1、UNIX Network Programming环境搭建
Unix NetWork Programming――环境搭建（解决unp.h等源码编译问题）
http://blog.csdn.net/a649518776/article/details/6724121
注：按照连接操作即可，编译要加 -lunp 选项
2、用户态和核心态的交换方式
在
linux下，要实现核心态和用户态数据的交互，有多种方式：可以通用socket创建特殊套接字，利用套接字实现数据交互；通过proc文件系统创建文
件来进行数据交互；还可以使用设备文件的方式，访问设备文件会调用设备驱动相应的例程，设备驱动本身就是核心态和用户态的一个接口，Tun/tap驱动就
是利用设备文件实现用户态和核心态的数据交互。
3、与系统错误有关的函数
（1）errno
头文件：#include
函数原型：errno
功能：记录系统的最后一次错误代码
参数：无
返回值：错误代号（整型值）
例子：
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open socket /n");
fprintf(stderr, "errno = %d /n", errno);
fprintf(stderr, "Error description is : %s/n",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
printf("Socket opened successfully /n");
（2）strerror strerror_r
头文件：#include
函数原型：
char *strerror(int errnum);
char *_strerror(const char *strErrMsg);
wchar_t * _wcserror(int errnum);
wchar_t * __wcserror(const wchar_t *strErrMsg);
参数：errnum――错误代码，strErrMsg――用户提供的信息。
返回值：指向错误信息的指针。
例子：同（1）
（3）perror
头文件：#include #include//
函数原型：void perror(const char *s); perror ("open_port");
函数功能：
perror ( )用 来 将 上 一 个 函 数 发 生 错 误 的 原 因 输 出 到 标 准 设备 (stderr) 。参数 s 所指的字符串会先打印出,后面再加上错误原因字符串。此错误原因依照全局变量errno 的值来决定要输出的字符串。
在库函数中有个errno变量，每个errno值对应着以字符串表示的错误类型。当你调用"某些"函数出错时，该函数已经重新设置了errno的值。perror函数只是将你输入的一些信息和现在的errno所对应的错误一起输出。
参数：用户输入的字符串
返回值：无
例子：
if(( sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0)
{
perror("error");
exit(1);
}
else
{
printf("socket created successfully!/n");
printf("socket id:%d/n",sockfd);
printf("remote ip:%s/n",REMOTEIP);
printf("remote port: %d/n/n",REMOTEPORT);
}
总结：貌似perror比较方便
4、memset
头文件：在C中 <memory.h> or 在C++中
函数原型：void *memset(void *s, int ch, size_t n);
函数功能：将s中前n个字节替换为ch并返回s；作用是在一段内存块中填充某个给定的值，它是对较大的结构体或数组进行清零操作的一种最快方法。
注：如果不用memeset清零，可能会出现野值。
5、iwreq结构体
（1）头文件：#include
struct
iwreq { union { char ifrn_name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* if name, e.g. "eth0" */ }
ifr_ifrn; /* Data part */ union { /* Config - generic */ char
name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Name : used to verify the presence of wireless
extensions. * Name of the protocol/provider... */ struct iw_point
essid; /* Extended network name */ struct iw_param nwid; /* network id
(or domain - the cell) */ struct iw_freq freq; /* frequency or channel :
* 0-1000 = channel * > 1000 = frequency in Hz */
struct iw_param sens; /* signal level threshold */ struct iw_param
bitrate; /* default bit rate */ struct iw_param rts; /* RTS threshold
threshold */ struct iw_param frag; /* Fragmentation threshold */
__u32 mode; /* Operation mode */ struct iw_point encoding; /*
Encoding stuff : tokens */ struct iw_param power; /* PM
duration/timeout */ struct sockaddr ap_addr; /* Access point address */
struct iw_point data; /* Other large parameters */ } u;};（2）struct
iw_point{ caddr_t pointer; /* Pointer to the data (in user space) */
__u16 length; /* number of fields or size in bytes */ __u16 flags;
/* Optional params */};struct iw_param{ __s32 value; /* The value of
the parameter itself */ __u8 fixed; /* Hardware should not use auto
select */ __u8 disabled; /* Disable the feature */ __u16 flags; /*
Various specifc flags (if any) */};其中typedef void* caddr_t
即caddr_t是void*型typedef unsigned short __u16 即__u16是unsigned short型(以_t结尾的一般说明是typedef定义后的数据类型，typedef主要解决跨平台编译问题)
6、ifreq
/* Interface request structure used for socket ioctl's. All interface
ioctl's must have parameter definitions which begin with ifr_name.
The remainder may be interface specific. */
struct ifreq
{
# define IFHWADDRLEN 6
# define IFNAMSIZ IF_NAMESIZE
union
{
char ifrn_name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Interface name, e.g. "en0". */
} ifr_ifrn;
union
{
struct sockaddr ifru_addr;
struct sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_broadaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_netmask;
struct sockaddr ifru_hwaddr;
short int ifru_flags;
int ifru_ivalue;
int ifru_mtu;
struct ifmap ifru_map;
char ifru_slave[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Just fits the size */
char ifru_newname[IFNAMSIZ];
__caddr_t ifru_data;
} ifr_ifru;
};
# define ifr_name ifr_ifrn.ifrn_name /* interface name */
# define ifr_hwaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr /* MAC address */
# define ifr_addr ifr_ifru.ifru_addr /* address */
# define ifr_dstaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_dstaddr /* other end of p-p lnk */
# define ifr_broadaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_broadaddr /* broadcast address */
# define ifr_netmask ifr_ifru.ifru_netmask /* interface net mask */
# define ifr_flags ifr_ifru.ifru_flags /* flags */
# define ifr_metric ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue /* metric */
# define ifr_mtu ifr_ifru.ifru_mtu /* mtu */
# define ifr_map ifr_ifru.ifru_map /* device map */
# define ifr_slave ifr_ifru.ifru_slave /* slave device */
# define ifr_data ifr_ifru.ifru_data /* for use by interface */
# define ifr_ifindex ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue /* interface index */
# define ifr_bandwidth ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue /* link bandwidth */
# define ifr_qlen ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue /* queue length */
# define ifr_newname ifr_ifru.ifru_newname /* New name */
# define _IOT_ifreq _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(char),16,0,0)
# define _IOT_ifreq_short _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(short),1,0,0)
# define _IOT_ifreq_int _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(int),1,0,0)
注：其中sockaddr
struct sockaddr {
uint8_t sa_len;
sa_family_t sa_family; /*地址族：AF_XXX*/
char sa_data[14]; /*14字节协议地址*/
}
7、struct union
参考：http://hi.baidu.com/amoyedll/blog/item/900a811f4b515d164034176a.html
（1）
struct
和union都是由多个不同的数据类型成员组成, 但在任何同一时刻, union中只存放了一个被选中的成员,
而struct的所有成员都存在。在struct中，各成员都占有自己的内存空间，它们是同时存在的。一个struct变量的总长度等于所有成员长度之
和。在Union中，所有成员不能同时占用它的内存空间，它们不能同时存在。Union变量的长度等于最长的成员的长度。
（2）对于union的不同成员赋值, 将会对其它成员重写, 原来成员的值就不存在了,而对于struct的不同成员赋值是互不影响的。注：（１）、（２）两点是相通的，即union的成员共用一块内存（该块内存的大小是union成员中占用内存长度最长的），而struct各成员占用自己的内存空间。（3）例子
#include
void main()
{
union{ /*定义一个联合*/
int i;
struct{ /*在联合中定义一个结构*/
char first;
char second;
}half;
}number;
number.i=0x4241; /*联合成员赋值*/
cout<<number.half.first<<number.half.second<<endl;
number.half.first='a'; /*联合中结构成员赋值*/
number.half.second='b';
cout<<hex<<number.i<<endl;
/*每一个变量前都加一个 << hex ,并且int型可以转换，而float、double是转化不了的*/
}
输出结果为:
AB
6261
在这里i 和 half结构是共用内存
number.i=0x4241给i赋值后,内存中以二进制存储0100 0010 0100 0001
按顺序对应到结构中
halt.first=01000010 转换成10进制就是66（字母A的asc码）
halt.second=01000001 转换成10进制是65 （字母B的asc码）
所以输出后就是 AB
8、wireless.h ioctl中有关无线网络的request请求参数
/*
* This file define a set of standard wireless extensions * * Version : 9
16.10.99 * * Authors : Jean Tourrilhes - HPL -
<jt@hpl.hp.com> */#ifndef _LINUX_WIRELESS_H#define
_LINUX_WIRELESS_H/************************** DOCUMENTATION
**************************//* * Basically, the wireless extensions are
for now a set of standard ioctl * call + /proc/net/wireless * * The
entry /proc/net/wireless give statistics and information on the *
driver. * This is better than having each driver having its entry
because * its centralised and we may remove the driver module safely. * *
Ioctl are used to configure the driver and issue commands. This is *
better than command line options of insmod because we may want to *
change dynamically (while the driver is running) some parameters. * *
The ioctl mechanimsm are copied from standard devices ioctl. * We have
the list of command plus a structure descibing the * data exchanged... *
Note that to add these ioctl, I was obliged to modify : *
net/core/dev.c (two place + add include) * net/ipv4/af_inet.c (one place
+ add include) * * /proc/net/wireless is a copy of /proc/net/dev. * We
have a structure for data passed from the driver to /proc/net/wireless *
Too add this, I've modified : * net/core/dev.c (two other places) *
include/linux/netdevice.h (one place) * include/linux/proc_fs.h (one
place) * * Do not add here things that are redundant with other
mechanisms * (drivers init, ifconfig, /proc/net/dev, ...) and with are
not * wireless specific. * * These wireless extensions are not magic :
each driver has to provide * support for them... * * IMPORTANT NOTE : As
everything in the kernel, this is very much a * work in progress.
Contact me if you have ideas of improvements...
*//***************************** INCLUDES
*****************************/#include /* for
"caddr_t" et al */#include /* for "struct
sockaddr" et al */#include /* for IFNAMSIZ and
co... *//**************************** CONSTANTS
****************************//* --------------------------- VERSION
--------------------------- *//* * This constant is used to know the
availability of the wireless * extensions and to know which version of
wireless extensions it is * (there is some stuff that will be added in
the future...) * I just plan to increment with each new version.
*/#define WIRELESS_EXT 9/* * Changes : * * V2 to V3 * -------- * Alan
Cox start some incompatibles changes. I've integrated a bit more. * -
Encryption renamed to Encode to avoid US regulation problems * -
Frequency changed from float to struct to avoid problems on old 386 * *
V3 to V4 * -------- * - Add sensitivity * * V4 to V5 * -------- * -
Missing encoding definitions in range * - Access points stuff * * V5 to
V6 * -------- * - 802.11 support (ESSID ioctls) * * V6 to V7 * -------- *
- define IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE and IW_MAX_AP * * V7 to V8 * -------- * -
Changed my e-mail address * - More 802.11 support (nickname, rate, rts,
frag) * - List index in frequencies * * V8 to V9 * -------- * - Support
for 'mode of operation' (ad-hoc, managed...) * - Support for unicast and
multicast power saving * - Change encoding to support larger tokens
(>64 bits) * - Updated iw_params (disable, flags) and use it for
NWID * - Extracted iw_point from iwreq for clarity *//*
-------------------------- IOCTL LIST -------------------------- *//*
Basic operations */#define SIOCSIWNAME 0x8B00 /* Unused ??? */#define
SIOCGIWNAME 0x8B01 /* get name */#define SIOCSIWNWID 0x8B02 /* set
network id (the cell) */#define SIOCGIWNWID 0x8B03 /* get network id
*/#define SIOCSIWFREQ 0x8B04 /* set channel/frequency */#define
SIOCGIWFREQ 0x8B05 /* get channel/frequency */#define SIOCSIWMODE
0x8B06 /* set operation mode */#define SIOCGIWMODE 0x8B07 /* get
operation mode */#define SIOCSIWSENS 0x8B08 /* set sensitivity
*/#define SIOCGIWSENS 0x8B09 /* get sensitivity *//* Informative stuff
*/#define SIOCSIWRANGE 0x8B0A /* Unused ??? */#define SIOCGIWRANGE
0x8B0B /* Get range of parameters */#define SIOCSIWPRIV 0x8B0C /*
Unused ??? */#define SIOCGIWPRIV 0x8B0D /* get private ioctl interface
info *//* Mobile IP support */#define SIOCSIWSPY 0x8B10 /* set spy
addresses */#define SIOCGIWSPY 0x8B11 /* get spy info (quality of link)
*//* Access Point manipulation */#define SIOCSIWAP 0x8B14 /* set
access point MAC addresses */#define SIOCGIWAP 0x8B15 /* get access
point MAC addresses */#define SIOCGIWAPLIST 0x8B17 /* get list of
access point in range *//* 802.11 specific support */#define
SIOCSIWESSID 0x8B1A /* set ESSID (network name) */#define SIOCGIWESSID
0x8B1B /* get ESSID */#define SIOCSIWNICKN 0x8B1C /* set node
name/nickname */#define SIOCGIWNICKN 0x8B1D /* get node name/nickname
*//* As the ESSID and NICKN are strings up to 32 bytes long, it doesn't
fit * within the 'iwreq' structure, so we need to use the 'data' member
to * point to a string in user space, like it is done for RANGE... * The
"flags" member indicate if the ESSID is active or not (promiscuous).
*//* Other parameters usefull in 802.11 and some other devices */#define
SIOCSIWRATE 0x8B20 /* set default bit rate (bps) */#define SIOCGIWRATE
0x8B21 /* get default bit rate (bps) */#define SIOCSIWRTS 0x8B22 /*
set RTS/CTS threshold (bytes) */#define SIOCGIWRTS 0x8B23 /* get
RTS/CTS threshold (bytes) */#define SIOCSIWFRAG 0x8B24 /* set
fragmentation thr (bytes) */#define SIOCGIWFRAG 0x8B25 /* get
fragmentation thr (bytes) *//* Encoding stuff (scrambling, hardware
security, WEP...) */#define SIOCSIWENCODE 0x8B2A /* set encoding token
& mode */#define SIOCGIWENCODE 0x8B2B /* get encoding token &
mode *//* Power saving stuff (power management, unicast and multicast)
*/#define SIOCSIWPOWER 0x8B2C /* set Power Management settings
*/#define SIOCGIWPOWER 0x8B2D /* get Power Management settings *//* Get
statistics */#define SIOCGIWSTAT 0x8B2E /* get an struct iw_statistics
*//* ------------------------- IOCTL STUFF -------------------------
*//* The first and the last (range) */#define SIOCIWFIRST 0x8B00#define
SIOCIWLAST 0x8B30/* Even : get (world access), odd : set (root access)
*/#define IW_IS_SET(cmd) (!((cmd) & 0x1))#define IW_IS_GET(cmd)
((cmd) & 0x1)/* ------------------------- PRIVATE INFO
------------------------- *//* * The following is used with SIOCGIWPRIV.
It allow a driver to define * the interface (name, type of data) for
its private ioctl. * Privates ioctl are SIOCDEVPRIVATE ->
SIOCDEVPRIVATE + 0xF */#define IW_PRIV_TYPE_MASK 0x7000 /* Type of
arguments */#define IW_PRIV_TYPE_NONE 0x0000#define IW_PRIV_TYPE_BYTE
0x1000 /* Char as number */#define IW_PRIV_TYPE_CHAR 0x2000 /* Char as
character */#define IW_PRIV_TYPE_INT 0x4000 /* 32 bits int */#define
IW_PRIV_TYPE_FLOAT 0x5000#define IW_PRIV_SIZE_FIXED 0x0800 /* Variable
or fixed nuber of args */#define IW_PRIV_SIZE_MASK 0x07FF /* Max number
of those args *//* * Note : if the number of args is fixed and the size
< 16 octets, * instead of passing a pointer we will put args in the
iwreq struct... *//* ----------------------- OTHER CONSTANTS
----------------------- *//* Maximum frequencies in the range struct
*/#define IW_MAX_FREQUENCIES 16/* Note : if you have something like 80
frequencies, * don't increase this constant and don't fill the frequency
list. * The user will be able to set by channel anyway... *//* Maximum
bit rates in the range struct */#define IW_MAX_BITRATES 8/* Maximum of
address that you may set with SPY */#define IW_MAX_SPY 8/* Maximum of
address that you may get in the list of access points in range
*/#define IW_MAX_AP 8/* Maximum size of the ESSID and NICKN strings
*/#define IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE 32/* Modes of operation */#define
IW_MODE_AUTO 0 /* Let the driver decides */#define IW_MODE_ADHOC 1 /*
Single cell network */#define IW_MODE_INFRA 2 /* Multi cell network,
roaming, ... */#define IW_MODE_MASTER 3 /* Synchronisation master or
Access Point */#define IW_MODE_REPEAT 4 /* Wireless Repeater (forwarder)
*/#define IW_MODE_SECOND 5 /* Secondary master/repeater (backup) *//*
Maximum number of size of encoding token available * they are listed in
the range structure */#define IW_MAX_ENCODING_SIZES 8/* Maximum size of
the encoding token in bytes */#define IW_ENCODING_TOKEN_MAX 32 /* 256
bits (for now) *//* Flags for encoding (along with the token) */#define
IW_ENCODE_INDEX 0x00FF /* Token index (if needed) */#define
IW_ENCODE_FLAGS 0xF000 /* Flags defined below */#define
IW_ENCODE_DISABLED 0x8000 /* Encoding disabled */#define
IW_ENCODE_ENABLED 0x0000 /* Encoding enabled */#define
IW_ENCODE_RESTRICTED 0x4000 /* Refuse non-encoded packets */#define
IW_ENCODE_OPEN 0x2000 /* Accept non-encoded packets *//* Power
management flags available (along with the value, if any) */#define
IW_POWER_ON 0x0000 /* No details... */#define IW_POWER_TYPE 0xF000 /*
Type of parameter */#define IW_POWER_PERIOD 0x1000 /* Value is a
period/duration of */#define IW_POWER_TIMEOUT 0x2000 /* Value is a
timeout (to go asleep) */#define IW_POWER_MODE 0x0F00 /* Power
Management mode */#define IW_POWER_UNICAST_R 0x0100 /* Receive only
unicast messages */#define IW_POWER_MULTICAST_R 0x0200 /* Receive only
multicast messages */#define IW_POWER_ALL_R 0x0300 /* Receive all
messages though PM */#define IW_POWER_FORCE_S 0x0400 /* Force PM
procedure for sending unicast */#define IW_POWER_REPEATER 0x0800 /*
Repeat broadcast messages in PM period *//******************************
TYPES ******************************//* ---------------------------
SUBTYPES --------------------------- *//* * Generic format for most
parameters that fit in an int */struct iw_param{ __s32 value; /* The
value of the parameter itself */ __u8 fixed; /* Hardware should not
use auto select */ __u8 disabled; /* Disable the feature */ __u16
flags; /* Various specifc flags (if any) */};/* * For all data larger
than 16 octets, we need to use a * pointer to memory alocated in user
space. */struct iw_point{ caddr_t pointer; /* Pointer to the data (in
user space) */ __u16 length; /* number of fields or size in bytes */
__u16 flags; /* Optional params */};/* * A frequency * For numbers
lower than 10^9, we encode the number in 'm' and * set 'e' to 0 * For
number greater than 10^9, we pide it by the lowest power * of 10 to get
'm' lower than 10^9, with 'm'= f / (10^'e')... * The power of 10 is in
'e', the result of the pision is in 'm'. */struct iw_freq{ __u32 m; /*
Mantissa */ __u16 e; /* Exponent */ __u8 i; /* List index (when in
range struct) */};/* * Quality of the link */struct iw_quality{ __u8
qual; /* link quality (%retries, SNR or better...) */ __u8 level; /*
signal level */ __u8 noise; /* noise level */ __u8 updated; /* Flags
to know if updated */};/* * Packet discarded in the wireless adapter due
to * "wireless" specific problems... */struct iw_discarded{ __u32
nwid; /* Wrong nwid */ __u32 code; /* Unable to code/decode */ __u32
misc; /* Others cases */};/* ------------------------ WIRELESS STATS
------------------------ *//* * Wireless statistics (used for
/proc/net/wireless) */struct iw_statistics{ __u16 status; /* Status
* - device dependent for now */ struct iw_quality qual; /* Quality
of the link * (instant/mean/max) */ struct iw_discarded discard;
/* Packet discarded counts */};/* ------------------------ IOCTL REQUEST
------------------------ *//* * The structure to exchange data for
ioctl. * This structure is the same as 'struct ifreq', but (re)defined
for * convenience... * * Note that it should fit on the same memory
footprint ! * You should check this when increasing the above structures
(16 octets) * 16 octets = 128 bits. Warning, pointers might be 64 bits
wide... */struct iwreq { union { char ifrn_name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* if name,
e.g. "eth0" */ } ifr_ifrn; /* Data part */ union { /* Config - generic
*/ char name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Name : used to verify the presence of
wireless extensions. * Name of the protocol/provider... */ struct
iw_point essid; /* Extended network name */ struct iw_param nwid; /*
network id (or domain - the cell) */ struct iw_freq freq; /* frequency
or channel : * 0-1000 = channel * > 1000 = frequency in Hz
*/ struct iw_param sens; /* signal level threshold */ struct iw_param
bitrate; /* default bit rate */ struct iw_param rts; /* RTS threshold
threshold */ struct iw_param frag; /* Fragmentation threshold */
__u32 mode; /* Operation mode */ struct iw_point encoding; /*
Encoding stuff : tokens */ struct iw_param power; /* PM
duration/timeout */ struct sockaddr ap_addr; /* Access point address */
struct iw_point data; /* Other large parameters */ } u;};/*
-------------------------- IOCTL DATA -------------------------- *//* *
For those ioctl which want to exchange mode data that what could * fit
in the above structure... *//* * Range of parameters */struct iw_range{
/* Informative stuff (to choose between different interface) */ __u32
throughput; /* To give an idea... */ /* In theory this value should be
the maximum benchmarked * TCP/IP throughput, because with most of these
devices the * bit rate is meaningless (overhead an co) to estimate how
* fast the connection will go and pick the fastest one. * I suggest
people to play with Netperf or any benchmark... */ /* NWID (or domain
id) */ __u32 min_nwid; /* Minimal NWID we are able to set */ __u32
max_nwid; /* Maximal NWID we are able to set */ /* Frequency */ __u16
num_channels; /* Number of channels [0; num - 1] */ __u8 num_frequency;
/* Number of entry in the list */ struct iw_freq
freq[IW_MAX_FREQUENCIES]; /* list */ /* Note : this frequency list
doesn't need to fit channel numbers */ /* signal level threshold range
*/ __s32 sensitivity; /* Quality of link & SNR stuff */ struct
iw_quality max_qual; /* Quality of the link */ /* Rates */ __u8
num_bitrates; /* Number of entries in the list */ __s32
bitrate[IW_MAX_BITRATES]; /* list, in bps */ /* RTS threshold */ __s32
min_rts; /* Minimal RTS threshold */ __s32 max_rts; /* Maximal RTS
threshold */ /* Frag threshold */ __s32 min_frag; /* Minimal frag
threshold */ __s32 max_frag; /* Maximal frag threshold */ /* Power
Management duration & timeout */ __s32 min_pmd; /* Minimal PM
duration */ __s32 max_pmd; /* Maximal PM duration */ __s32 min_pmt; /*
Minimal PM timeout */ __s32 max_pmt; /* Maximal PM timeout */ /*
Encoder stuff */ __u16 encoding_size[IW_MAX_ENCODING_SIZES]; /*
Different token sizes */ __u8 num_encoding_sizes; /* Number of entry in
the list */ __u8 max_encoding_tokens; /* Max number of tokens */};/* *
Private ioctl interface information */ struct iw_priv_args{ __u32 cmd;
/* Number of the ioctl to issue */ __u16 set_args; /* Type and number
of args */ __u16 get_args; /* Type and number of args */ char
name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Name of the extension */};#endif /* _LINUX_WIRELESS_H
*/
9、ioctl获取ESSID 和AP的MAC
/***************code description***************
get current connecting ESSID and its AP's MAC.
by fys 2012/8/9
****************code description***************/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
#define IW_INTERFACE "wlan0"
extern int errno;
struct iwreq wreq;
int main (void)
{
int i;
int sockfd;
memset(&wreq, 0, sizeof(struct iwreq));
sprintf(wreq.ifr_name, IW_INTERFACE);//?
/*create a socket to get info from ioctl*/
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
//fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open socket /n");
//fprintf(stderr, "errno = %d /n", errno);
//fprintf(stderr, "Error description is : %s/n",strerror(errno));
perror("Cannot creat socket,error");
exit(1);
}
else {
printf("Socket opened successfully /n");
}
/*create a socket to get info from ioctl*/
char buffer[32];
memset(buffer, 0, 32);
wreq.u.essid.pointer = buffer;//if not write these codes , the program maybe wrong.
wreq.u.essid.length = 32;
/*get ESSID from ioctl*/
if (ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIWESSID, &wreq) == -1) {
perror("IOCTL SIOCGIWESSID Failed,error");
exit(2);
}
else {
printf("IOCTL SIOCGIWESSID Successfull/n");
}
/*get ESSID from ioctl*/
/*output current connecting essid*/
printf("%s/n",wreq.u.essid.pointer);
/*output current connecting essid*/
/*get AP info from ioctl*/
if (ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIWAP, &wreq) == -1) {
perror("IOCTL SIOCGIWAP Failed,error");
exit(2);
}
else {
printf("IOCTL SIOCGIWAP Successfull/n");
}
/*get AP info from ioctl*/
/* output current connecting AP MAC*/
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
unsigned char *APaddr = (unsigned char *) wreq.u.ap_addr.sa_data;
printf("%02x", (int) APaddr[i]);//mac[i] means 1 byte ,i.e. 8 bits.
if (i != 5)
printf("%c", ':');
else
printf("/n");
}
/* output current connecting AP MAC*/
}
