首先对数据库进行好必要的设置，将数据库设置为归档模式（archivelog）
$ sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/archive
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 3
Current log sequence 3
SQL>
使用RMAN连接到目标数据库进行备份
$ rman target /
RMAN> list backup of database;
using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
RMAN> show all;
using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/space/orcl9i/dbs/snapcf_beta9i.f'; # default
RMAN> run {
2> backup database format '/space/beta9i/%d_%T_%s' tag='fullbak';
3> sql 'alter system archive log current';
4> }
Starting backup at 25-NOV-05
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=17 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
including current controlfile in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/example01.dbf
input datafile fno=00010 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/xdb01.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/indx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/cwmlite01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/drsys01.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/odm01.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/tools01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-NOV-05
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-NOV-05
piece handle=/space/beta9i/BETA9I_20051125_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:10
Finished backup at 25-NOV-05
sql statement: alter system archive log current
在备份结束后，再查询相关系统信息
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/archive
Oldest online log sequence 2
Next log sequence to archive 4
Current log sequence 4
发现数据库进行了归档操作（因为备份脚本中使用了alter system archive log current命令）。
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 540M DISK 00:01:03 25-NOV-05
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Tag: FULLBAK
Piece Name: /space/beta9i/BETA9I_20051125_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- ---- ------ ------------ ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------
1 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/system01.dbf
2 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/cwmlite01.dbf
4 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/drsys01.dbf
5 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/example01.dbf
6 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/indx01.dbf
7 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/odm01.dbf
8 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/tools01.dbf
9 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/users01.dbf
10 Full 456898 25-NOV-05 /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/xdb01.dbf
在备份结束后，可以查询到相关的备份信息，该信息记录在控制文件中。
$ ls -l /space/beta9i/BETA9I_20051125_1
-rw-r----- 1 orcl9i dba 568991744 Nov 25 09:51 /space/beta9i/BETA9I_200
51125_1
在文件系统下生成了相应的备份文件。
在RMAN中使用Recovery Catalog
1.创建Recovery Catalog的Owner
$ sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
SQL> create user rmanuser identified by rmanuser
2 temporary tablespace temp
3 default tablespace tools
4 quota unlimited on tools;
User created.
SQL>grant recovery_catalog_owner to rmanuser;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant connect,resource to rmanuser;
Grant succeeded.
注：也可以创建自己的表空间来存放Recovery Catalog的系统表。
2.创建Recovery Catalog
$ rman catalog
RMAN> create catalog;
3.在Recovery Catalog中注册target数据库
$ rman target catalog
RMAN> register database;
database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
4.最后进行一下简单测试
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema
File K-bytes Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- ------------ ---------------- ----------- -------------------
1 409600 SYSTEM YES /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/system01.dbf
2 204800 UNDOTBS1 YES /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/undotbs01.dbf
3 20480 CWMLITE NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/cwmlite01.dbf
4 20480 DRSYS NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/drsys01.dbf
5 152960 EXAMPLE NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/example01.dbf
6 25600 INDX NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/indx01.dbf
7 20480 ODM NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/odm01.dbf
8 10240 TOOLS NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/tools01.dbf
9 25600 USERS NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/users01.dbf
10 39040 XDB NO /space/orcl9i/oradata/beta9i/xdb01.dbf
至此，Recovery Catalog的环境已经创建成功，接下来我们就可以在RMAN中使用Recovery Catalog来进行备份。
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