2012年(464)
分类: Delphi
2012-05-29 15:23:54
The brief of America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) does not typically
extend to its wards'
corporate communications. That did not stop Ed Felten, the FTC's technology
chief, from breaking the news that Twitter was jumping on the "Do Not Track"
(DNT) bandwagon, a move the firm later confirmed—in a tweet, naturally. The
microblogging giant is the latest to let a user specify in a web browser that he
does not wish his behaviour to be followed and used for targeted advertising or
assembling personal profiles.
The FTC has its nose in DNT because the
directive needs regulatory enforcement and civil liability to be workable. Chris
Soghoian, a former FTC staffer who helped come up with DNT and shepherd it at
times, explains that advertisers' explicit agreement to respect users' wishes
means that the FTC can pursue those who nonetheless disregard them for
"deceptive practices", which falls under the agency's purview. Individuals,
meanwhile, have a contractual basis on which to sue companies which renege on
their word.
Technically, DNT is a bit of text which reads "DNT: 1" (where "1" stands for
"on" and "0" would mean "off"). This is sent as web metadata, part of the hidden
messages that a web browser and web server exchange when negotiating to receive
a page or media file. When a switch in an internet browser's options is flipped
to "do not track", companies like Twitter that have signed up to the pledge will
no longer record information about a visitor's behaviour when the user employs
that browser.
The DNT switch has already been included in Mozilla's Firefox
and Microsoft's Internet Explorer, while Apple hides the option in its Safari
browser among software developer features. Google's Chrome has a downloadable
plug-in to enable DNT that will be built into future versions of the software.
Another popular browser, Opera, has the option in its current beta version.
These five companies' desktop browsers account for nearly all computer surfing
(mobile browsers lag in this regard). An independent site run by privacy and
security researchers, called donottrack.us, explains how to flip the switch in
each of them. In Firefox, for instance, the setting is labeled "Tell websites I
do not want to be tracked" and the default option is off. Mozilla says 9% of
desktop Firefox users and 19% of its
plant surfers have checked the box (while noting that it "does not collect or
store personal information about our users to determine these statistics").