ubuntu 10.04下建立ftp服务器

1、安装vsftpd服务

sudo apt-get install vsftpd

安装完成后，vsftpd可执行命令存在与ubuntu的usr/sbin目录下；

若要卸载使用：sudo apt-get autoremove vsftpd

 

2、配置 /etc/vsftpd.conf文件

若etc目录下没有该文件，网上下载vsftpd对应版本压缩包，解压后将vsftpd.conf拷贝过来，稍后再做修改。

vsftpd.conf文件修改参考如下：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
chown_uploads=YES
chown_username=ftp
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
nopriv_user=ftp
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES
chown_username=root
ftp_username=ftp

 

注释：

1）为了提高FTP服务器的安全性，可以限制用户只能访问自己的主目录，而不能访问其他的目录：

adduser 创建用户，设置密码，使能下面两句

chroot_list_enable=YES                             用一个列表来限定哪些用户只能在自己目录下活动

chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list       指定用户列表文件

在etc下建立vsftpd文件夹chroot_list文件，在文件中写入上述的用户名。

 

3、目录配置

ubuntu下可能要建立/var/ftp/pub  这个目录；

可以使用useradd -d  ftp目录名 用户名创建新的ftp账户，如果没提示创建密码，使用passwd ftp账户名来创建密码。这样以来新建立的ftp账目，ftp目录就可以自主设定了。

 

4、启动配置

ubuntu的etc/init.d/rcS可能要添加vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &语句；

又或者：

启动ftp：service vsftpd start

关闭ftp：service vsftpd stop

重启ftp：service vsftp restart

 

5、ubuntu下建立新的用户

使用adduser+用户名指令建立，会要求设置用户密码。

 

6、目录权限

ftp+IP登录ubuntu后，lcd查看本地ftp工作目录，pwd查看ubuntu的ftp工作目录；

对于ubuntu的ftp目录因权限拒绝下载和上传时候，注意修改权限。