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分类: LINUX

2015-12-17 16:39:12



现用Remastersys创建iso文件,命令行,后用Unetbootin程序将iso文件写入U盘中,以下是两个程序的使用方法

 Remastersys

remastersys
Usage of remastersys 2.0.11 is as follows:
 
   sudo remastersys backup|clean|dist [cdfs|iso] [filename.iso]
 
Examples:
    sudo remastersys backup   (to make a livecd/dvd backup of your system)
 
   sudo remastersys backup custom.iso
                             (to make a livecd/dvd backup and call the iso custom.iso)
 
   sudo remastersys clean    (to clean up temporary files of remastersys)
 
   sudo remastersys dist     (to make a distributable livecd/dvd of your system)
 
   sudo remastersys dist cdfs
                             (to make a distributable livecd/dvd filesystem only)
 
   sudo remastersys dist iso custom.iso
                             (to make a distributable iso named custom.iso but only
                              if the cdfs is already present)
 
   cdfs and iso options should only be used if you wish to modify something on the
   cd before the iso is created.  An example of this would be to modify the isolinux
   portion of the livecd/dvd

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Unetbootin

UNetbootin allows you to create bootable Live USB drives for Ubuntu, Fedora, and other Linux distributions without burning a CD. It runs on both Windows and Linux. You can either let UNetbootin download one of the many for you, or if you've already downloaded one or your preferred distribution isn't on the list.

  • Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7, or Linux. If you are having trouble with the Linux version, try the Windows version, it usually works better.
  • A broadband internet connection to download the distribution's .iso file (unless you're using )

UNetbootin can create a bootable Live USB drive, or it can make a "frugal install" on your local hard disk if you don't have a USB drive. It can load distributions by automatically downloading their ISO (CD image) files, or by using existing ISO files, floppy/hard disk images, or kernel/initrd files, for .

screenshot
The current version has built-in support for automatically downloading and loading the following distributions, though is also supported:

  • (and official derivatives)
    • 6.06 LTS
    • 6.10
    • 7.04
    • 7.10
    • 8.04 LTS
    • 8.10
    • 9.04
    • 9.10
    • 10.04
    • Daily CD Images
    • Stable/Lenny
    • Testing/Squeeze
    • Unstable/Sid
    • 3.1
    • 4.0
    • 5-r1
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 10.2
    • 10.3
    • 11.0
    • 11.1
    • Factory
    • 2007.08
    • 4.4
    • Stable
    • Cooking
    • 4.00
    • deltah-2.1
    • 6.3
    • 7.0
    • 7.2
    • 8.0
    • 4.0
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10
    • 11
    • 12
    • 13
    • Rawhide
    • 2010
    • 5.1
    • 5.2
    • 2007.0
    • 2008.0
    • SimplyMEPIS 8
    • AntiX 8
    • 5.2
    • 6
    • 3.2
    • Development
    • 4
    • 5
    • 2007.1
    • 2008.0
    • 2008.1
    • 0.5.4
    • Stable
    • Testing
    • Current
    • 0.8.9

UNetbootin can also be used to load various system utilities, including:

  • , a partition manager that can , repair, backup, and restore partitions.
  • SystemRescueCD, a system repair, backup and recovery tool.
  • , a boot utility that can overwritten and misconfigured GRUB installs or directly boot various operating systems
  • , F-Secure Rescue CD, and Kaspersky Rescue Disk, which remove malware from Windows installs.
  • , a utility used for network analysis and penetration testing.
  • , a utility which can recover Windows passwords.
  • , a utility which can reset Windows passwords and edit the registry.
  • , a graphical bootloader that can also be used to boot various operating systems and media.
  • , which can boot off CD-ROM and floppy drives on computers with a faulty BIOS.
  • , which can run BIOS flash and other legacy DOS utilities.

» See .

» See .

» See List of Custom UNetbootin Versions and Plugins.

» See .

  1. If using Windows, run the file, select a distribution, floppy/hard disk image, or kernel/initrd to load, select a target drive (USB Drive or Hard Disk), then reboot once done.

    screenshot

  2. If using Linux, make the file executable (using either the command chmod +x ./unetbootin-linux, or going to Properties->Permissions and checking "Execute"), then start the application, you will be prompted for your password to grant the application administrative rights, then the main dialog will appear, where you select a distribution and install target (USB Drive or Hard Disk), then reboot when prompted.

    screenshot

    screenshot

  3. After rebooting, if you created a Live USB drive by selecting "USB Drive" as your install target, press the appropriate button (usually F1, F2, F12, ESC, or backspace) while your computer is starting up to get to your BIOS boot menu and select USB drive as the startup target; otherwise if there's no boot selection option, go to the BIOS setup menu and change the startup order to boot USB by default. Otherwise, if you did a "frugal install" by selecting "Hard Disk" as your install target, select the UNetbootin entry from the Windows Boot Menu as the system boots up.

» See .

If using Windows, UNetbootin should prompt you to remove it the next time you boot into Windows. Alternatively, you can remove it via Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel.

If using Linux, re-run the UNetbootin executable (with root priveledges), and press OK when prompted to uninstall.

Removal is only required if you used the "Hard Drive" installation mode; to remove the bootloader from a USB drive, back up its contents and reformat it.

Uninstalling UNetbootin simply removes the UNetbootin entry from your boot menu; if you installed an operating system to a partition using UNetbootin, removing UNetbootin will not remove the OS.

To manually remove a Linux installation, you will have to restore the Windows bootloader using "fixmbr" from a recovery CD, and use Parted Magic to delete the Linux partition and expand the Windows partition.

Download and run UNetbootin, then supply it with the appropriate ISO (CD image) file, floppy/hard disk image, or kernel and initrd files when prompted (see screenshot). Check your distribution's download page to find the appropriate file; if in doubt use the ISO file.


screenshot

If you're loading an ISO file or floppy/hard disk image, that's all that's required (just press "OK" to start installing); otherwise if you're manually specifying kernel and initrd files and you'd like to specify special booting options, check the distribution's boot configuration files (usually after the "kernel" line in either isolinux.cfg, syslinux.cfg, menu.lst, or grub.conf) and supply them on the "Option" line.

A number of translations are included in the latest UNetbootin release. See the for the status of each.

If a translation corresponding to your system's native language has already been included into UNetbootin, it should automatically load the corresponding translation. Alternatively, you can force the language to use via the lang=es command-line option, where you substitute es with the the 2-letter for your language.

If you'd like to contribute a translation, please use . If you are new to Launchpad, you will first have to join the corresponding group for the language you intend to translate. For information on using the Launchpad Translations system, see the .

» See

How does UNetbootin work, and what does it do?

For the Live USB creation mode, UNetbootin downloads and extracts an ISO file to your USB drive, generates an appropriate syslinux config file, and makes your USB drive bootable using syslinux.

For the Hard Disk / "frugal install" mode, UNetbootin uses a Windows or Linux-based installer to install a small modification to the bootloader (bootmgr and bcdedit on Vista, grldr and boot.ini for NT-based systems, grub.exe and config.sys for Win9x, or GRUB on Linux, uses the bootloader to boot the desired distribution's installer or to load the system utility, no CD required. After the distribution has been installed, or once done using the system utility, the modification to the bootloader is then undone.

» See .

Does it have any spyware, viruses, trojans, or other malware?

No; though some anti-virus products (Kaspersky) raise "Trojan.generic" warnings due to the auto-uninstall feature, these are false positives. Just make sure you obtain UNetbootin from the on not some shady third-party source. If you're absolutely paranoid, you can check the source code and compile it yourself.

What is it written in, where's the source code, and how can I compile it?

UNetbootin is written in C++, using the . Source code is available from the , or from the on , or the on . The Linux version is compiled using g++, while the Windows version is cross-compiled using mingw32. Both use a statically linked version of qt4 (to eliminate external library dependencies). Executables are compressed using to reduce file size.

» See .

How can I get my distribution supported by UNetbootin?

Create either:

  • An isolinux or GRUB-based ISO file, or
  • A floppy or hard disk image file, or
  • A kernel and initrd file

Which can perform an installation of your distribution, either in Live mode, or via an FTP-install option. Then, and provide a link to the kernel/initrd, or disk image file(s), and your support for your distribution will be added in the next release of UNetbootin.

» See .

How can I create specialized, rebranded, distro-specific releases?

UNetbootin can easily be rebranded and adapted to a specific distribution using either a , or a series of statements, as seen in the file within the . If you are attempting to build a distro-specific version and need additional instructions and details, would like to have your patches merged upstream, or would like to have your custom version added to this list, please .

» See .

» See .

» See .

» See Building a Custom UNetbootin Version.

» See List of Custom UNetbootin Versions and Plugins.

How can I automate the use of UNetbootin from a script?

» See .

Where can I report bugs, request new features, get help, etc?

If you encounter errors with UNetbootin itself, or . You can also see the Ubuntu Forums (the or depending on your install mode), or the , but only Launchpad ( and ), not the forums, are monitored by developers. However, if it's a distribution or hardware-specific issue, file a bug report against the distribution itself.

UNetbootin was created and written by (), . Translators are listed on the . UNetbootin is licensed under the or . Site materials can be used, copied, modified, and redistributed freely.



~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 华丽的分割线~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

使用Remastersys和Unetbootin将已安 装好的Ubuntu镜像到其他机器上,具体步骤如下:
 
Remastersys是一种工具,使用它可以在Klikit 或Ubuntu中做两件事,一是进行系统备份,其备份可以选择包括你的个人资料,二是将备份做成可以自起动安装的Live cd 或 dvd 安装盘.
    在Ubuntu 中安装Remastersys
    源头设置,修改源清单其代码是:
    sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
    将下列源址复制到 sources.list:
    # Remastersys
    deb remastersys/
    存储(save)后退出(exit).
    使用下列命令代码升级源清单:
    sudo apt-get update
    (你也可以这样进行:Sysytem->?Administrator->Software Source->Third party Software->Add -> ? deb remastersys/ --> update )
    安装 remastersys 使用下列命令,其代码是:
    sudo apt-get install remastersys

    执行上述修改和命令后,就完成了安装.
    使用Remastersys
    为了学习怎样能够使用remastersys,首先要运行该软件,其代码是:
    sudo remastersys
    remastersys的语法结构:
    sudo remastersys backup|clean|dist [cdfs|iso] [filename.iso]
    使用remastersys的例子
    1)为了将你的系统备份制成一个live cd/dvd
    sudo remastersys backup
    2) 为了将你的系统备份制成一个live cd/dvd其名叫 custom.iso 的ISO文件.
    sudo remastersys backup custom.iso
    3)为了清除由 remastersys产生的临时文件
    sudo remastersys clean
    4) 为了产生一个可发布又包括你的个人资料的 livecd/dvd
    sudo remastersys dist
    5) 为了产生一个只有档案系统的可发布的 livecd/dvd
    sudo remastersys dist cdfs
    6) 为了产生一个可发布又包括你的个人资料的 livecd/dvd 其名叫 custom.iso的ISO文件:
    sudo remastersys dist iso custom.iso
    cdfs and iso options should only be used if you wish to modify something on the cd before the iso is created. An example of this would be to modify the isolinux portion of the livecd/dvd
    产生一个ISO映像文件
    为了产生一个你的安装ISO映像文件,简单的运行其代码:
    sudo remastersys dist
    它会在/home/remastersys目录产生一个叫” customdist.iso”的ISO映像文件,但没有包括你的个人文件包(e.g. /home/ruchi),在这处理过程中可能需要插入你的安装CD.
    下面是记下了一段怎样结束处理:
    [...]
    92.16% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
    93.39% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
    94.62% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:24 2007
    95.85% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:24 2007
    97.08% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
    98.31% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
    99.54% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
    Total translation table size: 2048
    Total rockridge attributes bytes: 3950
    Total directory bytes: 9094
    Path table size(bytes): 54
    Max brk space used 0
    406890 extents written (794 MB)
    /home/remastersys/customdist.iso 已处理完可以写入CD或在需拟机中测试.
    检查/home/remastersys/customdist.iso文件的大小,如在700M内可以写入CD,否则需要DVD.
    在你将ISO映像文件写入 CD/DVD,你要清除产生ISO文件时而生成的临时文件,需要运行清除命令,其代码是:
    sudo remastersys clean
    现在可以不用命令方式进行该工具了,其用法是:
    System ->administration ->?Remastersys -> Backup.
    然后会提示你关闭所有程序, 接着就会出现命令选择,各命令大意如下:
    Backup : 备份完整的系统并包括个人资料.
    Dist : 生成一个可以与朋友分享的备份文件,其形式是ISO 和CDFS
    Distcdfs : 只生成系统的备份文件,对只加程序进安装CD的一种好方法.
    DistIso : 只生成一个ISO文件,在之前需完成上一步.
    Modify : 根据用户要求而修改remastersys配制.
    Info : 有关remastersys的信息.
    Clean : 清除临时文件.
    Quit : 退出
 
用UNetbootin可以轻松的把Linux操作系统装进U盘 你可将U盘插到USB接口。 注意:一定要先插U盘再运行UNetbootin!然后从菜单“应用程序——系统工具”里运行UNetbootin软件。然后把你下好的iso文件放到U 盘里,重启电脑,并设置U盘为第一启动设备,即可启动U盘里的操作系统(zsh)。
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