Acronyms and terms used in the diagram above are described below:
- APIC – Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller – A device which
allows priority levels to be assigned to its interrupt outputs.
- Child Partition – Partition that hosts a guest operating system - All
access to physical memory and devices by a child partition is provided via the
Virtual Machine Bus (VMBus) or the hypervisor.
- Hypercall – Interface for communication with the hypervisor - The
hypercall interface accommodates access to the optimizations provided by the
hypervisor.
- Hypervisor – A layer of software that sits between the hardware and
one or more operating systems. Its primary job is to provide isolated execution
environments called partitions. The hypervisor controls and arbitrates access to
the underlying hardware.
- IC – Integration component – Component that allows child partitions
to communication with other partitions and the hypervisor.
- I/O stack – Input/output stack
- MSR – Memory Service Routine
- Root Partition – Manages machine-level functions such as device
drivers, power management, and device hot addition/removal. The root (or parent)
partition is the only partition that has direct access to physical memory and
devices.
- VID – Virtualization Infrastructure Driver – Provides partition
management services, virtual processor management services, and memory
management services for partitions.
- VMBus – Channel-based communication mechanism used for
inter-partition communication and device enumeration on systems with multiple
active virtualized partitions. The VMBus is installed with Hyper-V Integration
Services.
- VMMS – Virtual Machine Management Service – Responsible for managing
the state of all virtual machines in child partitions.
- VMWP – Virtual Machine Worker Process – A user mode component of the
virtualization stack. The worker process provides virtual machine management
services from the Windows Server 2008 instance in the parent partition to the
guest operating systems in the child partitions. The Virtual Machine Management
Service spawns a separate worker process for each running virtual machine.
- VSC – Virtualization Service Client – A synthetic device instance
that resides in a child partition. VSCs utilize hardware resources that are
provided by Virtualization Service Providers (VSPs) in the parent partition.
They communicate with the corresponding VSPs in the parent partition over the
VMBus to satisfy a child partitions device I/O requests.
- VSP – Virtualization Service Provider – Resides in the root partition
and provide synthetic device support to child partitions over the Virtual
Machine Bus (VMBus).
- WinHv – Windows Hypervisor Interface Library - WinHv is essentially a
bridge between a partitioned operating system’s drivers and the hypervisor which
allows drivers to call the hypervisor using standard Windows calling
conventions
- WMI – The Virtual Machine Management Service exposes a set of Windows
Management Instrumentation (WMI)-based APIs for managing and controlling virtual
machines.
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