nginx介绍以及编译安装

nginx:     功能：web服务，web代理 ，smtp反向代理

yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
groupadd nginx
useradd –g nginx –s /bin/false –M nginx

# tar xvf nginx-1.1.3.tar.gz
#cd nginx-1.1.3.tar.gz
# ./configure \
  --prefix=/usr \
  --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
  --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
  --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
  --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
  --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  \
  --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
  --user=nginx \
  --group=nginx \
  --with-http_ssl_module \
  --with-http_flv_module \
  --with-http_stub_status_module \
  --with-http_gzip_static_module \
  --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
  --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
  --with-pcre  支持Perl

若要其他的可以用./configure –help

#make
 #make install

安装好后启动nginx，由于启动时没有脚本自己写放在/etc/init.d/：

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
   for opt in $options; do
       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
               # echo "creating" $value
               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
           fi
       fi
   done
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

保存设置执行权限

#chown +x /etc/init.d/ngixd

配置文件介绍：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;      CPU核数有关，能增强并行处理能力

#error_log  logs/error.log;  错误日志
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;   不同级别的错误日志
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {        允许并发连接数
worker_connections  1024; 最大连接数
}


http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;  针对小文件访问，有良好的速率
#tcp_nopush     on;

#keepalive_timeout  0;
keepalive_timeout  65;   超时时间

#gzip  on;    压缩传输

server {       单独定义主机，也可以定义虚拟主机
listen       80;
server_name  localhost; 主机名

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

location / {       定义在哪个目录设置访问匹配权限
root   html;         网页在html子目录下
index  index.html index.htm;
}

#error_page  404              /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root   html;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    proxy_pass
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    root           html;
#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#    include        fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
#    deny  all;
#}
}


# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
#    listen       8000;
#    listen       somename:8080;
#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

#    location / {
#        root   html;
#        index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}


# HTTPS server
#
#server {
#    listen       443;
#    server_name  localhost;

#    ssl                  on;
#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

#    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

#    location / {
#        root   html;
#        index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}

}

介绍一些其他的upstream反向代理

upstream name {
                 server IP:80 weight=3;
                 server IP:80 ;
                }

location 某个网页位置中的某个文件的访问权限

      location [ =|~|~*|^~|@]

          =表示精确匹配

          不带任何符号模糊匹配

          ~ 区分大小写的正则表达式

         ~* 不区分大小写正则表达式

          ^~ 禁用正则表达式

      对于特定子目录的优先级高

What is FastCGIFastCGI

    is a high-speed and scalable interface for communicating with the web server scripting language. FastCGI is supported by many scripting languages, including php, if it is compiled with the option - --enable-fastcgi. It is supported by most popular web servers, including Apache (mod_fastcgi and mod_fcgid), Zeus, nginx and lighttpd. The main advantage of FastCGI is isolating the dynamic language from the web server. The technology, among other things, allows you to run a web server and dynamic language for the different hosts, which improves scalability and also aids security without a significant loss of productivity.PHP-FPM works on with any web server that supports FastCGI.

启动服务：service ngixd start 其中ngixd是编写的脚步的名字

[root@squid2 nginx]# netstat -ntulp |grep nginx
  tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      12713/nginx.conf

压力测试