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分类: C/C++

2006-09-13 09:21:26

[点评:这是通过directshow来进行视频捕捉的.感觉这种方法还是很不错的,就是相对复杂了一点.]

DirectShow是微软公司提供的一套在Windows平台上进行流媒体处理的开发包,与DirectX开发包一起发布。DirectShow 为多媒体流的捕捉和回放提供了强有力的支持。用DirectShow开发应用程序,我们可以很方便地从支持WDM驱动模型的采集卡上捕获数据,并且进行相 应的后期处理乃至存储到文件中。

  DirectShow是基于COM的,为了编写DirectShow应用程序,需要了解COM客户程序编写的基础知识。DirectShow提供了大量的接口,但在编程中发现还是不够方便,如果能构建一个视频捕捉类把常用的一些动作封装起来,那么就更方便了。

  编程思路

  为了更加容易建立视频捕捉应用程序,DirectShow提供了一个叫做Capture Graph Builder的对象,Capture Graph Builder提供IcaptureGraphBuilder2接口,该接口可以建立和控制Capture Graph。

  建立视频捕捉程序,必须首先获取并初始化IcaptureGraphBuilder2接口,然后选择一个适当的视频捕捉设备。选择好设备后,为 该设备创建Capture filter,然后调用AddFilter把Capture filter添加到Filter Graph。

  如果仅仅希望用摄像头来进行实时监控的话,只需要在上面的基础上调用ICaptureGraphBuilder2::RenderStream就可以了:

ICaptureGraphBuilder2 *pBuild; // Capture Graph Builder
//省略初始化部分代码
IBaseFilter *pCap; // Video capture filter.
//省略初始化和添加到Filter Graph部分代码
pBuild->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, pCap, NULL, NULL);

  DirectShow提供了一个捕捉静态图像的方法:使用Sample Grabber filter。依次按照以下三个步骤就可以了:

  第一步, 定义一个类实现Sample Grabber的回调接口IsampleGrabberCB:

class CSampleGrabberCB : public ISampleGrabberCB
{
 //在后面提供的类中具体完成
}
CSampleGrabberCB mCB;

  第二步、调用RenderStream依次把Still pin、Sample Grabber和系统默认Renderer Filter连接起来。

  第三步、配置Sample Grabber以捕获数据。

  视频捕捉类CCaptureVideo的具体实现

// CCaptureVideo视频捕捉类头文件
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#if !defined(AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A39F_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A39F_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CaptureVideo.h : header file
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
#i nclude
#i nclude
#i nclude
#ifndef SAFE_RELEASE
#define SAFE_RELEASE( x ) \
if ( NULL != x ) \
{ \
 x->Release( ); \
 x = NULL; \
}
#endif
class CSampleGrabberCB;
class CCaptureVideo : public CWnd
{
 friend class CSampleGrabberCB;
 public:
  void GrabOneFrame(BOOL bGrab);
  HRESULT Init(int iDeviceID,HWND hWnd);
  int EnumDevices(HWND hList);
  CCaptureVideo();
  virtual ~CCaptureVideo();
 private:
  HWND m_hWnd;
  IGraphBuilder *m_pGB;
  ICaptureGraphBuilder2* m_pCapture;
  IBaseFilter* m_pBF;
  IMediaControl* m_pMC;
  IVideoWindow* m_pVW;
  CComPtr m_pGrabber;
 protected:
  void FreeMediaType(AM_MEDIA_TYPE& mt);
  bool BindFilter(int deviceId, IBaseFilter **pFilter);
  void ResizeVideoWindow();
  HRESULT SetupVideoWindow();
  HRESULT InitCaptureGraphBuilder();
};
#endif // !defined(AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A39F_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_)
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// CCaptureVideo视频捕捉类实现文件CaptureVideo.cpp
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// CaptureVideo.cpp: implementation of the CCaptureVideo class.
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#i nclude "stdafx.h"
#i nclude "CaptureVideo.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__;
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif
BOOL bOneShot=FALSE;//全局变量
class CSampleGrabberCB : public ISampleGrabberCB
{
 public:
  long lWidth;
  long lHeight;
  TCHAR m_szFileName[MAX_PATH];// 位图文件名称
  CSampleGrabberCB( ){
   strcpy(m_szFileName, "c:\\donaldo.bmp");
  }
  STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef() { return 2; }
  STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release() { return 1; }
  STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void ** ppv){
  if( riid == IID_ISampleGrabberCB || riid == IID_IUnknown ){
   *ppv = (void *) static_cast ( this );
   return NOERROR;
  }
  return E_NOINTERFACE;
 }
 STDMETHODIMP SampleCB( double SampleTime, IMediaSample * pSample ){
 return 0;
}
STDMETHODIMP BufferCB( double dblSampleTime, BYTE * pBuffer, long lBufferSize ){
 if( !bOneShot )return 0;
 
 if (!pBuffer)return E_POINTER;
 SaveBitmap(pBuffer, lBufferSize);
 bOneShot = FALSE;
 return 0;
}
//创建位图文件
BOOL SaveBitmap(BYTE * pBuffer, long lBufferSize )
{
 HANDLE hf = CreateFile(
 m_szFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,
 CREATE_ALWAYS, NULL, NULL );
 if( hf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )return 0;
  // 写文件头
  BITMAPFILEHEADER bfh;
  memset( &bfh, 0, sizeof( bfh ) );
  bfh.bfType = ’MB’;
  bfh.bfSize = sizeof( bfh ) + lBufferSize + sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER );
  bfh.bfOffBits = sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER ) + sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER );
  DWORD dwWritten = 0;
  WriteFile( hf, &bfh, sizeof( bfh ), &dwWritten, NULL );
  // 写位图格式
  BITMAPINFOHEADER bih;
  memset( &bih, 0, sizeof( bih ) );
  bih.biSize = sizeof( bih );
  bih.biWidth = lWidth;
  bih.biHeight = lHeight;
  bih.biPlanes = 1;
  bih.biBitCount = 24;
  WriteFile( hf, &bih, sizeof( bih ), &dwWritten, NULL );
  // 写位图数据
  WriteFile( hf, pBuffer, lBufferSize, &dwWritten, NULL );
  CloseHandle( hf );
  return 0;
 }
};
CSampleGrabberCB mCB;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CCaptureVideo::CCaptureVideo()
{
 //COM Library Intialization
 if(FAILED(CoInitialize(NULL))) /*, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED)))*/
 {
  AfxMessageBox("CoInitialize Failed!\r\n");
  return;
 }
 m_hWnd = NULL;
 m_pVW = NULL;
 m_pMC = NULL;
 m_pGB = NULL;
 m_pCapture = NULL;
}
CCaptureVideo::~CCaptureVideo()
{
 // Stop media playback
 if(m_pMC)m_pMC->Stop();
 if(m_pVW){
  m_pVW->put_Visible(OAFALSE);
  m_pVW->put_Owner(NULL);
 }
 SAFE_RELEASE(m_pCapture);
 SAFE_RELEASE(m_pMC);
 SAFE_RELEASE(m_pGB);
 SAFE_RELEASE(m_pBF);
 CoUninitialize( );
}
int CCaptureVideo::EnumDevices(HWND hList)
{
 if (!hList)
  return -1;
 int id = 0;

 //枚举视频扑捉设备
 ICreateDevEnum *pCreateDevEnum;
 HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SystemDeviceEnum, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_ICreateDevEnum, (void**)&pCreateDevEnum);

 if (hr != NOERROR)return -1;
 CComPtr pEm;
 hr = pCreateDevEnum->CreateClassEnumerator(CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory,&pEm, 0);

 if (hr != NOERROR)return -1;
 pEm->Reset();
 ULONG cFetched;
 IMoniker *pM;
 while(hr = pEm->Next(1, &pM, &cFetched), hr==S_OK)
 {
  IPropertyBag *pBag;
  hr = pM->BindToStorage(0, 0, IID_IPropertyBag, (void **)&pBag);
  if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
  {
   VARIANT var;
   var.vt = VT_BSTR;
   hr = pBag->Read(L"FriendlyName", &var, NULL);
   if (hr == NOERROR)
   {
    TCHAR str[2048];
    id++;
    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,var.bstrVal, -1, str, 2048, NULL, NULL);
    ::SendMessage(hList, CB_ADDSTRING, 0,(LPARAM)str);
    SysFreeString(var.bstrVal);
   }
   pBag->Release();
  }
  pM->Release();
 }
 return id;
}
HRESULT CCaptureVideo::Init(int iDeviceID, HWND hWnd)
{
 HRESULT hr;
 hr = InitCaptureGraphBuilder();
 if (FAILED(hr)){
  AfxMessageBox("Failed to get video interfaces!");
  return hr;
 }
 // Bind Device Filter. We know the device because the id was passed in
 if(!BindFilter(iDeviceID, &m_pBF))return S_FALSE;
 hr = m_pGB->AddFilter(m_pBF, L"Capture Filter");
 // hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video,
 // m_pBF, NULL, NULL);
 // create a sample grabber
 hr = m_pGrabber.CoCreateInstance( CLSID_SampleGrabber );
 if( !m_pGrabber ){
  AfxMessageBox("Fail to create SampleGrabber, maybe qedit.dll is not registered?");
  return hr;
 }
 CComQIPtr< IBaseFilter, &IID_IBaseFilter > pGrabBase( m_pGrabber );

 //设置视频格式
 AM_MEDIA_TYPE mt;
 ZeroMemory(&mt, sizeof(AM_MEDIA_TYPE));
 mt.majortype = MEDIATYPE_Video;
 mt.subtype = MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB24;
 hr = m_pGrabber->SetMediaType(&mt);

 if( FAILED( hr ) ){
  AfxMessageBox("Fail to set media type!");
  return hr;
 }
 hr = m_pGB->AddFilter( pGrabBase, L"Grabber" );
 if( FAILED( hr ) ){
  AfxMessageBox("Fail to put sample grabber in graph");
  return hr;
 }

 // try to render preview/capture pin
 hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video,m_pBF,pGrabBase,NULL);
 if( FAILED( hr ) )
  hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_CAPTURE, &MEDIATYPE_Video,m_pBF,pGrabBase,NULL);

  if( FAILED( hr ) ){
   AfxMessageBox("Can’t build the graph");
   return hr;
  }
 
 hr = m_pGrabber->GetConnectedMediaType( &mt );
 if ( FAILED( hr) ){
  AfxMessageBox("Failt to read the connected media type");
  return hr;
 }

 VIDEOINFOHEADER * vih = (VIDEOINFOHEADER*) mt.pbFormat;
 mCB.lWidth = vih->bmiHeader.biWidth;
 mCB.lHeight = vih->bmiHeader.biHeight;
 FreeMediaType(mt);
 hr = m_pGrabber->SetBufferSamples( FALSE );
 hr = m_pGrabber->SetOneShot( FALSE );
 hr = m_pGrabber->SetCallback( &mCB, 1 );

 //设置视频捕捉窗口
 m_hWnd = hWnd ;
 SetupVideoWindow();
 hr = m_pMC->Run();//开始视频捕捉
 if(FAILED(hr)){AfxMessageBox("Couldn’t run the graph!");return hr;}
 return S_OK;
}
bool CCaptureVideo::BindFilter(int deviceId, IBaseFilter **pFilter)
{
 if (deviceId < 0)
 return false;

 // enumerate all video capture devices
 CComPtr pCreateDevEnum;
 HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SystemDeviceEnum, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_ICreateDevEnum, (void**)&pCreateDevEnum);
 if (hr != NOERROR)
 {
  return false;
 }
 CComPtr pEm;
 hr = pCreateDevEnum->CreateClassEnumerator(CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory,&pEm, 0);
 if (hr != NOERROR)
 {
  return false;
 }
 pEm->Reset();
 ULONG cFetched;
 IMoniker *pM;
 int index = 0;
 while(hr = pEm->Next(1, &pM, &cFetched), hr==S_OK, index <= deviceId)
 {
  IPropertyBag *pBag;
  hr = pM->BindToStorage(0, 0, IID_IPropertyBag, (void **)&pBag);
  if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
  {
   VARIANT var;
   var.vt = VT_BSTR;
   hr = pBag->Read(L"FriendlyName", &var, NULL);
   if (hr == NOERROR)
   {
    if (index == deviceId)
    {
     pM->BindToObject(0, 0, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)pFilter);
    }
    SysFreeString(var.bstrVal);
   }
   pBag->Release();
  }
  pM->Release();
  index++;
 }
 return true;
}

HRESULT CCaptureVideo::InitCaptureGraphBuilder()
{
 HRESULT hr;

 // 创建IGraphBuilder接口
 hr=CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **)&m_pGB);
 // 创建ICaptureGraphBuilder2接口
 hr = CoCreateInstance (CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder2 , NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC,
IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **) &m_pCapture);
 if (FAILED(hr))return hr;
 m_pCapture->SetFiltergraph(m_pGB);
 hr = m_pGB->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&m_pMC);
 if (FAILED(hr))return hr;
 hr = m_pGB->QueryInterface(IID_IVideoWindow, (LPVOID *) &m_pVW);
 if (FAILED(hr))return hr;
 return hr;
}
HRESULT CCaptureVideo::SetupVideoWindow()
{
 HRESULT hr;
 hr = m_pVW->put_Owner((OAHWND)m_hWnd);
 if (FAILED(hr))return hr;
 hr = m_pVW->put_WindowStyle(WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPCHILDREN);
 if (FAILED(hr))return hr;
 ResizeVideoWindow();
 hr = m_pVW->put_Visible(OATRUE);
 return hr;
}
void CCaptureVideo::ResizeVideoWindow()
{
 if (m_pVW){
  //让图像充满整个窗口
  CRect rc;
  ::GetClientRect(m_hWnd,&rc);
  m_pVW->SetWindowPosition(0, 0, rc.right, rc.bottom);
 }
}
void CCaptureVideo::GrabOneFrame(BOOL bGrab)
{
 bOneShot = bGrab;
}
void CCaptureVideo::FreeMediaType(AM_MEDIA_TYPE& mt)
{
 if (mt.cbFormat != 0) {
  CoTaskMemFree((PVOID)mt.pbFormat);
  // Strictly unnecessary but tidier
  mt.cbFormat = 0;
  mt.pbFormat = NULL;
 }
 if (mt.pUnk != NULL) {
  mt.pUnk->Release();
  mt.pUnk = NULL;
 }
}
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