Cheat sheets
Alexander Zeitler’s Git Cheat Sheet
Zach Rusin’s Git Cheat Sheet
http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/git/
Nate Murray’s Git Cheat Sheet
Git – Der Spickzettel (in German)
DZone Git RefCard Cheat Sheet
Sam Collett’s Git Cheat Sheet
A practical git guide
Notes extracted from git screencast at
Configuration
identify yourself to git: email and your name
git config --global user.name "David Beckwith"
git config --global user.email "dbitsolutions@gmail.com"
To view all options:
git config --list
OR
cat .git/config
Set up aliases
git config --global alias.co checkout
View your configuration
cat .gitconfig
To ignore whitespace (Ruby is whitespace insensitive)
git config --global apply.whitespace nowarn
Some nice aliases:
gb = git branch
gba = git branch -a
gc = git commit -v
gd = git diff | mate
gl = git pull
gp = git push
gst = git status
Start using git
git init
Ignoring files
Add a file in the root directory called .gitignore and add some files to it: (comments begin with hash)
*.log db/schema.rb db/schema.sql
Git automatically ignores empty directories. If you want to have a log/ directory, but want to ignore all the files in it, add the following lines to the root .gitignore: (lines beginning with ‘!’ are exceptions)
log/*
!.gitignore
Then add an empty .gitignore in the empty directory:
touch log/.gitignore
Scheduling the addition of all files to the next commit
git add .
Checking the status of your repository
git status
Committing files
git commit -m "First import"
Seeing what files have been committed
git ls-files
Scheduling deletion of a file
git rm [file name]
Committing all changes in a repository
git commit -a
Scheduling the addition of an individual file to the next commit
git add [file name]
Viewing the difference as you commit
git commit -v
Commit and type the message on the command line
git commit -m "This is the message describing the commit"
Commit and automatically get any other changes
git commit -a
A “normal” commit command
git commit -a -v
Viewing a log of your commits
git log
Viewing a log of your commits with a graph to show the changes
git log --stat
Viewing a log with pagination
git log -v
Visualizing git changes
gitk --all
Creating a new tag and pushing it to the remote branch
git tag "v1.3"
git push --tags
Creating a new branch
git branch [name of your new branch]
Pushing the branch to a remote repository
git push origin [new-remote]
Pulling a new branch from a remote repository
git fetch origin [remote-branch]:[new-local-branch]
Viewing branches
git branch
Viewing a list of all existing branches
git branch -a
Switching to another branch
The state of your file system will change after executing this command.
git checkout [name of the branch you want to switch to]
OR
git co [name of the branch you want to switch to]
Making sure changes on master appear in your branch
git rebase master
Merging a branch back into the master branch
First, switch back to the master branch:
git co master
Check to see what changes you’re about to merge together, compare the two branches:
git diff master xyz
If you’re in a branch that’s not the xyz branch and want to merge the xyz branch into it:
git merge xyz
Reverting changes to before said merge
git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD
Resolving conflicts
Remove the markings, add the file, then commit.
Creating a branch (and switching to the new branch) in one line
git checkout -b [name of new branch]
Creating a stash (like a clipboard) of changes to allow you to switch branches without committing
git stash save "Put a message here to remind you of what you're saving to the clipboard"
Switching from the current branch to another
git co [branch you want to switch to]
Do whatever
Then switch back to the stashed branch
git co [the stashed branch]
Viewing a list of stashes
git stash list
Loading back the stash
git stash apply
Now you can continue to work where you were previously.
Deleting a branch (that has been merged back at some point)
git branch -d [name of branch you want to delete]
Deleting an unmerged branch
git branch -D [name of branch you want to delete]
Deleting a stash
git stash clear
Setting up a repository for use on a remote server
Copy up your repository. e.g.:
scp -r my_project deploy@yourbox.com:my_project
Move your files on the remote server to /var/git/my_project
For security make the owner of this project git
On the repository server:
sudo chown -R git:git my_project
Then (for security) restrict the “deploy” user to doing git-related things in /etc/passwd with a git-shell.
Checking out a git repository from a remote to your local storage
git clone git@yourbox.com:/var/git/my_project
Viewing extra info about a remote repository
cat .git/config
By virtue of having cloned the remote repository, your local repository becomes the slave and will track and synchronize with the remote master branch.
Updating a local branch from the remote server
git pull
Downloading a copy of an entire repository (e.g. laptop) without merging into your local branch
git fetch laptop
Merging two local branches (ie. your local xyz branch with your local master branch) USE MERGE
git merge laptop/xyz
This merged the (already copied laptop repository’s xyz branch) with the current branch you’re sitting in.
Viewing metadata about a remote repository
git remote show laptop
Pushing a committed local change from one local branch to another remote branch
git push laptop xyz
Creating a tracking branch (i.e. to link a local branch to a remote branch)
git branch --track local_branch remote_branch
You do not need to specify the local branch if you are already sitting in it.
git pull
Note: You can track(link) different local branches to different remote machines. For example, you can track your friend’s “upgrade” branch with your “bobs_upgrade” branch, and simultaneously you can track the origin’s “master” branch (of your main webserver) with your local “master” branch.
By convention, ‘origin’ is the local name given to the remote centralized server which is the way SVN is usually set up on a remote server.
Seeing which local branches are tracking a remote branch
git remote show origin
Working with a remote Subversion repository (but with git locally)
git-svn clone [http location of an svn repository]
Now you can work with the checked out directory as though it was a git repository. (cuz it is)
Pushing (committing) changes to a remote Subversion repository
git-svn dcommit
Updating a local git repository from a remote Subversion repository
git-svn rebase
NOTE: make sure you have your perl bindings to your local svn installation.
I screwed up, how do I reset my checkout?
