA_QUERY         (2)    //查询数据点

#define HTTP_GET "GET"
#define HTTP_PUT "PUT"
#define HTTP_HEAD "HEAD"
#define HTTP_POST "POST"
#define HTTP_DELETE "DELETE"

#define MAX_SEND_BUFFER_SIZE            (2 * 1024 * 1024)
#define MAX_RECV_BUFFER_SIZE            (2 * 1024 * 1024)
#define MAX_HEADER_BUFFER_SIZE        (128 * 1024)

//http请求与接受的buffer总体结构

//param_buffer_t中buffer的内容
typedef struct {
    char *ptr; /**< 缓冲区首指针 */
    FILE *fp; /**< 文件指针 */
    unsigned int left; /** 缓冲区剩余大小 */
    unsigned int allocated; /** 缓冲区总大小 */
    unsigned short code; /**返回码 */
} param_buffer_t;

typedef struct {
    param_buffer_t *send_buffer; /**< send buffer */
    param_buffer_t *recv_buffer; /**< receive buffer */
    param_buffer_t *header_buffer; /**< header buffer */
} curl_request_param_t;

extern int yeelink_create_data(const int device_id, const int sensor_id, const float device_value);
extern int lewei50_create_data(const char *device_id, const float device_value);

#endif

纯利用linux的网络函数实现的代码如下

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
直接利用linux的内部函数实现云端通讯, 另外可以利用libcurl的API.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "../http_cloud.h"

#define DBG printf

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void get_local_time(char *pc_str)
{
    time_t now;
    struct tm *timenow;

    assert(pc_str != NULL);
    time(&now);
    timenow = localtime(&now);
    sprintf(pc_str, "%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d", timenow->tm_year+1900, timenow->tm_mon+1, timenow->tm_mday,
                    timenow->tm_hour, timenow->tm_min, timenow->tm_sec);
}

//连接云端: host_addr:网址(如api.yeelink.net), portno:端口号(一般为80), request: 完整的请求
//返回参数: \r\n\r\n之后的数据, 一般为有效数据, 如{"Successful":true,"Message":"Successful. "}
static char connect_cloud(char *pc_ret, const char *host_addr, const int portno, const char *request)
{
    int sockfd = 0;
    char buffer[1024] = "";
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    struct hostent *host;
    //int portno = 80;    //默认端口
    int nbytes = 0;
    //char host_addr[256] = "";
    //char host_file[1024] = "";
    char pc_tmp[1024] = "";
    int send = 0, totalsend = 0;
    int i = 0, iLen = 0, iRet = 0, iPos = 0, mark_num;

    assert((pc_ret != NULL) && (host_addr != NULL) && (request != NULL));

    //由host_addr取得主机IP地址
  if((host = gethostbyname(host_addr)) == NULL) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Gethostname   error,   %s\n ", strerror(errno));
      exit(1);
  }

  //客户程序开始建立sockfd描述符,建立SOCKET连接
  if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Socket   Error:%s\a\n ",strerror(errno));
      exit(1);
  }

  //客户程序填充服务端的资料
  bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
  server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  server_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
  server_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr*)host->h_addr);
  //DBG("server_addr.sin_addr = %08X\n", server_addr.sin_addr);    //server_addr.sin_addr = CB3888CA

  //客户程序发起连接请求, 连接网站
  if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Connect   Error:%s\a\n ",strerror(errno));
      exit(1);
  }

  //发送http请求request
  send = 0;
    totalsend = 0;
  nbytes = strlen(request);
  while(totalsend < nbytes)
  {
    send = write(sockfd, request+totalsend, nbytes-totalsend);
    if(send == -1) {
            DBG( "send error!%s\n ", strerror(errno));
            exit(0);
        }
    totalsend += send;
    //DBG("%d bytes send OK!\n ", totalsend);
  }

  //DBG( "\nThe following is the response header:\n");
  i = 0;
  mark_num = 4;        //正常=4,
  //连接成功了,接收http响应
  while((nbytes = read(sockfd, buffer, 1)) == 1)
  {
    //DBG("%c", buffer[0]);
    if(i < mark_num) {
        if(buffer[0] == '\r' || buffer[0] == '\n') {
                i++;
                //DBG("i = %d, ", i);

                if (iRet == 0) {
                    pc_tmp[iPos] = '\0';
                    if (!strcmp(pc_tmp, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK")) {
                        iRet = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
      else {
                i = 0;    //新行重新计数
                pc_tmp[iPos++] = buffer[0];
            }
    }
    else {
        pc_ret[iLen++] = buffer[0];    //获取有效数据
    }
  }
  close(sockfd);

  pc_ret[iLen] = '\0';
  DBG("\nret(%d): %s\n", iLen, pc_ret);
  return(iRet);
}

#if (YEELINK == 1)
int yeelink_create_data(const int device_id, const int sensor_id, const float device_value)
{
    char pc_ret[200], request[1024], pc_json[100], pc_time[30], pc_host_file[100], pc_header[100], ret;
    int len;

    sprintf(pc_host_file, "v1.0/device/%d/sensor/%d/datapoints", device_id, sensor_id);
    sprintf(pc_header, "U-ApiKey: %s", YEELINK_API_KEY);

    get_local_time(pc_time);
    sprintf(pc_json, "{\"timestamp\":\"%s\",\"value\":%.2f}", pc_time, device_value);
    len = strlen(pc_json);

    sprintf(request, "POST /%s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nAccept: */*\r\n%s\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n%s\r\n",
        pc_host_file, YEELINK_HOST, pc_header, len, pc_json);
    DBG("request = %s\n", request);

    ret = connect_cloud(pc_ret, YEELINK_HOST, YEELINK_PORT, request);

    return(ret);
}
#endif

#if (LEWEI50 == 1)
//curl --request POST http://www.lewei50.com/api/V1/Gateway/UpdateSensors/01 --data "[{\"Name\":\"T1\",\"Value\":\"23.08\"}]" --header "userkey:36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237"
int lewei50_create_data(const char *device_id, const float device_value)
{
    char pc_ret[200], request[1024], pc_json[100], pc_header[100], ret;
    int len;

    assert(device_id != NULL);

    sprintf(pc_header, "userkey: %s", LEWEI50_USER_KEY);
    sprintf(pc_json, "[{\"Name\":\"%s\",\"Value\":\"%.2f\"}]", device_id, device_value);
    len = strlen(pc_json);

    sprintf(request, "POST /%s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nAccept: */*\r\n%s\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n%s\r\n",
        LEWEI50_HOST_FILE, LEWEI50_HOST, pc_header, len, pc_json);
    DBG("request = %s\n", request);

    ret = connect_cloud(pc_ret, LEWEI50_HOST, LEWEI50_PORT, request);

    return(ret);
}
#endif

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(void)
{
    float f_value = 15.02;
    int i_tmp;

    time_t t;
  srand((unsigned)time(&t));    //初始化随机种子, 否则随机数不随机

    i_tmp = rand();
    i_tmp -= (i_tmp >> 4 << 4);
  f_value += i_tmp;

#if (YEELINK == 1)
    yeelink_create_data(YEELINK_DEVICE_ID, YEELINK_SENSOR_ID, f_value);
#endif

#if (LEWEI50 == 1)
    lewei50_create_data(LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID, f_value);
#endif

    return 1;
}

四. 编译, Makefile如下,
OPENWRT = 0 时目标文件运行下ubuntu下了. 

OPENWRT = 1

ifeq ($(OPENWRT), 1)
    CC = ~/OpenWrt-SDK-ar71xx-for-linux-i486-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/staging_dir/toolchain-mips_r2_gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/bin/mips-openwrt-linux-gcc
    CFLAGS += -I ~/openwrt-lib/include -L ~/openwrt-lib/lib

else
    CC = gcc
endif

CFLAGS += -Wall -O2
#CFLAGS += -g

#可执行文件名和相关的obj文件
APP_BINARY = http_cloud
SRCS += http_cloud.c
OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)

all: APP_FILE

APP_FILE: $(OBJS)
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJS) -o $(APP_BINARY) $(LFLAGS)

.PHONY: clean
clean:
    @echo "cleanning project"
    $(RM) *.a $(OBJS) *~ *.so *.lo $(APP_BINARY)
    @echo "clean completed"

编译过程:
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ make
gcc -Wall -O2   -c -o http_cloud.o http_cloud.c
gcc -Wall -O2 http_cloud.o -o http_cloud 


运行结果:
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ ./http_cloud
request = POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
Host: api.yeelink.net
Accept: */*
U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

{"timestamp":"2013-11-05T14:32:48","value":16.02}

ret(5): 0


request = POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
Host:
Accept: */*
userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

[{"Name":"T1","Value":"16.02"}]

ret(44): {"Successful":true,"Message":"Successful. "}
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ 

---

这个只是第一部分的实验, 后续的还有利用libcurl库的实现代码.