分类:
2009-05-11 11:24:44
exit
EOFarch2
#
# Now back up the archived redo logs to the tape
# device via the "tar" command, then delete them
# from the destination device via the "rm" command.
# You may choose to compress them instead.
#
tar -rvf /dev/rmt/0hc $FILES
rm -f $FILES
#
# Step 3. 备份控制文件到磁盘.
#
svrmgrl <
alter database backup controlfile to
’db01/oracle/CC1/CC1controlfile.bck’;
exit
EOFarch3
#
#
#
tar -rvf /dev/rmt/0hc /db01/oracle/CC1/CC1controlfile.bck
#
# End of hot backup script.
//自动生成开始备份的脚本
set pagesize 0 feedback off
select
’alter tablespace ’||Tablespace_Name||’ begin backup;’
from DBA_TABLESPACES
where Status <> ’INVALID’
spool alter_begin.sql
/
spool off
//自动生成备份结束的脚本
set pagesize 0 feedback off
select
’alter tablespace ’||Tablespace_Name||’ end backup;’
from DBA_TABLESPACES
where Status <> ’INVALID’
spool alter_end.sql
/
spool off
//备份归档日志文件的脚本.
REM See text for alternatives.
# Step 1: Stop the archiving process. This will keep
# additional archived redo log files from being written
# to the destination directory during this process.
#
svrmgrl <
archive log stop;
REM
REM Exit Server Manager using the indicator set earlier.
exit
EOFarch1
#
# Step 2: Record which files are in the destination
# directory.
# Do this by setting an environment variable that is
# equal to the directory listing for the destination
# directory.
# For this example, the log_archive_dest is
# /db01/oracle/arch/CC1.
#
FILES=`ls /db01/oracle/arch/CC1/arch*.dbf`; export FILES
#
# Step 3: Go back into Server Manager and restart the
# archiving process. Set an indicator (called EOFarch2
# in this example).
#
svrmgrl <
archive log start;
exit
EOFarch2
#
# Step 4. Back up the archived redo logs to the tape
# device via the "tar" command, then delete them
# from the destination device via the "rm" command.
#
tar -rvf /dev/rmt/0hc $FILES
#
# Step 5. Delete those files from the destination directory.
#
rm -f $FILES
#
# End of archived redo log file backup script.
REM
REM
REM Back up the RBS tablespace - to another disk (UNIX)
REM
alter tablespace RBS begin backup;
!cp /db02/oracle/CC1/rbs01.dbf /db10/oracle/CC1/backups
alter tablespace RBS end backup;
REM
REM 移动归档日志文件的shell脚本
#
# Procedure for moving archived redo logs to another device
#
svrmgrl <
archive log stop;
!mv /db01/oracle/arch/CC1 /db10/oracle/arch/CC1
archive log start;
exit
EOFarch2
#
# end of archived redo log directory move.
alter database backup controlfile to trace;
//点恢复的例子
connect internal as sysdba
startup mount instance_name;
recover database until time ’
//创建恢复目录
rman rcvcat rman/rman@
RMAN> create catalog tablespace rcvcat;
// 在(NT)下创建恢复目录
RMAN> create catalog tablespace "RCVCAT";
//连接描述符范例
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=
(PROTOCOL=TCP)
(HOST=HQ)
(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT DATA=
(SID=loc)))
// listener.ora 的条目entry
//创建一个控制文件命令到跟踪文件
alter database backup controlfile to trace;
//增加一个新的日志文件组的语句
connect internal as sysdba
alter database
add logfile group 4
(’/db01/oracle/CC1/log_
’/db02/oracle/CC1/log_
alter database
add logfile member ’/db03/oracle/CC1/log_
to group 4;
//在Server Manager上MOUNT并打开一个数据库:
connect internal as sysdba
startup mount ORA1 exclusive;
alter database open;
//生成数据字典
@catalog
@catproc
//在init.ora 中备份数据库的位置
log_archive_dest_1 = ’/db00/arch’
log_archive_dest_state_1 = enable
log_archive_dest_2 = "service=stby.world mandatory reopen=60"
log_archive_dest_state_2 = enable
//对用户的表空间的指定和管理相关的语句
create user USERNAME identified by PASSWORD
default tablespace TABLESPACE_NAME;
alter user USERNAME default tablespace TABLESPACE_NAME;
alter user SYSTEM quota 0 on SYSTEM;
alter user SYSTEM quota
create user USERNAME identified by PASSWORD
default tablespace DATA
temporary tablespace TEMP;
alter user USERNAME temporary tablespace TEMP;
//重新指定一个数据文件的大小 :
alter database
datafile ’/db05/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’ resize
//创建一个自动扩展的数据文件:
create tablespace DATA
datafile ’/db05/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’ size
autoextend ON
next
maxsize
//在表空间上增加一个自动扩展的数据文件:
alter tablespace DATA
add datafile ’/db05/oracle/CC1/data02.dbf’
size
autoextend ON
maxsize
//修改参数:
alter database
datafile ’/db05/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’
autoextend ON
maxsize
//在数据文件移动期间重新命名:
alter database rename file
’/db01/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’ to
’/db02/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’;
alter tablespace DATA rename datafile
’/db01/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’ to
’/db02/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’;
alter database rename file
’/db05/oracle/CC1/redo01CC1.dbf’ to
’/db02/oracle/CC1/redo01CC1.dbf’;
alter database datafile ’/db05/oracle/CC1/data01.dbf’
resize
//创建和使用角色:
create role APPLICATION_USER;
grant CREATE SESSION to APPLICATION_USER;
grant APPLICATION_USER to username;
//回滚段的管理
create rollback segment SEGMENT_NAME
tablespace RBS;
alter rollback segment SEGMENT_NAME offline;
drop rollback segment SEGMENT_NAME;
alter rollback segment SEGMENT_NAME online;
//回滚段上指定事务
commit;
set transaction use rollback segment ROLL_BATCH;
insert into TABLE_NAME
select * from DATA_LOAD_TABLE;
commit;
//查询回滚段的 大小和优化参数
select * from DBA_SEGMENTS
where Segment_Type = ’ROLLBACK’;
select N.Name, /* rollback segment name */
S.OptSize /* rollback segment OPTIMAL size */
from V$ROLLNAME N, V$ROLLSTAT S
where N.USN=S.USN;
//回收回滚段
alter rollback segment R1 shrink to
alter rollback segment R1 shrink;
//例子
set transaction use rollback segment SEGMENT_NAME
alter tablespace RBS
default storage
(initial 125K next 125K minextents 18 maxextents 249)
create rollback segment R4 tablespace RBS
storage (optimal 2250K);
alter rollback segment R4 online;
select Sessions_Highwater from V$LICENSE;
grant select on EMPLOYEE to PUBLIC;
//用户和角色
create role ACCOUNT_CREATOR;
grant CREATE SESSION, CREATE USER, ALTER USER
to ACCOUNT_CREATOR;
alter user THUMPER default role NONE;
alter user THUMPER default role CONNECT;
alter user THUMPER default role all except ACCOUNT_CREATOR;
alter profile DEFAULT
limit idle_time 60;
create profile LIMITED_PROFILE limit
FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 5;
create user JANE identified by EYRE
profile LIMITED_PROFILE;
grant CREATE SESSION to JANE;
alter user JANE account unlock;
alter user JANE account lock;
alter profile LIMITED_PROFILE limit
PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 30;
alter user jane password expire;
//创建操作系统用户
REM Creating OPS$ accounts
create user OPS$FARMER
identified by SOME_PASSWORD
default tablespace USERS
temporary tablespace TEMP;
REM Using identified externally
create user OPS$FARMER
identified externally
default tablespace USERS
temporary tablespace TEMP;
//执行ORAPWD
ORAPWD FILE=filename PASSWORD=password ENTRIES=max_users
create role APPLICATION_USER;
grant CREATE SESSION to APPLICATION_USER;
create role DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
grant select, insert on THUMPER.EMPLOYEE to DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
grant select, insert on THUMPER.TIME_CARDS to DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
grant select, insert on THUMPER.DEPARTMENT to DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
grant APPLICATION_USER to DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
grant DATA_ENTRY_CLERK to MCGREGOR;
grant DATA_ENTRY_CLERK to BPOTTER with admin option;
//设置角色
set role DATA_ENTRY_CLERK;
set role NONE;
//回收权利:
revoke delete on EMPLOYEE from PETER;
revoke all on EMPLOYEE from MCGREGOR;
//回收角色:
revoke ACCOUNT_CREATOR from HELPDESK;
drop user USERNAME cascade;
grant SELECT on EMPLOYEE to MCGREGOR with grant option;
grant SELECT on THUMPER.EMPLOYEE to BPOTTER with grant option;
revoke SELECT on EMPLOYEE from MCGREGOR;
create user MCGREGOR identified by VALUES ’
alter user OPS$FARMER identified by VALUES ’no way’;
//备份与恢复
使用 export 程序
exp system/manager file=expdat.dmp compress=Y owner=(HR,THUMPER)
exp system/manager file=hr.dmp owner=HR indexes=Y compress=Y
imp system/manager file=hr.dmp full=Y buffer=64000 commit=Y
//备份表
exp system/manager FILE=expdat.dmp TABLES=(Thumper.SALES)
//备份分区
exp system/manager FILE=expdat.dmp TABLES=(Thumper.SALES:Part1)
//输入例子
imp system/manager file=expdat.dmp
imp system/manager file=expdat.dmp buffer=64000 commit=Y
exp system/manager file=thumper.dat owner=thumper grants=N
indexes=Y compress=Y rows=Y
imp system/manager file=thumper.dat FROMUSER=thumper TOUSER=flower
rows=Y indexes=Y
imp system/manager file=expdat.dmp full=Y commit=Y buffer=64000
imp system/manager file=expdat.dmp ignore=N rows=N commit=Y buffer=64000
//使用操作系统备份命令
REM TAR examples