CACTI 在Fedora12上的安装和配置

Fedora 12 下 Cacti的架设

Prepared by Lear Zhang, 2010-07-12

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安装环境与参数

系统使用Fedora12英文版本,所有下载的安装源文件保存在 /tmp/cacti 目录下, 系统安装路径为 /server/cacti ,如无说明,所有软件均为英文版本.

1． 安装Fedora 12

//!关闭 SELinux!!!,防火墙中打开http端口,否则外部无法访问!

2． 下载所有需要的组件

系统需要的软件清单如下.

所有软件解压缩后准备开始.

3． 安装

程序安装有一定的顺序,呵呵,咱们一步一步来.

3.1 安装mysql

#groupadd -g 200 mysql

#useradd -u 200 -g mysql -d /server/cacti/mysql -M mysql

#cd /tmp/cacti

#cd mysql-5.1.47

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/mysql --sysconfdir=/etc

#make

#make install

#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

//主配置文件.

# cd /server/cacti/mysql

#chown -R mysql .

#chgrp -R mysql .

    //以上两行改变当前文件夹内所有文件的属主和属组.

#bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql  //使用账号来初始化数据库

#chown -R mysql:mysql /server/cacti/mysql/var/mysql

#bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘yournewpassword’ //设置新密码

#/server/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql –u root –p

//输入密码登陆mysql进行测试数据库

#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local   

  //设置mysql 在Fedora启动时自动启动,在文件末尾填入如下行

cd /server/cacti/mysql

/server/cacti/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#cd /tmp/cacti

3.2安装Apache

#cd httpd-2.2.15

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/apache --enable-so --enable-rewrite

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

//让Apache 随着系统启动自动启动

#cp /server/cacti/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache

#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache

#ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /etc/rc3.d/S100apache

#ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /etc/rc3.d/K100apache

#ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /etc/rc5.d/S100apache

#ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /etc/rc5.d/K100apache

3.3 安装PHP

3.3.1 首先安装zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg 以便于让PHP 支持GD 库

1) 安装zlib

#cd zlib-1.2.5

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/zlib

#make

#make install

# cd /tmp/cacti

2) 安装freetype

#cd freetype-2.3.5

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/freetype

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

3) 安装linpng

#cd libpng-1.4.3

#cd scripts/

#mv makefile.linux ../makefile

//注意，这里的makefile 不是用./configure生成，而是直接从scripts/里复制

#cd ..

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

4) 安装jpeg

#cd jpeg-7

#mkdir /server/cacti/libjpeg

#mkdir /server/cacti /libjpeg/include

#mkdir /server/cacti /libjpeg/bin

#mkdir /server/cacti /libjpeg/lib

#mkdir /server/cacti /libjpeg/man

#mkdir /server/cacti /libjpeg/man/man1

//可以用mkdir -p /server/cacti/libjpeg/man/man1 创建多层目录

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/libjpeg --enable-shared --enable-static

#make

#make install

注意，这里configure带--enable-shared 参数是为了生成共享库

#cd /tmp/cacti

5) 检查libxml版本是否符合php5的要求

#rpm -qa |grep libxml

//版本符合要求,则不需要再安装,否则,需要卸载libxml包,安装更高版本的libxml.

//#rpm -e libxml*

//#cd libxml-2.7.7

//#./configure

//#make

//#make install

6) 安装fontconfig

#cd fontconfig-2.7.0

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/fontconfig --with-freetype-config=/server/cacti/freetype/bin/freetype-config

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

7) 安装GD

#cd gd-2.0.35

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/libgd --with-png --with-freetype=/server/cacti/freetype --with-jpeg=/server/cacti/libjpeg

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

8) 编辑 /etc/ld.so.conf

#vi /etc/ld.so.conf

添加如下几行到文件结尾

/server/cacti/zlib/lib

/server/cacti/freetype/lib

/server/cacti/libjpeg/lib

/server/cacti/libgd/lib

#ldconfig //装载相关动态扩展库

9) 安装PHP

#cd php-5.3.2

//configure 带如下参数^_^,太多了,晕.

#./configure 参数如下图所示.

#make

#make install

#ln -s /server/cacti/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin

#cd /tmp/cacti

3.4 配置 httpd.conf

#vi /server/cacti/apache/conf/httpd.conf

//添加ServerName hostname.example.com 或者本机的IP地址

“Servername hostname.example.com” //ServerName xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

//查找AddType application/x-compress .Z 后面添加如下几行

“AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz”

“AddType application/x-httpd-php .php”

“AddType image/x-icon .ico”

//修改DirectoryIndex 行，添加index.php

“DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var”

3.5 配置测试页

#vi /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/index.php

添加如下行,做PHP测试页.

“ Phpinfo();

?>”

重新启动apache,打开浏览器,查看测试页.

显示如下页面.

3.6 安装RRDTool

RRDTool需要相应的库文件支持,需要安装如下库文件:

cgilib, libart_lgpl, intltool, pango, cario, rrdtool

1) 安装cgilib (0.5)

#cd cgilib-0.5

#vi cgi.c //修改cgi.c文件,删除 “#include(malloc.h);”行

#make

#make install

#mkdir -p /server/cacti/rrdtool/lb/include

#cp cgi.h /server/cacti/rrdtool/lb/include

#mkdir -p /server/cacti/rrdtool/lb/lib

#cp libcgi.a /server/cacti/rrdtool/lb/lib

#cd /tmp/cacti

2) 安装libart_lgpl

#cd libart_lgpl-2.3.17

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/rrdtool/lb

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

3) 安装intltool

#cd intltool-0.40.6

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

4) 安装cario 和cairo-devel

#cd cario-1.8.10

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/cario

#make

#make install

#yum –y install cario-devel

5) 安装pango

#cd pango-1.28.1

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/pango

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

6) 安装rrdtool

#cd rrdtool-1.2.23

//首先需要设置PKG_CONFIG_PATH,输入

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/rrdtool

#make

#make install

#cd /tmp/cacti

//完成后建立符号连接

#ln -s /server/cacti/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#

//执行rrdtool 看是否安装正确

#cd /server/cacti/rrdtool/share/rrdtool/examples

#./stripes.pl //在当前目录下生成一个文件stripes.png,说明安装成功.

#cp stripes.png /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/

//在浏览器输入 ,看到如下图形,说明RRDTool安装成功:)

4． 安装net-snmp

#cd /tmp/cacti

#cd net-snmp-5.5

#./configure --prefix=/server/cacti/net-snmp --enable-developer

//有几个交互式的问答,要自己选择合适的配置.

#make

#make install

# ln -s /server/cactil/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#cp EXAMPLE.conf /server/cacti/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

# /server/cacti/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /server/cacti/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

#vi /etc/rc.local 在文件末尾添加

cd /server/cacti/net-snmp/sbin

snmpd -c /server/cacti/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

以上配置,是为了让snmpd随系统启动的时候自动运行.

测试是否可以运行.

#snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 127.0.0.1 SNMPv2-MIB::system

出现如下界面,就是正常运行啦.呵呵.

5． 安装Cacti

回到下载文件目录下,

#tar -xzvf cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz

#mv cacti-0.8.7e /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti

# vi /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cacti";

$database_password = "cacti";

//添加cacti 用户

# useradd cacti

//将rra 目录的所有权给cacti 用户

# chown -R cacti /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

//修改cacti 目录所属组

# chgrp -R cacti /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti

//添加cron 任务

# crontab -e

*/5 * * * * /server/cacti/php/bin/php /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

保存退出.

6． 安装Cactid

CACTID 的安装需要以下支持(都安装好啦J)：

net-snmp-devel （需要编译安装net-snmp 时添加--enable-developer 选项）

mysql

mysql-devel （mysql 源文件编译安装后默认支持）

openssl-devel （Redhat 默认安装）

# tar -zxvf cacti-cactid-0.8.6i.tar.gz

# cd cacti-cactid-0.8.6i

# ./configure --with-mysql=/server/cacti/mysql --with-snmp=/server/cacti/net-snmp

# make

//这时你将在此目录下看到多出了cactid、cactid.conf 两个文件

# mkdir /usr/local/cactid

# cp cactid cactid.conf /server/cacti/cactid

# vi /server/cacti/cactid/cactid.conf //修改cactid 配置文件

DB_Host 127.0.0.1

DB_Database cacti

DB_User cacti

DB_Pass cacti

保存退出

7. 数据库配置

#/server/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

Password:

Mysql> create database cacti;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by “cacti”;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Mysql>exit

# cd /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti

# mysql -uroot -p cacti < cacti.sql

输入Password:

#ln -s /server/cacti/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.15

#ldconfig

这两句要加上，否则系统无法找到libmysqlclient.so.15库

#chmod 777 /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/log

#chmod 777 /server/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

需要修改php.ini的参数,否则,系统会报错,

#vi .php.ini

date.timezone = utc

保存退出.在浏览器中打开

会出现如下窗口,则成功.否则,根据错误修改吧…

默认用户名 admin 默认密码 admin

第一次登录之后必须修改密码.

登陆之后,出现如下界面,就可以做其他的配置了,都是图形界面配置,呵呵.

添加新设备,配置监控参数,生成图形…

来个图示.