Oracle Standby 安装步骤

建立数据库：环境要求
OS 版本一样；
Oracle 版本必须一样，同时安装目录结构建议做成一样，以免发生不必要的错误；
开始安装oracle时，在primary 和 standby 上都装上instance, 要求安装的 SID都必须一样。
shutdown冷备.
将primary和standby都置为archive log 状态：
Startup mount
alter database archivelog;
alter system archive log start

分别修改primary和standby 库的配置文件。

两数据库的配置：
配置priamry listener.ora
# LISTENER.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.219)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\oracle\ora92)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = epg)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\oracle\ora92)
      (SID_NAME = gdepg)
    )
配置从standby listner.ora 文件：
# LISTENER.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.218)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\oracle\ora92)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = epg)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\oracle\ora92)
      (SID_NAME = gdepg)
    )
  )


配置主primary  的tnsnames.ora
（必须保证这里面只有两项，primary和standby的两个。同时建议用 “Net Manager” 来操作自动产生配置文件。否则会发生莫名其妙的问题。）
# TNSNAMES.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
STANDBY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.218)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = gdepg)
    )
  )

PRIMARY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.219)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = gdepg)配置从 standby 的 tnsnames.ora 文件
# TNSNAMES.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
PRIMARY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.219)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = gdepg)
    )
  )

STANDBY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.72.218)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = gdepg)
    )
  )

完成后执行
C:\>tnsping standby
C:\>tnsping primary
来检测配置是否有问题。
lsnrctl start;
Lsnrctl status


配置primary 的pfile 即 init.ora.2272006143433
###########################################
# Cache and I/O
###########################################
db_block_size=8192
db_cache_size=335544320
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
log_archive_start = true
log_archive_dest_1 = "location=d:\oracle\Arch mandatory REOPEN=2"
log_archive_dest_state_1 = enable
log_archive_dest_2 = "service=standby mandatory reopen=15"
log_archive_dest_state_2 = enable
log_archive_min_succeed_dest=1
log_archive_format=ARC%S.%T