Oracle10gR2 在 CentOS5.3上的安装

Oracle10gR2 在 CentOS5.3上的安装

利用软件：

Vmware，Xmanager, CentOS5.3, Oracle10gR2

 

■安装前准备：

1,察看操作系统版本

[root@centos rpm]# cat /etc/issue

CentOS release 5.3 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

2，察看内核版本

[root@centos rpm]# uname -r

2.6.18-128.el5

3，察看已安装和未安装的包

[root@centos rpm]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-

gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compatlibstdc+-devel control-center glibc libstdc++ libstdc++-dev

el sysstat

gcc-4.1.2-44.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-9.el5

package openmotif is not installed

setarch-2.0-1.1

package compat-db is not installed

package compat-gcc is not installed

package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

package compatlibstdc+-devel is not installed

control-center-2.16.0-16.el5

glibc-2.5-34

libstdc++-4.1.2-44.el5

libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-44.el5

package sysstat is not installed

[root@centos rpm]#

4,从CentOS5的安装盘中找到未安装的包,上传到系统中，安装

源文件..\centos-5.3-i386-bin-dvd.iso\CentOS\

利用WinScp上传到系统上某个路径/root/uploadfile/rpm

[root@centos rpm]# pwd

/root/uploadfile/rpm

[root@centos rpm]# ls

compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm           compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm          openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm      openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm      openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm

compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138.i386.rpm  sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm

[root@centos rpm]#

5，安装上传的包

[root@centos rpm]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

error: Failed dependencies:

        compat-libf2c-34 = 3.4.6-4 is needed by compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386

        libg2c.so.0 is needed by compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386

        libXp.so.6 is needed by openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386

        libXp.so.6 is needed by openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXext-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXft-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXmu-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXp-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXp.so.6 is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libXt-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libjpeg-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

        libpng-devel is needed by openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5.i386

[root@centos rpm]#

安装包有依赖的关系，把所依赖的包再上传一起安装。

经过多次试探后安装

root@centos rpm]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:libXp                  ########################################### [  4%]

   2:compat-gcc-34          ########################################### [  7%]

   3:openmotif              ########################################### [ 11%]

   4:compat-libf2c-34       ########################################### [ 15%]

   5:compat-gcc-34-g77      ########################################### [ 19%]

   6:compat-gcc-34-c++      ########################################### [ 22%]

   7:openmotif22            ########################################### [ 26%]

   8:compat-libstdc++-296   ########################################### [ 30%]

   9:libXau-devel           ########################################### [ 33%]

  10:freetype-devel         ########################################### [ 37%]

  11:fontconfig-devel       ########################################### [ 41%]

  12:libXp-devel            ########################################### [ 44%]

  13:xorg-x11-util-macros   ########################################### [ 48%]

  14:libpng-devel           ########################################### [ 52%]

  15:libjpeg-devel          ########################################### [ 56%]

  16:xorg-x11-proto-devel   ########################################### [ 59%]

  17:libX11-devel           ########################################### [ 63%]

  18:libXext-devel          ########################################### [ 67%]

  19:libXrender-devel       ########################################### [ 70%]

  20:libXft-devel           ########################################### [ 74%]

  21:libICE-devel           ########################################### [ 78%]

  22:libSM-devel            ########################################### [ 81%]

  23:mesa-libGL-devel       ########################################### [ 85%]

  24:libXdmcp-devel         ########################################### [ 89%]

  25:libXt-devel            ########################################### [ 93%]

  26:libXmu-devel           ########################################### [ 96%]

  27:openmotif-devel        ########################################### [100%]

[root@centos rpm]#

6，察看系统内存

[root@centos rpm]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

MemTotal:      1035244 kB

[root@centos rpm]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

SwapTotal:     1052248 kB

所需最小 RAM 为 512MB，而所需最小交换空间为 1GB。对于 RAM 小于或等于 2GB 的系统，交换空间应为 RAM 数量的两倍；对于 RAM 大于 2GB 的系统，交换空间应为 RAM 数量的一到两倍。Oracle 10g 软件还需要 2.5GB 的可用磁盘空间，而数据库则另需 1.2GB 的可用磁盘空间。/tmp 目录至少需要 400MB 的可用空间。要检查系统上的可用磁盘空间，运行以下命令：

[root@centos rpm]# df -h

文件系统              容量  已用 可用 已用% 挂载点

/dev/sda1             6.8G  4.1G  2.4G  63% /

tmpfs                 506M     0  506M   0% /dev/shm

7，配置 Linux 内核参数

以 root 用户身份，修改/etc/sysctl.conf追加

Linux 内核非常出色。与大多数其他 *NIX 系统不同，Linux 允许在系统启动和运行时修改大多数内核参数。完成内核参数更改后不必重新启动系统。Oracle 数据库10g 需要以下所示的内核参数设置。其中给出的是最小值，因此如果您的系统使用的值较大，则不要更改它

[root@centos tmp]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

[root@centos tmp]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

追加

#use for oracle10g
#kernel.shmall = 2097152
#kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144

 

[root@centos tmp]# /sbin/sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

[root@centos tmp]#

以 root 用户身份运行以下命令来验证您的设置

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range

8，为 oracle 用户设置 Shell 限制

在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入以下内容，以修改单个用户允许使用的进程和文件数量
①#vi /etc/security/limits.conf 在尾端添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

②#vi /etc/pam.d/login  在其中添加下面的代码:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

③#vi /etc/selinux/config 确保以下内容
SELINUX=disabled

因为oracle 10g不支持centos,所以修改CentOS 5的版本
④#vi /etc/redhat-release
redhat-4

⑤另外在安装oracle数据库的时候要注意/etc/hosts与/etc/sysconfig/network文件主机名的一致性，否则会在后面运行netca和dbca可能出现错误提示

[root@centos tmp]# more /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1               centos localhost.localdomain localhost

::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

[root@centos tmp]# more /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

HOSTNAME=centos

GATEWAY=192.168.0.1

[root@centos tmp]#

 

■安装

1，  创建oracle用户帐户

[root@centos rpm]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

 [root@centos rpm]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

[root@centos rpm]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle

 [root@centos rpm]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:  oracle

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@centos rpm]#

2，创建目录

[root@centos rpm]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

[root@centos rpm]# mkdir -p /u02/oradata

[root@centos rpm]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle /u02/oradata

[root@centos rpm]# chown -R 775 /u01/app/oracle /u02/oradata

 

3,修改./.bash_profile

[root@centos rpm]# id

uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba)  

追加

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1

export ORACLE_SID=gaudi

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

#用于在window端启动Xmanager显示安装图形界面

DISPLAY=192.168.0.1:0;export DISPLAY

 

4,检查下环境变量是否设对了

-bash-3.2$ id

uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba)

-bash-3.2$ env | grep ORA

ORACLE_SID=gaudi

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.1

-bash-3.2$ env | grep DIS

DISPLAY=192.168.0.1:0 

-bash-3.2$

 

5,拷贝软件

[root@centos rpm]#

mv /root/10201_database_linux32.zip /u01/
unzip /u01/10201_database_linux32.zip

总计 639M

drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4.0K 05-30 08:06 10201_database_linux32

drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4.0K 07-27 23:41 ..

-rwxrwxrwx 1 root   root     638M 07-27 23:41 10201_database_linux32.zip

drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4.0K 07-27 23:44 .

 

6,Windows中启动Xmanager

Xmanager – Passive

 

7,安装

-bash-3.2$ export LANG=en_US  /设置临时环境变量，解决oracle图形界面显示乱码的问题

-bash-3.2$ ./runInstaller

 

8,error

Oui-10033

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/

 

参考文档：

安装文档

http://liulin888.blog.163.com/blog/static/2744218120094351458535/

http://blog.ylike.net/?p=43

Vmware Workstation增加硬盘空间

增加swap分区文件

http://blog.csdn.net/sungblog/archive/2006/09/06/1185965.aspx