it
分类: LINUX
2012-07-25 16:21:04
processor :系统中逻辑处理核的编号。对于单核处理器,则课认为是其CPU编号,对于多核处理器则可以是物理核、或者使用超线程技术虚拟的逻辑核
vendor_id :CPU制造商
cpu family :CPU产品系列代号
model :CPU属于其系列中的哪一代的代号
model name:CPU属于的名字及其编号、标称主频
stepping :CPU属于制作更新版本
cpu MHz :CPU的实际使用主频
cache size :CPU二级缓存大小
physical id :单个CPU的标号
siblings :单个CPU逻辑物理核数
core id :当前物理核在其所处CPU中的编号,这个编号不一定连续
cpu cores :该逻辑核所处CPU的物理核数
apicid :用来区分不同逻辑核的编号,系统中每个逻辑核的此编号必然不同,此编号不一定连续
fpu :是否具有浮点运算单元(Floating Point Unit)
fpu_exception :是否支持浮点计算异常
cpuid level :执行cpuid指令前,eax寄存器中的值,根据不同的值cpuid指令会返回不同的内容
wp :表明当前CPU是否在内核态支持对用户空间的写保护(Write Protection)
flags :当前CPU支持的功能
bogomips :在系统内核启动时粗略测算的CPU速度(Million Instructions Per Second)
clflush size :每次刷新缓存的大小单位
cache_alignment :缓存地址对齐单位
address sizes :可访问地址空间位数
power management :对能源管理的支持,有以下几个可选支持功能:
ts: temperature sensor
fid: frequency id control
vid: voltage id control
ttp: thermal trip
tm:
stc:
100mhzsteps:
hwpstate:
CPU信息中flags各项含义:
fpu: Onboard (x87) Floating Point Unit
vme: Virtual Mode Extension
de: Debugging Extensions
pse: Page Size Extensions
tsc: Time Stamp Counter: support for RDTSC and WRTSC instructions
msr: Model-Specific Registers
pae: Physical Address Extensions: ability to access 64GB of memory; only 4GB can be accessed at a time though
mce: Machine Check Architecture
cx8: CMPXCHG8 instruction
apic: Onboard Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
sep: Sysenter/Sy***it Instructions; SYSENTER is used for jumps to kernel memory during system calls, and SY***IT is used for jumps: back to the user code
mtrr: Memory Type Range Registers
pge: Page Global Enable
mca: Machine Check Architecture
cmov: CMOV instruction
pat: Page Attribute Table
pse36: 36-bit Page Size Extensions: allows to map 4 MB pages into the first 64GB RAM, used with PSE.
pn: Processor Serial-Number; only available on Pentium 3
clflush: CLFLUSH instruction
dtes: Debug Trace Store
acpi: ACPI via MSR
mmx: MultiMedia Extension
fxsr: FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions
sse: Streaming SIMD Extensions. Single instruction multiple data. Lets you do a bunch of the same operation on different pieces of input: in a single clock tick.
sse2: Streaming SIMD Extensions-2. More of the same.
selfsnoop: CPU self snoop
acc: Automatic Clock Control
IA64: IA-64 processor Itanium.
ht: HyperThreading. Introduces an imaginary second processor that doesn’t do much but lets you run threads in the same process a bit quicker.
nx: No Execute bit. Prevents arbitrary code running via buffer overflows.
pni: Prescott New Instructions aka. SSE3
vmx: Intel Vanderpool hardware virtualization technology
svm: AMD “Pacifica” hardware virtualization technology
lm: “Long Mode,” which means the chip supports the AMD64 instruction set
tm: “Thermal Monitor” Thermal throttling with IDLE instructions. Usually hardware controlled in response to CPU temperature.
tm2: “Thermal Monitor 2″ Decrease speed by reducing multipler and vcore.
est: “Enhanced SpeedStep”
根据以上内容,我们则可以很方便的知道当前系统关于CPU、CPU的核数、CPU是否启用超线程等信息。
查询系统具有多少个逻辑核:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
查询系统CPU的物理核数:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq
查询系统CPU是否启用超线程:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -e "cpu cores" -e "siblings" | sort | uniq
输出举例:
cpu cores : 6
siblings : 6
如果cpu cores数量和siblings数量一致,则没有启用超线程,否则超线程被启用。
查询系统CPU的个数:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l
查询系统CPU是否支持某项功能,则根以上类似,输出结果进行sort, uniq和grep就可以得到结果。
超线程技术是又INTEL提出来的,它指的是CPU在双核的基础上为其每个核心提供两个线程的运算和处理能力,特别是让你在多任务运行的时候减少等待的时间,给你打个简单的比方,比如说你的CPU的运算能力相当于只有两个车道,在车流量的的时候就会造成堵车的现象,超线程技术在这时为你虚拟的增加了两条通道,相当于四车道,这样至少可以减缓堵车的现象,并且在一般情况下都保证畅通无阻。他不是通过超频来增加功率