驱动程序:
- /*chardev.c*/
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/fs.h> /*for file-f_op*/
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <asm/uaccess.h> /*for copy_to_user()*/
- #include <linux/cdev.h> /*for cdev ,cdev_init,cdev_add....*/
-
-
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- MODULE_AUTHOR("Helight");
-
- #define DP_MAJOR 250 /*the major number of the chardev*/
- #define DP_MINOR 0 /*the minor number of the chardev*/
- static int char_read(struct file *filp,char __user *buffer,size_t,loff_t *); /*the read operation of the chardev----read the data from kernel*/
- static int char_open(struct inode *,struct file *); /*open the chardev*/
- static int char_write(struct file *filp,const char __user *buffer,size_t ,loff_t*); /*write data to kernel*/
- static int char_release(struct inode *,struct file *); /*release the chardev*/
-
- static int chropen; /*the chardev open or not*/
- struct cdev *chardev; /*define a char device*/
- static int len;
-
- static const struct file_operations char_ops = {
- .read = char_read,
- .write = char_write,
- .open = char_open,
- .release = char_release,
- };
-
- static int __init char_init(void)
- {
- dev_t dev;
- printk(KERN_ALERT"Initing......\n");
- dev=MKDEV(DP_MAJOR,DP_MINOR);
- chardev = cdev_alloc( );
-
- if(chardev==NULL){
- return -1;
- }
- if(register_chrdev_region(dev,10,"chardev")){
- printk(KERN_ALERT"Register char dev error\n");
- return -1;
- }
- chropen=0;
- len=0;
- cdev_init(chardev,&char_ops);
- if(cdev_add(chardev,dev,1))
- {
- printk(KERN_ALERT"Add char dev error\n");
- }
-
- return 0;
- }
-
- static int char_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *file)
- {
- if(chropen==0)
- chropen++;
- else{
- printk(KERN_ALERT"Another process open the char device\n");
- return -1;
- }
- try_module_get(THIS_MODULE);
- return 0;
- }
-
- static int char_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *file)
- {
- chropen--;
- module_put(THIS_MODULE);
- return 0;
- }
-
- static int char_read(struct file *filp,char __user *buffer,size_t length,loff_t *offset)
- {
- if(length<12)
- if(!copy_to_user(buffer,"hello world!",length))
- {
- return 0;
- }
- }else
- {
- if(!copy_to_user(buffer,"hello world!",strlen("hello world!")))
- {
- return 0;
- }
- }
- return -1;
- }
-
- static int char_write(struct file *filp,const char __user *buffer,size_t length,loff_t *offset)
- {
- return 0;
- }
-
- static void __exit module_close(void)
- {
- len=0;
- printk(KERN_ALERT"Unloading..........\n");
-
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(DP_MAJOR,DP_MINOR),10);
- cdev_del(chardev);
- }
-
- module_init(char_init);
- module_exit(module_close);
用户测试程序:
- /*main.c*/
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <string.h>
-
-
- int main(void)
- {
- int testdev;
- int i,rf=0;
- char buf[15];
-
- memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
- testdev = open("/dev/chardev0",O_RDWR);
- if ( testdev == -1 )
- {
- perror("open\n");
- exit(0);
- }
-
- rf=read(testdev,buf,12);
- if(rf<0)
- perror("read error\n");
- printf("R:%s\n",buf);
- close(testdev);
- return 0;
- }
编译加载和使用:
<1>程序chardev.c是字符驱动程序,是以内核模块的形式插入内核的,所以编译方法和内核模块的编译方法一致。
<2>模块的加载和卸载也和上面所述的内核模块的加载和卸载方法一致。
<3>设备节点的创建,mknod /dev/chardev0 c 250 0
命令解释:
mknod是建立设备节点的命令;
/dev/chardev0:在/dev/目录下建立chardev0这样一个节点。
c:这个节点是指向一个字符设备的节点
250:这个设备的主设备号
0:次设备号
<3>编译用户程序gcc -o chardev_test main.c
<4>运行chmod 666 /dev/chardev0 使其它用户也可以对这个设备进行读写操作,否则只有root用户可以对它进行读写。
<5>运行chardev_test,如果没有什么问题的话应该要输出这几个字符。
R:hello world!
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