linux下安装mysql二进制版本(5.6.34)

版本：社区版 5.6.34

我这里下载的是mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
1.创建mysql用户和用户组
#groupadd mysql
#useradd -g mysql mysql
#passwd mysql

2.下载解压二进制文件,解压,进入解压出来的文件
[root@host01 db]# tar -xvf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@host01 db]# mv mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysqlmha

3.在mysqlmha目录下创建如下文件夹
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ cd /db/mysqlmha
 [mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir conf                        ## 配置文件目录
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir data                         ##数据文件
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir redolog                    ##redo日志文件
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir ibdata                      ##ibdata文件
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir -p mysqllog/relaylog  ##主从环境relaylog
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir -p mysqllog/logfile    ##错误日志文件
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir -p mysqllog/binlog    ##binlog文件
[mysql@host01 mysqlmha]$ mkdir -p external_data    ##secure_file_priv参数指定路径

4.创建配置文件
在conf目录下创建配置文件my.cnf,配置文件内容附后.

5.更改文件夹mysqlmha的文件所属用户
[root@host01 db]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysqlmha

6.安装数据库
[root@host01 db]#cd /db/mysqlmha/scripts
[root@host01 db]#./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/db/mysqlmha --datadir=/db/mysqlmha/data

执行该步骤的时候有可能遇到如下错误：
错误1:
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
解决方法:安装autoconf库
命令:yum -y install autoconf

错误2:
-bash: ./mysql_install_db: /usr/bin/perl: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
貌似提示注释器错误，没有/usr/bin/perl文件或者档案，解决办法（安装perl跟perl-devel即可）：
执行:yum -y install perl perl-devel

错误3:
[root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql5640 --datadir=/opt/mysql5640/data
Installing MySQL system tables.../opt/mysql5640/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


解决办法
[[e-mail] data]# yum install -y libaio

错误4:
Installing MySQL system tables.../opt/mysql5640/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:
yum -y install numactl

7.创建软连接
[root@host01 db]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@host01 db]# ln -s /db/mysqlmha/bin/mysqld /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld 
[root@host01 db]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

8.启动数据库
[root@host01 db]#./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/db/mysqlmha/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql

9.登陆数据库修改密码

数据库安装后root账号的初始化密码为空,不需要密码即可登陆数据库，为了安全起见，登陆后立即修改数据库密码
 [root@host01 db]$./mysql -h localhost -u root  -S /db/mysqlmha/data/mysql.sock
update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD('mysql') where user='root' and host='localhost';
flush privileges;

删除用户名或是密码为空的账号
delete from mysql.user where user='';
delete from mysql.user where password='';


10.关闭数据库后重启
[mysql@host01 bin]$ ./mysqladmin -h localhost -u root -p -S /db/mysqlmha/data/mysql.sock shutdown
[mysql@host01 bin]$./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/db/mysqlmha/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql


11.把mysql加入系统自启动
[root@host01 ~]# more /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.


touch /var/lock/subsys/local
/db/mysqlmha/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/db/mysqlmha/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql &


12. 5.6.34版本有bug，某些表需要重建，点击链接安装部署实施.
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-77311-id-5756660.html

centos 7自动启另外一种方式：

1.touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service

2.该文件内容如下:
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/opt/mysql5640/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql5640/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
#Restart=on-failure
#RestartPreventExitStatus=1
#PrivateTmp=false

3.通过systemctl启动
systemctl start mysql

遇到无法启动的情况下需要做如下操作
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl start mysql
Warning: mysql.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.

解决办法:
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl daemon-reload


4.启用开启自启动
systemctl enable mysql

5.查看启动状态
systemctl status mysql

my.cnf配置文件内容如下:
[mysql@host01 conf]$ more my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
server-id=1
datadir=/db/mysqlmha/data
socket=/db/mysqlmha/data/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8mb4
max_connections = 1500
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size=16M
max_allowed_packet=16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=16M
query_cache_size=32M
read_buffer_size=2M
sort_buffer_size=2M
#table_cache=512
#thread_cache=20
#thread_concurrency=4
interactive_timeout=86400
wait_timeout=86400
#log_slow_queries=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=128M
innodb_data_home_dir=/db/mysqlmha/ibdata
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:100M;ibdata2:100M;ibdata3:100M;ibdata4:100M:autoextend
##这两个参数可以不用指定，要是指定的话，系统启动后会生成ibdata1,ibdata2..4，包括重新生成ibdata1,数据库刚安装的时候系统信息表全部是保留在ibdata1里的,这样的话，这些系统表就会提示不存在.
#innodb_file_io_threads=4
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50
innodb_log_buffer_size=128M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_log_files_in_group=5
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/db/mysqlmha/redolog
innodb_thread_concurrency=8
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
event_scheduler=1
max_binlog_size=100M
log-bin=/db/mysqlmha/mysqllog/binlog/binlog.bin
slow_query_log_file=/db/mysqlmha/mysqllog/logfile/slow-query.log
long_query_time=1
log-error=/db/mysqlmha/mysqllog/logfile/mysql-err.log
binlog_format=row
expire_logs_days=7
binlog_cache_size=4MB
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
#read-only
skip-slave-start
relay-log-index=/db/mysqlmha/mysqllog/relaylog/slave-relay-bin.index
relay-log=/db/mysqlmha/mysqllog/relaylog/slave-relay
replicate_wild_ignore_table=mysql.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=information_schema.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=performance_schema.%  ##主从库都需要配置
slave_net_timeout=60
log_slave_updates=1
##lower_case_table_names=1
##language=/db/mysqlmha/share/english
lc-messages-dir=/db/mysqlmha/share
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
#innodb_stats_persistent=0
#secure-file-priv=/db/mysqloutput
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8mb4_general_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
secure_file_priv=/db/mysqlmha/external_data

[client]
port=3306
socket=/db/mysqlmha/data/mysql.sock
loose-default-character-set = utf8  
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
port=3306
socket=/db/mysqlmha/data/mysql.sock


[mysqldump]
max_allowed_packet=16M



-- The End --