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正向、反向代理图解和squid安装配置

分类： LINUX

2016-09-06 18:50:58

squid既可以做正向代理，也可以做反向代理：

软件获取地址：
一、软件编译

（1）优化linux内核参数：文件描述符、对外端口连接范围、time_wait sockets快速回收等：
如果想永久变更需要修改/etc/security/limits.conf 文件，如下：
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
* hard nofile 102400
* soft nofile 102400
保存退出后重新登录，其最大文件描述符已经被永久更改了。

（2）安装依赖包， perl、gcc、awk、 gcc-c++、net-snmp、net-snmp-utils、libtool，利用rpm进行检查，如果系统没有预装，就利用yum安装；通互联网的话可以使用互联网的yum源，内网可以使用公司自己的，配置方法：在/etc/yum.repos.d目录就编辑一个文件CentOS.repo，就这几行：

（3）编译软件

把文件上传至服务器的opt目录，然后解压：tar –xzvf squid-3.5.19.tar.gz；进入解压后的目录，执行./configure -–prefix=/opt/squid_install --enable-useragent-log -- enable-referer-log  -- enable-htcp ，如果中间无报错则执行make，如果make无报错则执行make install，整个过程大概需要半个小时。

注：

编译安装的原因：虽然RPM或者预编译的packages能节省一些时间（linux软件安装的三种方式的前两种），但它们也有一些弊端，他们可能包括了某些自己不需要的功能，而且，squid的./configure脚本侦察系统中的特定参数，这些在系统中的参数可能与编译它的机器的参数不同。
二、软件配置

       软件部署到了/opt/squid_install/，目录结构：

./sbin ——启动命令执行文件

./etc ——配置文件

./var ——日志、cache

./bin ——清除缓存、计算命中率的命令

./share

./libexec

（1）正向代理配置（105网段的代理服务器供扫描器扫描使用）

默认安装完的配置是正向代理的基础配置，可以修改部分参数，如：port、cache_dir、access_log、logfile_rotate、 cache_mem、acl等等；

（2）反向代理配置（106网段的代理服务器供外部互联网用户访问使用）

cache_peer 172.16.1.197 parent 8080 0 no-query originserver round-robin

http_port 8081 accel vhost vport

http_access allow all——这行到到http_access deny all的上面

如果有多个代理节点，可以配置负载均衡环境。

（3）acl配置

acl adserver src 192.168.106.0/24

http_access deny adserver

可以对源地址、目的地址的访问设置访问控制列表。

三、运行测试

1、修改完配置文件之后，执行检查配置文件：./squid –k parse （每次修改配置文件都要执行一次）

2、如果是首次运行，必须执行创建cache：./squid –z

3、启动：./squid

如果是重启、关闭等，就用./squid –k shutdown等，一般常用的有：-k rotate,-k reconfigure, 其中注意事项是，squid启动、关闭时，都需要10秒左右的时间，执行的时候不要太着急，注意看cache_log。

4、日志查询

tail –f ./access_log

tail –f ./cache_log

可以看到系统是否有异常和代理访问执行情况：

四、启动过程

  1. [mss@lossan etc]$ ../sbin/squid -k parse
  2. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initializing Authentication Schemes ...
  3. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'basic'
  4. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'digest'
  5. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'negotiate'
  6. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'ntlm'
  7. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Startup: Initialized Authentication.
  8. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing Configuration File: /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/etc/squid.conf (depth 0)
  9. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16 # RFC1918 possible internal network
  10. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl localnet src fc00::/7 # RFC 4193 local private network range
  11. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl localnet src fe80::/10 # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
  12. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl SSL_ports port 443
  13. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 80 # http
  14. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp
  15. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 443 # https
  16. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher
  17. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais
  18. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports
  19. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt
  20. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http
  21. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker
  22. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http
  23. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: acl CONNECT method CONNECT
  24. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access deny !Safe_ports
  25. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
  26. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access allow localhost manager
  27. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access deny manager
  28. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access allow localnet
  29. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access allow localhost
  30. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_access deny all
  31. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: http_port 3128
  32. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: coredump_dir /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/cache/squid
  33. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080
  34. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440
  35. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0
  36. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320
  37. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: access_log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  38. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: cache_log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/cache.log
  39. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: logfile_rotate 10
  40. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: cache_mgr yangkai#chinamobilesz.com
  41. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: request_header_max_size 64 KB
  42. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: request_body_max_size 0
  43. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: cache_mem 20000 MB
  44. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: workers 8
  45. 2016/09/06 15:57:07| Processing: cpu_affinity_map process_numbers=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 cores=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8


  48. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  49. [msss@le-scan logs]$ tail -f cache.log
  50. 2016/09/06 15:57:26| Set Current Directory to /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/cache/squid
  51. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  52. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  53. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  54. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Adaptation support is off.
  55. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Store logging disabled
  56. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 8
  57. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 9
  58. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  59. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  60. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  61. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  62. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  63. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Adaptation support is off.
  64. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Store logging disabled
  65. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  66. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  67. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  68. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  69. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  70. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  71. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  72. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Adaptation support is off.
  73. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Adaptation support is off.
  74. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  75. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  76. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Store logging disabled
  77. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  78. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Store logging disabled
  79. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Adaptation support is off.
  80. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  81. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  82. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Store logging disabled
  83. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  84. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  85. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  86. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  87. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  88. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Adaptation support is off.
  89. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  90. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  91. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  92. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Store logging disabled
  93. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  94. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  95. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  96. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  97. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  98. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  99. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  100. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Adaptation support is off.
  101. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  102. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  103. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  104. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Store logging disabled
  105. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  106. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  107. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  108. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  109. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Adaptation support is off.
  110. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| HTCP Disabled.
  111. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  112. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Store logging disabled
  113. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  114. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  115. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  116. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  117. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  118. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  119. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  120. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  121. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  122. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| HTCP Disabled.
  123. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  124. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| HTCP Disabled.
  125. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  126. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| HTCP Disabled.
  127. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| HTCP Disabled.
  128. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| HTCP Disabled.
  129. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| HTCP Disabled.
  130. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Logfile: opening log /opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log
  131. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| WARNING: log name now starts with a module name. Use 'stdio:/opt/proxy_security/squid_intall/var/logs/access.log'
  132. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
  133. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Adaptation support is off.
  134. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Store logging disabled
  135. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| DNS Socket created at [::], FD 11
  136. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 13
  137. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Adding nameserver 8.8.8.8 from /etc/resolv.conf
  138. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Adding nameserver 114.114.114.114 from /etc/resolv.conf
  139. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| HTCP Disabled.
  140. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  141. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  142. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  143. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  144. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  145. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  146. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  147. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  148. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid9| Finished loading MIME types and icons.
  149. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid2| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  150. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid8| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  151. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid7| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  152. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid5| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  153. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid6| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  154. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid1| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  155. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid4| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1
  156. 2016/09/06 15:57:26 kid3| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=[::]:3128 remote=[::] FD 18 flags=1

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