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2009-06-26 13:43:21
(七)、OF
1、动词+of
(1)、动词+of。of意为“有关,由于”:
beg of(sb.)请求某人 complain of抱怨 consist of由…构成 die of死于
dream of梦想 hear of听说 know of了解 speak of谈及
tell of讲到 think of想起 talk of论及
Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.
从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。
Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.
二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成。
(2)、动词+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有“剥夺,有关”之意:
accuse of控告(谴责,非难)某人 cheat of骗走 deprive of剥夺,
inform of汇报 rob of抢走 remind of提醒 warn of警告。
He has cheated me of my poverty. 他骗走了我的财产。
They are deprived of their rights as citizens. 他们的公民权都被剥夺了。
(3)、动词+sth.+ of +sb.。介词of表动宾关系,后接动作的宾语 sb.:
request of请求(某人做某事) require of要求得到。
All I request of you is that you should come here early.
我唯一的请求就是希望你早点来。
You have done all the law requires of you. 你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。
2、be +形容词+ of。of后接表对象或目标的词,这类短语有很多:
be afraid of担心 |
be guilty of认罪 |
be ashamed of以…为耻 |
be hopeful of抱有希望 |
be aware of觉察 |
be impatient of对…无耐心 |
be bare of没有 |
be informed of汇报 |
be careful of小心 |
be jealous of嫉妒 |
be certain of确信 |
be made of用…制成 |
be clear of还清债务 |
be mindful of留意 |
be composed of由…构成 |
be proud of以…为骄傲 |
be envious of嫉妒 |
be short of缺乏 |
be fond of喜欢 |
be sick of烦于 |
be forgetful of健忘 |
be sure of确信 |
be free of免于;摆脱 |
be tired of困于 |
be full of充满 |
be worthy of值得 |
3、of+名词构成的词组:
of age成年 of choice精选的 of course当然 of late最近
of name有名的 of oneself自动地 of purpose有意地
of use有用 of values有价值的
(八)、ON
1、动词+on
(1)、动词+ on。介词on表示“凭借,产生某结果,接通”等意思:
act on对…有作用 |
keep on继续 |
bring on促使;导致 |
lean on依赖 |
call on拜访某人, |
live on以…为生 |
carry on执行 |
pull on迅速穿上 |
count on依赖 |
put on穿上 |
depend on取决 |
switch on接通(电源) |
feed on以…为生 |
take to喜欢;养成;轻易学会 |
figure on料想;推断 |
turn on接通(电源) |
go on继续 |
wait on侍候 |
have on穿着 |
work on*作 |
insist on坚持 |
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This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 这种药对心脏有好处。
The fine weather brings on the crops nicely. 好天气促使庄稼长势良好。
We count on you to help. 我们有赖你的帮助。
(2)、动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。on的意思是“以…,对…,在某方面”:
base on以…为基础 congratulate on恭贺 fix on固定,
have mercy on怜悯 have pity on怜惜 keep watch on监视,
spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。
Theory should be based on practice. 理论联系实际。
Congratulate on your success in the competition. 恭喜你竞赛获得成功。
2、be+形容词+on的词组:
be dependent on依赖 be hard on对某人苛刻
be impressed on对…印象深刻 be keen on渴望 be strict on对…严格
We can’t just be dependent on our parents. 我们不能只依赖父母。
He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出国。
3、on+名词构成的词组:on表示处于某种状态或在某个方位:
on board乘(车,飞机) |
on one’s way在…的路上 |
on call听候召唤 |
on purpose故意 |
on duty值班 |
on sale待售 |
on earth到底 |
on shore在岸上 |
on fire着火 |
on the move行动 |
on foot步行 |
on the other hand另一方面 |
on guard在岗 |
on the spot当场 |
on hire雇用 |
on the tip of one’s tongue快要说出口 |
on holiday度假 |
on time准时 |
on leave休假 |
on top of在…的顶部,on watch值班 |
on one’s knees跪下 |
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(九)、TO
1、动词+to
(1)、动词+ to。介词to意为“达到,指向”等:
adjust to适应 |
listen to听 |
agree to赞同 |
object to反对 |
amount to加起来达… |
occur to想起 |
attend to处理;照料 |
point to指向 |
belong to属于 |
refer to参考;指的是…;涉及 |
come to达到 |
reply to回答 |
drink to为…干杯 |
respond to回答 |
get to到达 |
see to负责 |
happen to发生在某人身上 |
stick to坚持 |
hold to紧握 |
turn to求助 |
lead to通向 |
write to给某人写信 |
She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。
Business has to be attended to. 有事要办。
An idea occurred to me. 我想出一个办法。
(2)、动词(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列动词不能直接带间接宾语sb.,要接间接宾语时须在动词后加介词to:
announce to通知某人 describe to向某人描述 explain to向某人解释
express to对某人表达 mention to提及 nod to向某人点头
report to报告 say to告知 shout to对某人大叫
suggest to对某人提建议 speak to与某人交谈 talk to跟某人谈话
whisper to和某人低声耳语
She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee.
她跟我向委员会推举了一两个合适的人选。
(3)、动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此时介词to可译成“到,于,给”等意思:
add to增加 compare to比作 carry to运送至
devote to致力于 introduce to介绍给 invite to邀请参加
join to连接到 leave to委托给 reduce to下降至
sentence to判处 take to带到。
Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 请给咖啡加块糖。
Poets like to compare life to stage. 诗人喜欢把人生比作舞台。
2、be +形容词/过去分词+ to。to的意思是“对…”:
be alive to觉察;晓得 |
be married to嫁给 |
be attentive to注意;留心 |
be moved to转移到 |
be awake to知晓 |
be near to靠近 |
be blind to缺乏眼光 |
be necessary to对…有必要 |
be close to紧挨着 |
be opposed to反对 |
be common to对某人来说很普通 |
be opposite to在对面 |
be contrary to违反;反对 |
be pleasant to合某人之意 |
be deaf to不愿意听 |
be polite to礼貌待人 |
be devoted to致力 |
be proper to专属 |
be equal to有…的力量 |
be relative to与…有关 |
be exposed to暴露;遭受 |
be rude to粗暴对待 |
be fair to对…公平 |
be similar to类似 |
be familiar to对某人来说熟悉 |
be strange to不习惯 |
be good to对…有好处 |
be suitable to适合 |
be grateful to对某人心存感激 |
be thankful to感激 |
be harmful to对…有危害 |
be true to忠实 |
be important to对…重要 |
be used to习惯 |
be kind to友好对待 |
be useful to对…有用 |
be known to周知于 |
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Are you alive to what is going on? 你注意到发生什么事了吗?
The old man was not equal to the situation. 那老人不能应付这种情况。
His house is opposite to mine. 他的房子在我的房子对面。
3、to+名词构成的词组有:
to a degree在某种程度上 to date到现在为止 to one’s feet跳起来,
to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊 to one’s taste符合胃口
to oneself独自享用 to order定做 to the letter不折不扣地
to the point中肯地