,World Cup matches are controlled by officials from all countries affiliated with FIFA, not just those that qualify as competitors. Official FIFA patches for sewing on the officials’ shirts The referee times the game with a watch. TOUCHLINE HELPERS Men and women officiate at top-level soccer games. The first linesmen waved a handkerchief to alert the referee. Assistant referees today use a flag. They wave the flag when a player is offside, when the ball is out of play, and when they have seen an infringement on the field. The referee has to be fit to keep up with play on the field. The first referees wore plus-two trousers. Blazer with pockets for a stopwatch and notebook HOW TO BE A REFEREE This illustration from the cover of a 1906 book entitled How to Be a Referee shows the typical referee’s clothing of that period. After taking a qualifying exam, referees usually start out at amateur level. They are assessed regularly to ensure that standards remain high. Today’s top referees are now professional. They earn good salaries for officiating top games. 15 The field can look forward to playing their first game This Samuel Brand?o painting on a smooth green field. If a field is not of Rio de Janeiro shows football looked after, it soon becomes muddy and being played on bare earth. uneven, especially if cold, wet weather sets in. Groundskeepers try to keep the fields in good condition with the help of new species of grass and good drainage. In many northern European countries, soccer takes a midwinter break during the worst conditions,.
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