[windows平台] 获得当前的调用堆栈

1. 获得当前的调用堆栈. < 请参考下面的函数实现 _printCallStark >

在当前线程去获得自己的调用堆栈, 我的做法是借助异常机制, 获得当前线程的下上文.然后通过 API 函数 StackWalk 遍历. 

如果不是当前线程是否可以借助 API 函数 GetThreadContext 去获得指定线程的上下文. 不知道各位网友有没有验证过, 我觉得可行, 但还没有去验证.

< 注释：如果想了解更详细的信息, 建议直接去看 msdn >

大家都是程序员, 废话不多说, 请参考下面的样例代码：

#include <string>
#include <assert.h>

#include "Windows.h"
#include "dbghelp.h"
#pragma comment(lib,"Dbghelp.lib")
bool _printCallStark(DWORD MachineType, _EXCEPTION_POINTERS * lpEP)
{
    if( ! lpEP || ! SymInitialize( GetCurrentProcess(), NULL, TRUE ) )
    {
        return false;
    }

    STACKFRAME stackFrame = { 0 };
    stackFrame.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
    stackFrame.AddrPC.Offset = lpEP->ContextRecord->Eip;
    stackFrame.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
    stackFrame.AddrStack.Offset = lpEP->ContextRecord->Esp;
    stackFrame.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
    stackFrame.AddrFrame.Offset = lpEP->ContextRecord->Ebp;

    const static size_t MAX_DEPTH = 30;
    const static size_t MIN_INDEX = 3;
    size_t index = 0;
    while ( StackWalk (
        MachineType, GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentThread(),
        &stackFrame, lpEP->ContextRecord, NULL,
        SymFunctionTableAccess, SymGetModuleBase, NULL )/*StackWalk*/)
    {
        if ( index++ < MIN_INDEX ) continue ;
        if ( index   > MAX_DEPTH ) break ;
        assert( stackFrame.AddrFrame.Offset != 0);

        const size_t BUF_LEN = 1024;
        unsigned char * symbolBuffer = new unsigned char[sizeof( SYMBOL_INFO ) + BUF_LEN];
        PSYMBOL_INFO pSymbol = reinterpret_cast<PSYMBOL_INFO>(symbolBuffer);
        pSymbol->SizeOfStruct = sizeof( SYMBOL_INFO );
        pSymbol->MaxNameLen = BUF_LEN;

        SymFromAddr( GetCurrentProcess(), stackFrame.AddrPC.Offset, 0, pSymbol );

        IMAGEHLP_LINE lineInfo = { sizeof(IMAGEHLP_LINE) };
        DWORD dwLineDisplacement;
        SymGetLineFromAddr(
GetCurrentProcess(), stackFrame.AddrPC.Offset,
&dwLineDisplacement, &lineInfo );

        char cstrInfo[256] = {0};
        sprintf_s(cstrInfo,"%s(%d) : [threadID=%d] [function=%s]\n",
lineInfo.FileName, lineInfo.LineNumber,
GetCurrentThreadId(), pSymbol->Name );
        OutputDebugStringA( cstrInfo );

        delete[]symbolBuffer; symbolBuffer = NULL;
    }

    if( ! SymCleanup( GetCurrentProcess() ) )
    {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

void printCallStark()
{
    __try
    {
        throw "";
    }
    __except( _printCallStark(
        IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386,
        GetExceptionInformation() )/*printCallStark*/)
    {
        printf( "Some exception occures.\n" );
    }
}

简单的测试代码：

void test_function()
{
    printCallStark();
}

int main()
{
    test_function();
    return 0;
}

输出结果如下, 双击定位到源文件相关位置.

d:\src-project\basictest\basictest\main.cpp(77) : [threadID=10184] [function=test_function]
d:\src-project\basictest\basictest\main.cpp(82) : [threadID=10184] [function=main]
f:\sp\vctools\crt_bld\self_x86\crt\src\crtexe.c(597) : [threadID=10184] [function=__tmainCRTStartup]
f:\sp\vctools\crt_bld\self_x86\crt\src\crtexe.c(414) : [threadID=10184] [function=mainCRTStartup]
(null)(0) : [threadID=10184] [function=BaseThreadInitThunk]
(null)(0) : [threadID=10184] [function=RtlInitializeExceptionChain]
(null)(0) : [threadID=10184] [function=RtlInitializeExceptionChain]
程序“[7272] basicTest.exe: 本机”已退出，返回值为 0 (0x0)。