Quota Arrangements （配额协议）
Purpose
关于配额分配
通过指定每一货源的配额，配额分配将一段期间内的物料总需求分配给某一供货源。该
配额指定了总需求中的哪一部分应从指定的货源处采购。
如果存在物料的配额分配，则在货源确认处理中会考虑到它。
指定某期间内的配额分配。在该期间内，为每一货源创建一个配额分配项目。
配额分配的存在并不包含单个物料需求的分配 (给不同的货源) (即，数量在各个采购申请中确定)。在申请中要求的全部数量按配额分配指定给一个货源。
This example principally involves procurement aspects of the supply chain (MM).（这个例子主要用在供应链的处理上）
The system can make use of a certain mechanism to determine which source is to be assigned to a material requirement. The assignment of requirements to different vendors and plants is based on quota arrangements. 60% of a material requirement can be automatically assigned to one vendor and the remaining 40% to another, for example.（系统可以用某些机制来决定物料的供应源，这种为不同供应商和工厂分配需求的机制就是配额协议。比如：60%的物料需求自动分配给一个供应商而剩下的40%分配给另一个供应商）
In this process, you display the material master record (quota arrangement field) and a quota arrangement. To see how the system assigns sources on the basis of quota arrangements, you enter two manual purchase requisitions and have the sources assigned. The system assigns different sources in accordance with the quota arrangement.（在这个过程中，你显示物料的主记录（与配额协议有关的）和配额协议。看系统在什么样的配额协议上分配，你可以手工输入两张有货源分配采购申请，系统会根据配额协议对其进行分配）
Additional Process Information （附加信息）
To activate quota arrangements, proceed as follows（使用配额协议的步骤如下）:
- In the material master record for the item, specify that a quota arrangement applies to this item.（在物料主记录中有一个字段是指定配额协议的）
There is a field in the master record that indicates whether a quota arrangement applies to the relevant material. By entering the appropriate value in this field, you specify whether the quota arrangement applies to requisitions, purchase orders, planned orders, requisitions generated via MRP, or items of scheduling agreements. The quota arrangement can be used for any combination of the aforementioned documents.（物料主数据中有一个字段来决定是否有相关物料的配额协议需要分配。这个字段中只要输入正确的值，你就可以指定这个配额协议是否可以分配给相关申请，采购订单，计划订单及相关联的MRP，计划协议等。配额协议可以用在上述任何一个中）
- Specify the vendors or plants that are to be covered by the quota arrangement.（指定供应商或者工厂为配额协议）
Quota arrangements are specified individually. You specify the vendors affected by the quotas and the share to be allocated to each individual vendor. A quota arrangement consists of a record containing the vendor or plant, a validity period, a maximum quantity, and the percentage distribution between various vendors and/or plants. If the maximum quantity is exceeded, the system suggests no source on the basis of the quota arrangement.（配额协议是单独被指定的，你根据配额协议指定的供应商进行每个供应商的分派。一个配额协议包含的记录包括供应商或者工厂，有效期间，最大数量和各个供应商或者工厂之间分配比例。如果最大数量被超过了，系统将会根据配额协议不指定供应源）
Displaying a Material Master Record （显示物料主数据）
|
Menu Path |
Logistics® Materials Management ® Material Master ® Material ® Display ® Display Current |
|
Transaction Code |
MM03 |
- Make sure that the Quota arrangement usage field on the Display Material ##-### (Raw Material)screen contains the value 3 .（确认配额安排的值为“3”）
- Position your cursor on the Quota arrangement usage field, then choose the input help. (将鼠标放在配额协议框中，选择输入框帮助)
Four values are now shown in the Quota Arrangement Usage dialog box. For each value, the system indicates the purchasing documents for which a quota arrangement is effective. The field value in this example is 3, meaning that quota arrangement rules can apply to all the purchasing documents for this item if a quota arrangement exists.
（输入框帮助中有四个值，每一个值，系统都指示框架协议对哪种采购类型有效。例如值为“3”,表示如果该配额协议存在的话，可以应用到所有采购文档中）
The entry you make here controls how the total order quantity is calculated in the quota arrangement, and thus which source of supply is determined for the material at a particular point in time. You can enter a quota arrangement for the following field combinations:（输入值控制多少与配额协议相关的订单数量被计算，从而决定在某一个特定时刻哪个选择哪个供应源。你可以选择以下配额协议的集合）
- purchase orders（采购订单）
The quantity of the material already ordered is included in the quota arrangement.（采购订单中的物料数量被包含在配额协议中）
- purchase requisitions（采购申请）
The total quantity requested in purchase requisitions for this material is included in the quota arrangement.（采购申请中物料数量被包含在配额协议中）
- scheduling agreement（计划协议）
The total quantity scheduled in delivery schedules for this material is included in the quota arrangement.（计划协议被考虑在配额协议中）
- planned orders（计划订单）
The total quantity planned in planned orders for this material is included in the quota arrangement.
- materials planning (MRP)
The quota arrangement mechanism is also used in materials planning; that is, the planned orders and purchase requisitions created by materials planning are included in the quota arrangement.
- production orders（生产订单）
The total quantity of all production orders for this material is included in the quota arrangement.
creating a Quota Arrangement（创建配额协议）
MEQ1
点击“项目”，进入如下的界面
注意：1.如果物料主数据MM02中没有维护配额协议，则进入MEQ1的时候会有黄色警告： 
。
2.如果没有采购信息记录，该物料的配额协议是不允许分配的
于是给这个物料创建了两个信息记录5300003226，5300001915。再次创建配额协议
Displaying a Quota Arrangement（显示配额协议）
- Call up the transaction as follows:
|
Menu Path |
From the Purchasing node, choose Master Data ® Quota Arrangement ® Display. |
|
Transaction Code |
MEQ3 |
- Choose .
The Display Quota Arrangement: Overview of Quota Arrangement Periodsscreen shows you the validity periods and quota arrangement numbers.（显示配额协议：配额协议期间屏幕总览，显示有效期间和配额协议的数量）
- Select the first item, then choose Item. （选中行项目）
On the Display Quota Arrangement: Overview of Quota Arrangement Items ##screen, each quota arrangement item contains a vendor, a maximum quantity, and an allocated quantity indicating which portion of the requirement is to be procured from the relevant vendor. In addition, the quota is shown as a percentage, together with the total quantity procured from this vendor to date. （在显示配额协议的界面上：每个配额协议都包含一个供应商，一个最大数量，一个根据需求分配给各个供应商的数量。另外，配额输入之后，配额百分比为配额与配额总数的百分比。例如两个供应商配额都是4,则配额百分比都为50%。一个4一个6则为40％ 60%）
Note the values in the Allocated quantity field for each vendor.
- Choose
until the overview tree appears
Entering Manual Purchase Requisitions （手工输入采购申请）
可以通过指定供应商来根据配额协议由系统自动分配供应商。
这个步骤也可以通过ME57,ME21N来完成。
Assigning and Processing Purchase Requisitions （分配采购申请）
