一、mysql主从配置
master服务器:192.168.50.216
slave服务器:192.168.50.217
1.master服务器配置
(1)grant replication slave on *.* to identified by 'mysql'
(2)vim /etc/my.cnf
确保有如下行:
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-do-db=reptest //需要备份的数据库名,可写多行
binlog-ignore-db=mysql //不需要备份的数据库名
2.slave服务器配置
(1)vim /etc/my.cnf
确保有如下行:
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host=192.168.50.216
master-user=replication
master-password=mysql
master-port=3306
replicate-do-db=reptest
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
注意:必须手动同步一下主从服务器中要备份的数据库,然后重启主,从服务器
3.验证配置是否正确
(1)登录slave服务器输入如下命令:
mysql> show slave status\G;
确如如下行一致:
Waiting for master to send event
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
在上面启动成功的同时,可能会出现如下错误需要及时去看errorlog
Last_IO_Errno: 2013
Last_IO_Error: error reconnecting to master - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400
这个一般是启动时
Slave_IO_Running: No
随后导致的IO错误,这个可以在errorlog里面查询得到,一般是配置文件不正确导致的,或者Master服务器没有及时同步info导致的,因为Master-slave的同步其实是异步方式
在slave的datadir下会出现一个master.info和一个relay.info
(2)登录master服务器输入如下命令:
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 491 | reptest | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(3)验证:登入master数据库,插入删除数据,查看slave数据是否同步
二、mysql主主配置
在以上配置的基础上添加
master服务器1:192.168.50.216
master服务器2:192.168.50.217
1.配置master服务器1
vim /etc/my.cnf
确保有如下行:
master-host = 192.168.50.217
master-user = replication
master-password = mysql
master-port = 3306
2.配置master服务器2
grant replication slave on *.* to
identified by 'mysql';
3.重启mysql服务器,查看主从相关命令
show master status;
show slave status\G;
slave start
slave stop
show logs
show binlog events
4.常见问题汇总:
(1)保证master的File,Position对应Slave的Master_Log_File,Read_Master_Log_Pos
(2)在slave中新建一张表,但是master中没有出现。
这样做是错误的,只有master中创建的表格以及插入的数据才会同步到slave中,反之不行,而且这样做将会导致slave无法正常工作。
(3)在主主配置中
输入命令mysql>show slave status\G;
如果出现:Last_IO_Error: error reconnecting to master - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400
属正常现象
(4)slave_io_running:yes(网络正常);slave_sql_running:yes(表结构正常)
三、mysql-proxy实现mysql读写分离
1、环境
master服务器1:192.168.50.216
master服务器2:192.168.50.217
proxy服务器:192.168.50.219
2、配置proxy服务器
(1)安装LUA
wget
tar zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.4
vim修改Makefile,使"INSTALL_TOP=/usr/local/lua",这样做的目的是为了是lua的所有文件都安装在目录/usr/local/lua/
(2)安装libevent
wget
tar zxvf libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-1.4.13
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make && make install
(3)设置mysql-proxy所需的环境变量,把下面的内容追加到/etc/profile
export LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib -llua -ldl" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libevent/lib -lm"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
export CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
执行 source /etc/profile
(4)安装mysql(只需要mysql客户端)
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.45.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.45
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-server
make && make install
(5)安装mysql-proxy
wget
cd mysql-proxy-0.6.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-proxy --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-lua
make && make install
(6)验证
1.进入mysql-proxy服务器,执行
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/sbin/mysql-proxy --proxy-address=192.168.50.219:4040 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.50.216:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.50.217:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua&
2.在master1上执行
grant all on *.* to identified by '111111';
flush privileges;
3.任意选一台mysql服务器,执行
mysql -uroot -p111111 -h 192.168.50.219 -P 4040
四、安装布置MMM
环境:MMM服务端:192.168.50.218
MMM客户端:192.168.50.216,192.168.50.217
1.安装MMM服务端,需要以下四个组件
wget
wget
wget
yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL
(1)先安装两个perl包
Algorithm-Diff-1.1902.tar.gz
Proc-Daemon-0.03.tar.gz
perl安装过程
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
(2)安装MMM
./install.pl
2.安装MMM客户端,只需要安装mysql-master-master-1.2.6.tar.gz
./install.pl
三台主机安装以上软件后,即可进行配置
3.先安装两台MMM客户端
$cd /usr/local/mmm/etc
$cp examples/mmm_agent.conf.examples ../mmm_agent.conf
$cp examples/mmm_comment.conf.example ../mmm_common.con
(1) mmm_agent.conf主要内容
bind_port 9989
# Define current server id
this db1
mode master
peer db2
# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 192.168.50.216
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
host db2
ip 192.168.50.217
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
(2)mmm_common.conf主要内容
agent_port 9989
monitor_ip 127.0.0.1
# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 192.168.50.216
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
mode master
peer db2
host db2
ip 192.168.50.217
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
mode master
peer db1
# Define roles that are assigned to the above hosts
# Mysql Reader role
role reader //设置读规则
mode balanced //模式为均摊
servers db1, db2 //规则覆盖db1 db2
ip 192.168.50.243,192.168.50.244 //对应ip 虚拟的IP
# Mysql Writer role
role writer //写规则
mode exclusive //模式为独占
servers db1,db2 //规则负载db1 db2
ip 192.168.50.245 //两台数据库公用一个ip为写,采用HA模式,默认db1使用,db1下线db2接管此ip
(3)设置权限(MMM客户端)
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on *.* to identified by 'repagent';
4.配置MMM服务端
$cd /usr/local/mmm/etc
$cp examples/mmm_mon.conf.examples ../mmm_mon.conf
$cp examples/mmm_comment.conf.example ../mmm_common.conf
(1)mmm_mom.conf保持不变
mmm_common.conf主要内容
cluster_interface eth0
# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 192.168.50.216
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
mode master
peer db2
host db2
ip 192.168.50.217
port 3306
user rep_agent
password repagent
mode master
peer db1
# Define roles that are assigned to the above hosts
# Mysql Reader role
role reader
mode balanced
servers db1, db2
ip 192.168.50.243, 192.168.50.244
# Mysql Writer role
role writer
mode exclusive
servers db1,db2
ip 192.168.50.245
5.MMM测试
(1)启动MMM客户端
/usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_agent start
Starting MMM Agent daemon: MySQL Multi-Master Replication Manager
Version: 1.2.6
Ok
以上信息说明客户端启动正常
(2)启动MMM服务端
/usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_mon start
# mmm_control set_online db1
# mmm_control set_online db2
# mmm_control show 查看分配情况
正常情况下:
# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(192.168.50.216):master/ONLINE.Roles:reader(192.168.50.243;), writer(192.168.50.244;)
db2(192.168.50.217):master/ONLINE.Roles:reader(192.168.50.245;)
停止 192.168.50.217 mysql服务
# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(192.168.50.216): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.50.243;), reader(192.168.50.244;), writer(192.168.50.245;)
db2(192.168.50.217): master/AWAITING_RECOVERY. Roles: None
Telnet 任何一个虚拟IP 3306都是通的
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