Debian下驱动bcm43xx无线网卡

偶的本本是Hp 6515b，自带broadcom的无线网卡，使用lspci检查可得到如下结果。

blueice2:/# lspci  -s  30:00.0
30:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation Dell Wireless 1390 WLAN Mini-PCI Card (rev 02)
blueice2:/# lspci -n -s  30:00.0
30:00.0 0280: 14e4:4311 (rev 02)

我使用ndiswrapper的方式驱动这块网卡。

首先需要安装ndiswrapper，在debian sid中， ndiswrapper包括3个软件包ndiswrapper-common，
ndiswrapper-source，ndiswrapper-utils-1.9，其中ndiswrapper-source是ndiswrapper内核模块的源代码，可以使用module-assistant安装。

module-assistant会根据当前内核的情况生成并安装kernel module软件包， 同时将根据包依赖关系安装ndiswrapper-common，ndiswrapper-utils-1.9两个软件包。 在我的系统中，安装了如下软件包：

blueice2:~# dpkg -l |grep ndis
ii  ndiswrapper-common                                      1.47-2                     Common scripts required to use the utilities
ii  ndiswrapper-modules-2.6.22-2-k7                         1.47-2+2.6.22-4            ndiswrapper Linux kernel module
ii  ndiswrapper-source                                      1.47-2                     Source for the ndiswrapper Linux kernel modu
ii  ndiswrapper-utils-1.9                                   1.47-2                     Userspace utilities for the ndiswrapper Linu

由于kernel中除ndiswrapper外还有一个模块bcm43xx可用来驱动bcm4300系列无线网卡，需要在/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist中增加一行“blacklist bcm43xx”来阻止bcm43xx在启动时被载入，并在/etc/modules中增加行"ndiswrapper"设置系统启动时载入ndiswrapper。重启系统使设置生效。

从下载bcm43xx在windows下的驱动，在windows下运行或使用wine运行，生成解压后的目录SP34152A， 这个目录下有个文件bcmwl5.inf。

运行ndiswrapper -i //bcmwl5.inf安装驱动，然后运行ndiswrapper -l查看已安装的驱动，结果如下

blueice2:~# ndiswrapper -l
bcmwl5 : driver installed
        device (14E4:4311) present (alternate driver: bcm43xx)

此时可使用ifconfig -a查到wlan0网络接口，并可使用iwconfig配置该接口.

blueice2:~# ifconfig -a
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1A:4B:61:08:E8
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
          Interrupt:20

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:4020 (3.9 KiB)  TX bytes:4020 (3.9 KiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1A:73:81:CC:EC
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
          Interrupt:21 Memory:c8000000-c8004000

blueice2:~# iwconfig
lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.

wlan0     IEEE 802.11g  ESSID:off/any
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.462 GHz  Access Point: Not-Associated
          Bit Rate:54 Mb/s   Tx-Power:32 dBm
          RTS thr:2347 B   Fragment thr:2346 B
          Encryption key:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality:0  Signal level:0  Noise level:0
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

blueice2:~# iwconfig wlan0 key s:1111222233444 [2]
blueice2:~# iwconfig wlan0 key open [2]
blueice2:~# iwconfig
lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.

wlan0     IEEE 802.11g  ESSID:"beijin"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.412 GHz  Access Point: 08:00:2D:13:F4:6A
          Bit Rate=54 Mb/s   Tx-Power:32 dBm
          RTS thr:2347 B   Fragment thr:2346 B
          Encryption key:3039-3657-3235-3433-3223-6154-63 [2]   Security mode:open
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality:0  Signal level:0  Noise level:0
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

blueice2:~# ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:4020 (3.9 KiB)  TX bytes:4020 (3.9 KiB)

blueice2:~# ifconfig wlan0 up
blueice2:~# dhclient wlan0
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.6
Copyright 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit

Listening on LPF/wlan0/00:1a:73:83:cd:ea
Sending on   LPF/wlan0/00:1a:73:83:cd:ea
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 192.168.0.1
bound to 192.168.0.10 -- renewal in 39594 seconds.
blueice2:~# ping -c 2
PING .fastcdn.com (60.28.166.84) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 60.28.166.84: icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=34.2 ms
64 bytes from 60.28.166.84: icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=33.7 ms

--- .fastcdn.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 5335ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 33.763/33.995/34.227/0.232 ms

在我的环境中只许需要配置好密钥和密钥序号，驱动程序就能够找到essid，无须收工设置。

在设置密钥时要特别注意安全模式， ndiswrapper默认的安全模式是“restricted”，而我的环境中无线路由器的模式安全模式为“open”，为这个问题折腾了一天的时间。

使用ndiswrapper也可以用于别的无线网卡，我还测试了一块tp-link TL-WN321G的usb 无线网卡， 工作正常。

后记：

在使用的过程中发现一个小bug：如果在windows中按“蓝色的无线网络按钮”将无线网卡移出后， 进入Linux， 无论怎么按“蓝色的无线网络按钮”都无法启用无线网络。不过删除/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist中的“blacklist bcm43xx”行， 并运行update-initramfs -u更新initrd,img文件后“蓝色的无线网络按钮”就可以启动无线网络了。