ALV的颜色设置分为3种:行、列、单元格。
1.列颜色的设置
在 slis_t_fieldcat_alv-emphasize 中，写入需要的颜色代码。
Eg:
DATA: fc TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv WITH HEADER LINE.
fc-tabname = 'ITAB'.
fc-fieldname = 'COL'.
fc-emphasize = 'C100'.
append fc.
2.行颜色的设置
a.在要输出的 itab 中，加入 color 列，类型为C（4），记录需要的颜色代码。
b.设置 layout。alv_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
Eg: DATA: BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE mara.
DATA: color(4) TYPE c.
DATA: END OF itab.
DATA: alv_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
itab-matnr = '123'.
itab-color = 'C200'.
APPEND itab.
alv_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
3.单元格颜色设置
a.在要输出的 itab 中，加入 color 列，类型为 slis_t_specialcol_alv，记录需要的颜色代码。
b.设置 layout。alv_layout-coltab_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
Eg: DATA: BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE mara.
DATA: color TYPE slis_t_specialcol_alv.
DATA: END OF itab.
DATA: color TYPE slis_t_specialcol_alv.
DATA: alv_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
color-color-col = '1'.
color-color-int = '0'.
color-color-inv = '0'.
color-fieldname = 'COL'.
APPEND color.
itab-matnr = '123'.
itab-color[] = color[].
APPEND itab.
alv_layout-coltab_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
以上是我对ALV GRID着色方法的一个总结，由于技术水平有限可能还存在一些遗漏，还望大家指出。
事例代码：
REPORT ztest.
"双击单元格,可进入新的ALV画面.
TYPE-POOLS: slis.
*一共定义3个内表.
*itab1 :设置列颜色,
*itab2 :设置行颜色.
*itab3 :设置单元格颜色.
DATA: BEGIN OF itab_test OCCURS 0,
col1(4) TYPE c,
col2(4) TYPE c,
col3(4) TYPE c,
col4(4) TYPE c,
col5(4) TYPE c,
col6(4) TYPE c,
END OF itab_test .
DATA: BEGIN OF itab_test2 OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE itab_test.
DATA: color(4) TYPE c.
DATA: END OF itab_test2.
DATA: BEGIN OF itab_test3 OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE itab_test.
DATA: color TYPE slis_t_specialcol_alv.
DATA: END OF itab_test3.
DATA: fc TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv WITH HEADER LINE,
fc2 TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv WITH HEADER LINE,
fc3 TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv WITH HEADER LINE.
START-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM create_data.
END-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM fieldcat_build.
PERFORM show_alv.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form create_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM create_data.
DATA: l_color(4) TYPE c,
l_char TYPE c,
i TYPE i.
DATA: color TYPE slis_t_specialcol_alv WITH HEADER LINE.
REFRESH itab_test.
REFRESH itab_test2.
REFRESH itab_test3.
REFRESH fc.
REFRESH fc2.
REFRESH fc3.
WHILE sy-index < 8.
* 内表 1
itab_test-col1 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 1.
itab_test-col2 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 2.
itab_test-col3 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 3.
itab_test-col4 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 4.
itab_test-col5 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 5.
itab_test-col6 = ( sy-index - 1 ) * 6 + 6.
APPEND itab_test.
* 内表 2
MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab_test TO itab_test2.
l_char = sy-index.
i = sy-index MOD 2.
IF i = 0.
CONCATENATE 'C' l_char '01' INTO l_color.
ELSE.
CONCATENATE 'C' l_char '10' INTO l_color.
ENDIF.
itab_test2-color = l_color.
APPEND itab_test2.
* 内表 3
MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab_test TO itab_test3.
REFRESH color.
color-color-col = l_char.
color-color-int = '0'.
color-color-inv = '0'.
color-fieldname = 'COL1'. APPEND color.
CONCATENATE l_char '00' INTO itab_test3-col1.
color-color-int = '0'.
color-color-inv = '1'.
color-fieldname = 'COL2'. APPEND color.
CONCATENATE l_char '01' INTO itab_test3-col2.
color-color-int = '1'.
color-color-inv = '0'.
color-fieldname = 'COL3'. APPEND color.
CONCATENATE l_char '10' INTO itab_test3-col3.
itab_test3-color[] = color[].
APPEND itab_test3.
ENDWHILE.
ENDFORM. "create_data
************************************************************************
FORM fieldcat_build.
DATA: BEGIN OF fc_struct,
tabname(10),
fieldname(5),
seltext_m(5),
emphasize(4),
END OF fc_struct.
DEFINE ac.
clear: fc,fc2,fc_struct.
fc_struct = &1.
fc-tabname = fc_struct-tabname. "内表名
fc-fieldname = fc_struct-fieldname. "字段名
fc-seltext_m = fc_struct-seltext_m. "字段描述
fc-emphasize = fc_struct-emphasize. "列颜色
append fc.
fc2-tabname = fc_struct-tabname. "内表名
fc2-fieldname = fc_struct-fieldname. "字段名
fc2-seltext_m = fc_struct-seltext_m. "字段描述
append fc2.
if fc3-fieldname < 'COL4'.
fc3-tabname = fc_struct-tabname. "内表名
fc3-fieldname = fc_struct-fieldname. "字段名
fc3-seltext_m = fc_struct-seltext_m. "字段描述
append fc3.
endif.
END-OF-DEFINITION.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL1 COL1 C100'.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL2 COL2 C200'.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL3 COL3 C300'.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL4 COL4 C400'.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL5 COL5 C500'.
ac 'ITAB_TEST COL6 COL6 C600'.
ENDFORM. "fieldcat_build
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form show_alv
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 显示内表 1
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM show_alv.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
i_callback_program = sy-repid
it_fieldcat = fc[]
i_callback_user_command = 'PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_1'
i_save = 'A'
TABLES
t_outtab = itab_test
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "show_alv
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_1
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->UCOMM text
* -->RS_SELFIELD text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_user_command_1 USING ucomm
rs_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.
IF rs_selfield-fieldname <> space AND rs_selfield-tabindex > 0.
PERFORM show_alv_2.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_1
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form show_alv_2
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 显示内表 2
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM show_alv_2.
DATA: alv_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
alv_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
i_callback_program = sy-repid
it_fieldcat = fc2[]
i_callback_user_command = 'PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_2'
is_layout = alv_layout
i_save = 'U'
TABLES
t_outtab = itab_test2
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "show_alv_2
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_2
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->UCOMM text
* -->RS_SELFIELD text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_user_command_2 USING ucomm
rs_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.
IF rs_selfield-fieldname <> space AND rs_selfield-tabindex > 0.
PERFORM show_alv_3.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "PROCESS_USER_COMMAND_2
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form show_alv_3
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 显示内表 3
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM show_alv_3.
DATA: alv_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
alv_layout-coltab_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
i_callback_program = sy-repid
it_fieldcat = fc3[]
is_layout = alv_layout
i_save = 'U'
TABLES
t_outtab = itab_test3
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "show_alv_3
