配置过程如下：
分析架构：如果ld是单一节点，那么这个ld挂了，整个架构也就挂了，所以我们这里必须考虑到High Availabiliity（HA），我们这里就是通过keepalived这个高可用软件来实现的。
1.客户端配置：
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.18.106
#route add default gw 192.168.18.254
2.Router端配置：
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.18.254
#ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.19.100
打开包转发
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
3.分发器Master的配置：
安装lvs到分发器上面
配置好yum源，保证能够读取到介质中的Cluster目录！
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/aa.repo
[aa]
name=aa
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[Cluster]
name=cluster
baseurl=file:///media/Cluster
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#yum -y install ipvsadm
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.19.300
安装keepalived，并通过其绑定VTP
#tar zxf keepalived-1[1].1.17.tar.gz
#yum install gcc openssl-devel kernel-devel ipvsadm -y (不装一会安装会有问题)
#ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux(这条不能复制粘贴，因为要看你机器的内核版本，可以粘过去进行tab键补齐）
#cd keepalived-1.1.17
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make
#make install
安装后，把人家提供好的文件进行对应的复制！
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#mkdir -pv /etc/keepalived
mkdir: 已创建目录“/etc/keepalived”
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
#ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
删减自定义配置文件就行：
#vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id dr1
}
vrrp_sync_group http {
group {
apache
}
}
vrrp_instance apache {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 180
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.19.250
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.19.50 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
# persistence_timeout 3600
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.19.101 80{
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.19.102 80{
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
启动服务
#/etc/init.d/keepalived start
4.分发器Backup的配置：
安装lvs到分发器上面
配置好yum源，保证能够读取到介质中的Cluster目录！
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/aa.repo
[aa]
name=aa
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[Cluster]
name=cluster
baseurl=file:///media/Cluster
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#yum -y install ipvsadm
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.19.200
安装keepalived，并通过其绑定VTP
#tar zxf keepalived-1[1].1.17.tar.gz
#yum install gcc openssl-devel kernel-devel ipvsadm -y (不装一会安装会有问题)
#ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux(这条不能复制粘贴，因为要看你机器的内核版本，可以粘过去进行tab键补齐）
#cd keepalived-1.1.17
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make
#make install
安装后，把人家提供好的文件进行对应的复制！
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#mkdir -pv /etc/keepalived
mkdir: 已创建目录“/etc/keepalived”
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
#ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
删减自定义配置文件就行：
#vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id dr2 #（这里名字注意要和master的不一样就行）
}
vrrp_sync_group http {
group {
apache
}
}
vrrp_instance apache {
state BACKUP #（这里要改成backup，备机）
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #（这里级别要比主机低点就好）
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.19.250
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.19.50 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
# persistence_timeout 3600
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.19.101 80{
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.19.102 80{
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
5.real server的配置：
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.19.100
绑定VTP：利用脚本来实现：
#!/bin/bash
VIP=192.168.19.250
ROUTE=192.168.19.100
start() {
ifconfig lo:0 $VIP/32 broadcast $VIP up
route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
route add default gw $ROUTE
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo start;
}
stop() {
route del default gw $ROUTE
route del -host $VIP dev lo:0
ifconfig lo:0 down
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo stop;
}
case $1 in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo 'start | stop'
esac
把这个脚本放到/etc/init.d/下面
启动：/etc/init.d/vip.sh start
其他real server的配置同理
6.到master主机上面验证:
测试第一步：查看绑定的VTP
#ip add sh
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:a6:09:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.19.300/24 brd 192.168.19.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.19.250/32 scope global eth0c
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea6:910/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
测试第二步，查看real server的连通性
l#elinks --dump
102
#elinks --dump
101
测试第三步，查看ipvsadm 规则
#ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.19.250:80 rr
-> 192.168.19.101:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.19.102:80 Route 1 0 0
测试第四步，同客户端测试
[root@~]# elinks --dump
101
[root@~]# elinks --dump
102
[root@~]# elinks --dump
101
[root@~]# elinks --dump
102启动BACKUP
ld2#/etc/init.d/keepalived start
启动 keepalived： [确定]
关闭master上的keepalived，模拟失败
再在client上测试，看访问能否继续！
如果没有问题，在real server（192.168.19.101）上关闭服务
ld1#ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.19.250:80 rr
-> 192.168.19.102:80 Route 1 0 0
ld1#ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.19.250:80 rr
-> 192.168.19.101:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.19.102:80 Route 1 0 0
解决无用的广播包太多，造成ld无法绑定vip
ld1上执行
iptables -F
iptables -A INPUT -m ttl --ttl-eq 255 -j REJECT
iptables -I INPUT -s $ld2ip -j ACCEPT
ld2上执行
iptables -F
iptables -A INPUT -m ttl --ttl-eq 255 -j REJECT
iptables -I INPUT -s $ld1ip -j ACCEPT
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