1. 驱动代码
列代码:(韦东山老师的,比较详细),有时间再总结。
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#include <linux/module.h>
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#include <linux/kernel.h>
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#include <linux/errno.h>
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#include <linux/string.h>
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#include <linux/mm.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/delay.h>
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#include <linux/fb.h>
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#include <linux/init.h>
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#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
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#include <linux/interrupt.h>
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#include <linux/workqueue.h>
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#include <linux/wait.h>
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#include <linux/platform_device.h>
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#include <linux/clk.h>
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#include <asm/io.h>
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#include <asm/uaccess.h>
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#include <asm/div64.h>
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#include <asm/mach/map.h>
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#include <asm/arch/regs-lcd.h>
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#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
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#include <asm/arch/fb.h>
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static int s3c_lcdfb_setcolreg(unsigned int regno, unsigned int red,
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unsigned int green, unsigned int blue,
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unsigned int transp, struct fb_info *info);
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struct lcd_regs {
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unsigned long lcdcon1;
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unsigned long lcdcon2;
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unsigned long lcdcon3;
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unsigned long lcdcon4;
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unsigned long lcdcon5;
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unsigned long lcdsaddr1;
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unsigned long lcdsaddr2;
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unsigned long lcdsaddr3;
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unsigned long redlut;
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unsigned long greenlut;
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unsigned long bluelut;
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unsigned long reserved[9];
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unsigned long dithmode;
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unsigned long tpal;
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unsigned long lcdintpnd;
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unsigned long lcdsrcpnd;
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unsigned long lcdintmsk;
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unsigned long lpcsel;
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};
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static struct fb_ops s3c_lcdfb_ops = {
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.owner = THIS_MODULE,
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.fb_setcolreg = s3c_lcdfb_setcolreg,
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.fb_fillrect = cfb_fillrect,
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.fb_copyarea = cfb_copyarea,
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.fb_imageblit = cfb_imageblit,
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};
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static struct fb_info *s3c_lcd;
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static volatile unsigned long *gpbcon;
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static volatile unsigned long *gpbdat;
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static volatile unsigned long *gpccon;
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static volatile unsigned long *gpdcon;
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static volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
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static volatile struct lcd_regs* lcd_regs;
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static u32 pseudo_palette[16];
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/* from pxafb.c */
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static inline unsigned int chan_to_field(unsigned int chan, struct fb_bitfield *bf)
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{
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chan &= 0xffff;
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chan >>= 16 - bf->length;
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return chan << bf->offset;
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}
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static int s3c_lcdfb_setcolreg(unsigned int regno, unsigned int red,
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unsigned int green, unsigned int blue,
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unsigned int transp, struct fb_info *info)
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{
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unsigned int val;
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if (regno > 16)
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return 1;
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/* 用red,green,blue三原色构造出val */
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val = chan_to_field(red, &info->var.red);
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val |= chan_to_field(green, &info->var.green);
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val |= chan_to_field(blue, &info->var.blue);
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//((u32 *)(info->pseudo_palette))[regno] = val;
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pseudo_palette[regno] = val;
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return 0;
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}
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static int lcd_init(void)
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{
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/* 1. 分配一个fb_info */
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s3c_lcd = framebuffer_alloc(0, NULL);
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/* 2. 设置 */
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/* 2.1 设置固定的参数 */
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strcpy(s3c_lcd->fix.id, "mylcd");
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s3c_lcd->fix.smem_len = 240*320*16/8;
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s3c_lcd->fix.type = FB_TYPE_PACKED_PIXELS;
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s3c_lcd->fix.visual = FB_VISUAL_TRUECOLOR; /* TFT */
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s3c_lcd->fix.line_length = 240*2;
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/* 2.2 设置可变的参数 */
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s3c_lcd->var.xres = 240;
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s3c_lcd->var.yres = 320;
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s3c_lcd->var.xres_virtual = 240;
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s3c_lcd->var.yres_virtual = 320;
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s3c_lcd->var.bits_per_pixel = 16;
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/* RGB:565 */
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s3c_lcd->var.red.offset = 11;
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s3c_lcd->var.red.length = 5;
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s3c_lcd->var.green.offset = 5;
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s3c_lcd->var.green.length = 6;
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s3c_lcd->var.blue.offset = 0;
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s3c_lcd->var.blue.length = 5;
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s3c_lcd->var.activate = FB_ACTIVATE_NOW;
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/* 2.3 设置操作函数 */
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s3c_lcd->fbops = &s3c_lcdfb_ops;
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/* 2.4 其他的设置 */
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s3c_lcd->pseudo_palette = pseudo_palette;
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//s3c_lcd->screen_base = ; /* 显存的虚拟地址 */
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s3c_lcd->screen_size = 240*324*16/8;
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/* 3. 硬件相关的操作 */
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/* 3.1 配置GPIO用于LCD */
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gpbcon = ioremap(0x56000010, 8);
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gpbdat = gpbcon+1;
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gpccon = ioremap(0x56000020, 4);
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gpdcon = ioremap(0x56000030, 4);
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gpgcon = ioremap(0x56000060, 4);
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*gpccon = 0xaaaaaaaa; /* GPIO管脚用于VD[7:0],LCDVF[2:0],VM,VFRAME,VLINE,VCLK,LEND */
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*gpdcon = 0xaaaaaaaa; /* GPIO管脚用于VD[23:8] */
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*gpbcon &= ~(3); /* GPB0设置为输出引脚 */
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*gpbcon |= 1;
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*gpbdat &= ~1; /* 输出低电平 */
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*gpgcon |= (3<<8); /* GPG4用作LCD_PWREN */
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/* 3.2 根据LCD手册设置LCD控制器, 比如VCLK的频率等 */
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lcd_regs = ioremap(0x4D000000, sizeof(struct lcd_regs));
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/* bit[17:8]: VCLK = HCLK / [(CLKVAL+1) x 2], LCD手册P14
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* 10MHz(100ns) = 100MHz / [(CLKVAL+1) x 2]
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* CLKVAL = 4
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* bit[6:5]: 0b11, TFT LCD
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* bit[4:1]: 0b1100, 16 bpp for TFT
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* bit[0] : 0 = Disable the video output and the LCD control signal.
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*/
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lcd_regs->lcdcon1 = (4<<8) | (3<<5) | (0x0c<<1);
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#if 1
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/* 垂直方向的时间参数
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* bit[31:24]: VBPD, VSYNC之后再过多长时间才能发出第1行数据
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* LCD手册 T0-T2-T1=4
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* VBPD=3
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* bit[23:14]: 多少行, 320, 所以LINEVAL=320-1=319
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* bit[13:6] : VFPD, 发出最后一行数据之后,再过多长时间才发出VSYNC
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* LCD手册T2-T5=322-320=2, 所以VFPD=2-1=1
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* bit[5:0] : VSPW, VSYNC信号的脉冲宽度, LCD手册T1=1, 所以VSPW=1-1=0
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*/
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lcd_regs->lcdcon2 = (3<<24) | (319<<14) | (1<<6) | (0<<0);
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/* 水平方向的时间参数
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* bit[25:19]: HBPD, VSYNC之后再过多长时间才能发出第1行数据
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* LCD手册 T6-T7-T8=17
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* HBPD=16
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* bit[18:8]: 多少列, 240, 所以HOZVAL=240-1=239
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* bit[7:0] : HFPD, 发出最后一行里最后一个象素数据之后,再过多长时间才发出HSYNC
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* LCD手册T8-T11=251-240=11, 所以HFPD=11-1=10
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*/
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lcd_regs->lcdcon3 = (16<<19) | (239<<8) | (10<<0);
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/* 水平方向的同步信号
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* bit[7:0] : HSPW, HSYNC信号的脉冲宽度, LCD手册T7=5, 所以HSPW=5-1=4
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*/
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lcd_regs->lcdcon4 = 4;
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#else
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lcd_regs->lcdcon2 = S3C2410_LCDCON2_VBPD(5) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON2_LINEVAL(319) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON2_VFPD(3) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON2_VSPW(1);
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lcd_regs->lcdcon3 = S3C2410_LCDCON3_HBPD(10) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON3_HOZVAL(239) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON3_HFPD(1);
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lcd_regs->lcdcon4 = S3C2410_LCDCON4_MVAL(13) | \
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S3C2410_LCDCON4_HSPW(0);
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#endif
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/* 信号的极性
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* bit[11]: 1=565 format
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* bit[10]: 0 = The video data is fetched at VCLK falling edge
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* bit[9] : 1 = HSYNC信号要反转,即低电平有效
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* bit[8] : 1 = VSYNC信号要反转,即低电平有效
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* bit[6] : 0 = VDEN不用反转
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* bit[3] : 0 = PWREN输出0
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* bit[1] : 0 = BSWP
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* bit[0] : 1 = HWSWP 2440手册P413
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*/
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lcd_regs->lcdcon5 = (1<<11) | (0<<10) | (1<<9) | (1<<8) | (1<<0);
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/* 3.3 分配显存(framebuffer), 并把地址告诉LCD控制器 */
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s3c_lcd->screen_base = dma_alloc_writecombine(NULL, s3c_lcd->fix.smem_len, &s3c_lcd->fix.smem_start, GFP_KERNEL);
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lcd_regs->lcdsaddr1 = (s3c_lcd->fix.smem_start >> 1) & ~(3<<30);
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lcd_regs->lcdsaddr2 = ((s3c_lcd->fix.smem_start + s3c_lcd->fix.smem_len) >> 1) & 0x1fffff;
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lcd_regs->lcdsaddr3 = (240*16/16); /* 一行的长度(单位: 2字节) */
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//s3c_lcd->fix.smem_start = xxx; /* 显存的物理地址 */
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/* 启动LCD */
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lcd_regs->lcdcon1 |= (1<<0); /* 使能LCD控制器 */
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lcd_regs->lcdcon5 |= (1<<3); /* 使能LCD本身 */
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*gpbdat |= 1; /* 输出高电平, 使能背光 */
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/* 4. 注册 */
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register_framebuffer(s3c_lcd);
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return 0;
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}
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static void lcd_exit(void)
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{
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unregister_framebuffer(s3c_lcd);
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lcd_regs->lcdcon1 &= ~(1<<0); /* 关闭LCD本身 */
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*gpbdat &= ~1; /* 关闭背光 */
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dma_free_writecombine(NULL, s3c_lcd->fix.smem_len, s3c_lcd->screen_base, s3c_lcd->fix.smem_start);
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iounmap(lcd_regs);
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iounmap(gpbcon);
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iounmap(gpccon);
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iounmap(gpdcon);
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iounmap(gpgcon);
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framebuffer_release(s3c_lcd);
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}
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module_init(lcd_init);
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module_exit(lcd_exit);
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MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
2. 测试
利用光盘里的patch文件来得到内核文件uImage。
可能出现的问题:
1. make menuconfig去掉原来的驱动程序
-> Device Drivers
-> Graphics support
S3C2410 LCD framebuffer support
2. make uImage
make modules (编译驱动.ko文件之前,必须先执行这条命令,生成模块文件。)
3. 使用新的uImage启动开发板:
tftp 32000000 uImage_nolcd
(不能是30000000,不知道为什么?改成30000000,加载驱动会出现如下问题: )
bootm 32000000
挂接: mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=2 192.168.1.10:/work/nfs_root /mnt
4. 在文件夹 /drivers/video/ 下找到cfbcopyarea.ko, cfbfillrect.ko, cfbimgblt.ko
insmod cfbcopyarea.ko
insmod cfbfillrect.ko
insmod cfbimgblt.ko
insmod lcd.ko
echo hello > /dev/tty1 // 可以在LCD上看见hello
cat lcd.ko > /dev/fb0 // 花屏
5. 修改 /etc/inittab
tty1::askfirst:-/bin/sh
用新内核重启开发板
insmod cfbcopyarea.ko
insmod cfbfillrect.ko
insmod cfbimgblt.ko
insmod lcd.ko
insmod buttons.ko
现象:按下按键 可以出现ls + enter按键,可以看到ls命令,打印出当前目录下的内容。
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(韦老师的)内核的编译:
(1)纯净内核树(用光盘里的)
(2)patch内核 (用光盘里的) patch p1 < ../linux_xxx_patch
(3)配置 cp config_ok .config
(4)make menuconfig
(5)make uImage
(6)make modules
再按照前面的测试步骤,来进行试验。
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