简介;
VNC,全称为Virtual NetworkComputing,它是一个桌面共享系统。它的功能,类似于中 的远程桌面功能。VNC使用了 RFB(RemoteFrameBuffer,远程帧缓冲)协议来实现远程控制另外一台计算机。它把键盘、鼠标动作发送到远程计算机,并把远程计算机的屏 幕发回到本地。VNC技术与平台无关,VNC Viewer可以和VNCServer在不同的操作系统上。VNC几乎支持所有的操作系统,也支持Java,甚至可以通过支持Java的来访问 VNCServer。多个VNC客户端可以同时连接到一个VNC Server上。VNC最初由AT&T开发的,它的源代码是开源的。
平台 CentOS 5.5
1.安装
检查linux是否安装有vnc
- [root@localhost .vnc]# rpm -qa |grep vnc
- vnc-4.1.2-14.el5_6.6
- vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_6.6
- [root@localhost .vnc]# rpm -q vnc
- vnc-4.1.2-14.el5_6.6
- [root@localhost .vnc]# rpm -q vnc-server
- vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_6.6
若没有,则安装他们
- [root@localhost ~]# yum install vnc vnc-server
2.需要在每个用户下启动vncserver,生成该用户远程桌面连接时的配置文件以及访问密码,方法就是切换到每个用户,执行 vncserver。
为root用户创建
- [root@localhost .vnc]# vncserver
- You will require a password to access your desktops.
- enter password: #首次运行会让你设置密码,密码要求6位以上
- verify password: #确认密码
- New 'localhost.localdomain:1 (root)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:1
- Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
- Log file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log
为binhoul用户创建
- [root@localhost .vnc]# su - binhoul
- [binhoul@localhost ~]$ vncserver
- You will require a password to access your desktops.
- Password:
- Verify:
- Passwords don't match - try again
- Password:
- Verify:
- xauth: creating new authority file /home/binhoul/.Xauthority
- New 'localhost.localdomain:3 (binhoul)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:3
- Creating default startup script /home/binhoul/.vnc/xstartup
- Starting applications specified in /home/binhoul/.vnc/xstartup
- Log file is /home/binhoul/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:3.log
- [binhoul@localhost ~]$ exit
3.编辑配置脚本文件
- [root@localhost .vnc]# cat xstartup
- #!/bin/sh
- # Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
- # unset SESSION_MANAGER
- # exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
- [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
- [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
- xsetroot -solid grey
- vncconfig -iconic &
- xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
- twm &
其中第13行代表文字模式,若将twm 替换为gnome-session 将会出现图像界面。
4.修改vnc配置文件
- [root@localhost sysconfig]# cat vncservers
- # The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.
- #
- # Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2
- # as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own). You will also
- # need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how
- # to do that.
- #
- # DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
- # untrusted! For a secure way of using VNC, see
- #
- # Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
- # Use "-nohttpd" to prevent web-based VNC clients connecting.
- # Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
- # doing so through a secure tunnel. See the "-via" option in the
- # `man vncviewer' manual page.
- # VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"
- # VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600 -nolisten tcp -nohttpd -localhost"
- VNCSERVERS="1:root 2:binhoul"
- VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768"
- VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768"
其中第23行代表开机启动几个vnc server,实例是两个
设置完成后就可以启动vncserver服务了。
启动失败的原因有:
1./etc/sysconfig/vncservers文件参数不对
2.没有为vncservers提到的用户生成各自的配置文件
3.在生成配置文件后,没有使用命令vncserver -kill :1 将那个进程杀死
5.配置防火墙
VNC客户端通过浏览器或VNC Viewer连接至VNC Server。 其监听端口分别从5800和5900开始,display1 为5801和5901
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 找到下面的语句:
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT –reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
在此行之前,加上下面的内容:
- -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –-state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –-dport 5901 -j ACCEPT
这句话的含义是,允许其它机器访问本机的5901端口,这样,display:1的用户就可以连接到本机。
或者直接将iptables关闭
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