RAC ORACLE 官方文档资料
Targets :
1,how to administer Oracle Clusterware components such as the voting disk and OCR devices,
2,how to administer storage
3,how to use RAC scalability features to add and delete instance and nodes
4,how to use RMAN
5,how to perform backup and recovery in RAC;
6,how the AWR (Automatic Workload Repository) tracks and reports service levels
7,how you can user service level thresholds and alerts to improve high availability in your RAC environment
8,how to make your applications highly available using Oracle Clusterware
9,how to momitor and tune performance in RAC environment by using Oracle Enterprise Manager,and by using
information in AWR and Oracle Database performance views
10,provides some application-specific deployment techniques for online transaction processing (OLTP) and data
warehousing (DW) environment;
voting disk 要配置好几个？ CSS 会不表决磁盘出问题的时候，在这几个表决磁盘之间切换。
To botain the benefits of multiple voting diskd, you must configure at least three voting disks.
OCR 也要配置多个。 如果OCR出了问题，可以用ocrconfig工具调整。
CVU :Cluster Verification Utility
帮助你确定你的系统是否满足安装RAC的要求。
VIPCA:
The pages for this assistant lets you configure virtual internet protocol addresses for your RAC database;
RAC and Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) support ASM and Oracle Managed Files(OMF);
安装完之后要把补丁
Hardware Requirements for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters
External shared disks for storing the Oracle Clusterware(OCR and voting disk)files,and database files.
Note:
Oracle Clusterware software cannot be installed on Oracle Cluster File System(OCFS).
Oracle Clusterware can be installed on network-attached storage(NAS).
ASM:
成千上万的数据库文件
a small number of disk groups
A disk group is a set of disk devices that ASM manages as s single logical unit;
a disk group can contain between 1 to 10000 disk devices;
redundant array of independent disks (RAID)
logical volume manager (LVM)
定义一个failure group
you define the failure groups in a disk group when you create or alter the disk group.
ASM's Redundancy Levels :
1,External redundancy
this are not mirrored by ASM ,but when
a,The disk group contains devices ,such as RAID devices,that provides their own data protection
b,Your use of the database does not require uninterrupted access to data. eg:a development
environment where you have a suitable backup strategy;
2,Normal redundancy
by default ,the contents of the disk group are two-way mirrored.
you must specify at least two failure groups (a minimum of two devices)
The effective disk space of a disk group that uses normal redundancy is
half the total disk space of all of its devices;
3,High redundancy
by default ,the contents of the disk group are three-way mirrored.
you must specify at least three failure groups (a minimum of three devices)
The effective disk space of a disk group that uses high redundancy is
one-third of the total disk space of all of its devices;
Shared Storage for Database Recovery Area:
When you configure a database recovery area in a RAC environment,the database recovery
area must be on shared storage.
When DBCA configures automatic disk backup,it uses a database recovery area that must
be shared;
also the recovery area can be shared through OCFS,ASM
Simplify RAC database management:
1,EM
2,Automatic undo management,this feature automatically undo processing.
3,Automatic segment-space management,this feature automatically manages segment freelists
and freelist groups.
4,Locally managed tablespaces,this feature enhances space management performance.
All instances in RAC environments share the control file,server parameter file,redo
log files,and all data files.
These files reside on a shared cluster file system or no shared disks.
Each instance also has its own set of redo log files.During failure,
shared access to redo log files enables surviving instances to performance recovery.
Cloning Oracle Clusterware Homes:
clone an Oracle Clusterware home on multiple nodes.
1,On the source node,install Oracle Clusterware software,All required root scripts must run successfully.
2,As root,create a tar file of the Oracle Clusterware home
3,On the target node,create an Oracle Clusterware home,and copy the Oracle Clusterware tar file from
the source node to the target node Oracle Clusterware home.
4,As root,uncompress the tar file.
5,Run OUI in clone mode,as described in Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch User's Guide.
6,Run root scripts.
7,Repeat steps 1 through 6 on each node that you want to add to the cluster,On the last node that
you install,run the tool oicfg to configure the network interfaces;
Cloning RAC Home:
Complete the following tasks to Clone a RAC database image on multiple nodes.
1,On the source node,install a RAC database Oracle home.All required root scripts must run successfully.
Do not create a database ,and do not run any configuration tools.
2,As root,create a tar file of the RAC database Oracle home.
3,On the target node,create an Oracle home directory for the RAC database,and copy the RAC database
tar from the source node to the target node Oracle home.
4,Create required Oracle users and groups,ensuring that you use the same names,user ID numbers and
group ID numbers as those on the source node.
5,As root ,uncompress the tar file.
6,Run OUI in clone mode,as described in Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch User's Guide.
7,Run root scripts.
8,Repeat stepts 1 through 7 for each node that you want to add to the cluster.
9,Run the configuration assistant NetCA on a local node of the cluster,and provide a list when prompted
of all nodes that are part of the cluster,This procedure creates the listener.
10,Run the configuration assistant DBCA to create the database.
11,Follow post-cloning phase instructions as provided in Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch User's
Guide.
