分类:
2007-07-12 10:11:44
2007年1月份汇总: 1. As I had plenty of money, I was able to help her. 2. She is old but still able. 3. I dropped my key somewhere about here. 4. Autumn harvest is about to start. 5. The children are rushing about. 6. My bedroom is just above. 7. This book is above me. 8. His conduct has always been above suspicion. 9. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 10. I've known that all along. 11. She said almost nothing. 12. Bill Gates is an American citizen. 13. He spoke with an American accent. 14. My savings amount to $2000. 15. She could hardly contain her excitement. 16. He's smart, funny, goodlooking and friendly. 17. The die is cast. 18. Courtesy costs nothing. 19. Lover's quarrels are soon mended. 20. One boy is a boy,two boys half a boy. 21. The press give the new film the thumbs down. 22. Diamond cut diamond. 23. He turns a deaf ear to the criticism from media. 24. She's just letting off steam. 25. Don't play games with me. 26. Your question is another cup of tea. 27. He is all at sea as to what to do next. 28. Drinking yoghourt before lunch was all the go. 29.This is a fine kettle of fish! 30. There's no sense flogging a dead horse. 31. Everybody's business is nobody's business. ========我是分割线======== 2007年1月份逐句详细解释: 1. As I had plenty of money, I was able to help her. 我钱很宽裕,能帮助她。 Plenty of是“许多”的意思: plenty of time充足的时间,plenty of money充足的钱。 be able to (do sth) 能[会](做某事) 。 2. She is old but still able. 她虽老但仍然很能干。 Able adj. 能,会;有才能的。再如He is an able man. 他是一个能人。 3. I dropped my key somewhere about here. 我把钥匙掉在这附近某个地方了。 somewhere about 在……附近,如somewhere about five o’clock 大约五点钟。 4. Autumn harvest is about to start. 快要秋收了。 Be about to 即将…….如He was about to start. 他即将动身。 5. The children are rushing about. 孩子们到处乱闯。 Rush 仓促,匆忙。如 He rushed heading into marriage.他仓促轻率地结了婚。 6. My bedroom is just above. 我的卧室就在上面。 Just 在这里是“直接,就”之意,再如 just across from the campus 就在校园对面。 7. This book is above me. 这本书对我来说是太难了。 这里above有高于、超出、胜于之意,如The girl's voice rose above the piano's sound.那姑娘的嗓音超过了钢琴声。 8. His conduct has always been above suspicion. 他的行为一直无可质疑。 Above suspicion 无可怀疑[毫无可疑]。如 His loyalty is above suspicion.他的忠诚无可置疑。 9. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍,聪明杰克也变傻。 Dull boy: 呆笨的男孩。可以看看下面的例子: You're not going to study all weekend, are you? Remember, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.你不会把整个周末都用于学习,是不是?要记住,有劳无逸,有害无益。 10. I've known that all along. 自始至终,那件事我都知道。 All along: 始终,一直; 如I realized I had had it in my pocket all along. 我发觉原来这一直就在我口袋里。 11. She said almost nothing. 她几乎什么都没说。 Almost nothing: 几乎没有。再如: John has worked his business up from almost nothing. 约翰几乎白手起家逐步建立起了他的商行。 12. Bill Gates is an American citizen. 比尔·盖茨是美国公民。 Citizen.n. 公民,市民; 再如: Bad official is elected by good citizen who do not vote. 坏官员,是由不投票的好市民选出来的。 13. He spoke with an American accent. 他说话带着美国英语口音。 American accent:美国口音,再如:His accent proclaimed that he was American.他的口音显示他是美国人。 14. My savings amount to $2000. 我的储蓄共达2000美元。 Savings: 储蓄。再如: The old man kept his savings in the bank. 老人把他的储蓄存在银行里。 15. She could hardly contain her excitement. 她抑制不住内心的激动。 再如, He could hardly contain his anger.他怒不可遏。 16. He's smart, funny, goodlooking and friendly. 他聪明、风趣、好看又友善。 例如:This boy is very smart;he may be another Edison. 这男孩很聪明,他可能成为另一个爱迪生。 17. The die is cast. 骰子已经掷下。指事情已经决定,再也不能改变。 公元前49年,罗马执政官庞培和元老院共同谋划进攻恺撒。当时恺撒的领地于意大利本土交界处的河流名为鲁比肯河(Rubicon)。恺撒率领军队悍然渡河与庞培决一死战。渡河时他说,“The die is cast.”即,骰子已经掷下,表明决心已下,义无反顾。 过河之后他还下令烧毁了渡船,逼得士兵毫无退路,只好勇往直前,最终打败了敌人。这个故事留下的另一个习语即是“burn the boats”,类似汉语中的“破釜沉舟”。 18. Courtesy costs nothing. 礼多人不怪 。 中文的其他表达方式还有:彬彬有礼,惠而不费;谦虚恭敬,不用分文。 19. Lover's quarrels are soon mended. 夫妻没有隔夜仇。 mend,修补,改善。字面意思是,恋人间的争吵好得快。用一句地道得中文来表达就是,夫妻没有隔夜仇。 20. One boy is a boy,two boys half a boy. 一个和尚挑水喝,两个和尚抬水喝 这是一句典型的中英套译,完整的表达是,One boy is a boy,two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 即,一个和尚挑水持,两个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚没水喝。表达的意思是,不能齐心合力,人越多越难以办成。 21. The press give the new film the thumbs down. 报纸对这部新电影评价很低。 观看角斗士在竞技场生死拼杀是古罗马的娱乐项目之一。比武结束后,由观众裁判如何处置被击败的角斗士。如果观众的大拇指向上(thumbs up)就释放失败者;如果观众拇指向下(thumbs down)就处死失败者。如今,人们用thumbs up表示赞成,用thumbs down表示反对。 例句:The government's plan has got the thumbs up from the public. 政府的计划得到了公众的赞许。 22. Diamond cut diamond. 针锋相对,棋逢对手,针尖对麦芒。 钻石是最坚硬的物质,按照字面意思理解,“钻石对钻石”即“硬碰硬”,经常用来形容双方实力相当,互不相让。 23. He turns a deaf ear to the criticism from media. 他对媒体的批评充耳不闻。 turn a deaf ear to表示对某件事情的发生、对某人说的话置若罔闻,装聋作哑。当告诫听者要认真听讲的时候,最常用的一句应用即是:Don't turn a deaf ear. 从听者的角度讲,听不进别人的话可能有以下的影响因素:偏见(Prejudice),疏忽(Inattention),多话(Excessive Talking),先入之见(Assumption),选择性聆听(Selective Listening),缺乏移情(Lack of Empathy)等等。 24. She's just letting off steam. 她只是发泄一下而已。 let off steam,字面意思是让蒸汽蒸发,引申为“发泄强烈的感情,发脾气”等。 例句:Don't take what she says too much to heart,she's just letting off steam. 别把她的话往心里去,她只是发泄一下而已。 25. Don't play games with me. 别跟我捣鬼。 play games,捣鬼。 例句:Don't play games with me,Jane.I'm on to your tricks and manipulations. 简,别跟我捣鬼,我对你的诡计和手段一清二楚。 26. Your question is another cup of tea. 你的问题完全是另一回事。 another cup of tea,原意是“另一杯茶”,引申为“另一回事”。 例句:Even if you read French easily,you'll find it's another cup of tea to make conversation in French. 即使你觉得阅读法语不难,你也会发现用法语对话完全是另一回事。 27. He is all at sea as to what to do next. 他惘然若失,不知下一步该怎么办。 all at sea,原意是“在海上”,引申意为“迷茫,不知所措”。 例句:There's so much materials to be prepared that she's all at sea to fix out. 有太多的材料需要准备,以致她茫然无措,不知如何下手。 28. Drinking yoghourt before lunch was all the go. 午餐前喝酸奶曾经一度流行。 all the go在这里是“流行”的意思。 例句:For a while rock'n'roll was all the go;then it was replaced by R & B. 摇滚乐曾经一度流行,但很快就被蓝调音乐取代。 29.This is a fine kettle of fish! 真糟糕! a fine kettle of fish是“状况或情况一团糟”的表达方式之一,比“*”之类要文雅许多。 例句:This is a fine kettle of fish!I forgot to bring my cheque. 真糟糕!我忘了带支票。 30. There's no sense flogging a dead horse. 不要再做无用功了。 flog a dead horse,字面意思是,鞭打死去的马,驱使死马,引申意即为“白费力气,做无用功”。 例句:I've already made up my mind.There's no sense flogging a dead horse. 我已下定决心,不必再白费口舌了。 31. Everybody's business is nobody's business. 众人负责等于无人负责。 集体行动的逻辑,所有人都负责一个项目,实际上没有人能够承担责任。 一个英文寓言和绕口令,就是关于everybody, somebody, anybody和nobody的故事。最后的结果可想而知:everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done. 每个人都在指责某些人,任何人都能完成的事情反而没有人做。 There're 4 people named everybody, somebody, anybody and nobody.There was an important job to be done, and everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure that somebody would do it. Anybody could've done it, but nobody did it. Somebody got angry that because it was everybody's job. Everybody thought anybody could do it, but nobody realized that everybody wouldn't do it. It ended up that everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done. 2007年2月份汇总: 1. We intend to have a ball at the amusement park. 2. He jumped down my throat at the mention of his wife. 3. He has let good manners go by the board long ago. 4. He is an easy-going person, but goes with the flow. 5. There is a skeleton in the cupboard. 6. The more wit, the less courage. 7. He turned the table. 8. He is wearing two hats. 9. Do you have matches? 10. I'd like to take it with a grain of salt. 11. You are in for a treat ! 12. Speak of the devil and he appears. 13. She is just one track-minded, not to be harmful. 14. Her daughter is blossoming into a beautiful girl. 15. It was a great blow to her when her mother died. 16. Mary is a workers' representative on the Board. 17. I'm boarding with a friend. 18.The oceans are large bodies of water. 21.He broke a bone in his leg. 22. I help him to lace up his boots. 23. I lost a white handkerchief with a blue border. 24. He is both a soldier and a poet. 25.They sent the enemy ship to the bottom of the sea. 26.It's bound to rain soon. 27.She gave him a box on his ears. 28.He earned his bread by writing novels. ========我是分割线======== 2007年2月份逐句详细解释: 1. We intend to have a ball at the amusement park. 我们打算到游乐场玩个痛快 have a ball的意思是“寻乐;痛快地玩”。作为名字,ball有“舞会”的意思,这句话中“玩个痛快”就是“舞会”这个意思的引申。 例句:Did you have a ball last weekend? 上周末你参加舞会了么?/上周末你玩得痛快吗? 2. He jumped down my throat at the mention of his wife. 一提他妻子他就暴跳如雷。 throat的意思是咽喉,jump down one's throat整个词组就有了“突然粗暴地回答、突然打断某人的话,说话带火药味”等意思。 例句:He is a tartar, each time I met him he would jump down my throat. 他是个刺头(他是个难对付的人),我每次遇到他,他都那么火气十足。 3. He has let good manners go by the board long ago. 他早就把好举止抛到九霄云外了。 这个习语起源于帆船时代。Board指的是船舷。在狂风暴雨的时候,桅杆突然断了,船长就要作出决策,是立即抢修还是跟着船舷落入海中。前者尚有生存的希望,后者只有船毁人亡了。后来,人们用这一习语表示安排落空,计划失败等意思。 4. He is an easy-going person, but goes with the flow. 他很随和,但是爱随大流。 flow的意思是“水流”,go with the flow的意思即是“跟随主流,随从大家的意见”,或者,用个成语来解释,随波逐流。 5. There is a skeleton in the cupboard. 家丑不外扬。 句子的原意是,壁橱中有架骷髅 据说,当年这个习语产生的时候,指的是那些有钱人家谋杀了一个人,把骸骨暗藏在壁橱中,不让外人知道。从此 skeleton in the closet 就成了那家人的秘密。后来这个短语用来指不可或不愿外扬的家丑,简称作family skeleton。现在,这个句子还有个转义:家家有本难念的经。 例如:Many old families have a number of skeletons in their closets which they are loath to discuss. 许多古老的家族中有很多秘密,他们不愿谈及这些话题 6. The more wit, the less courage. 初生牛犊不怕虎。 “the + 比较级”表示“越……就会……”。句子的原意是越有智慧有经验的人,越不会贸然行事,即“智慧越多,勇气越少”。这里的中文翻译实际上表示的是另一半意思:越没有智慧越缺乏经验的人越无所顾忌,敢于做任何事。 7. He turned the table. 他扭转了局面。 要理解这个句子,关键是理解固定短语turn the tables on somebody的意思。对此,英文的解释是,to suddenly take a position of strength or advantage that was formerly held by someone else,即,对……人反败为胜,转弱为强。在某些场景中,还有“与……互换座次”的意思。 例句:She played badly in the first set, but then she turned the tables on her opponent and won the match 在第一局她打得很糟,但她后来反败为胜并最终赢得了比赛。 8. He is wearing two hats. 他身兼两职。 hat,本意是“帽子”。“他戴了两顶帽子”,类似汉语中“他顶了两个头衔”,异曲同工。 9. Do you have matches? 你需要帮忙吗? 名词match本意是“火柴”,这里用的就是词的本意。但问这句话的人也可能在询问你是否需要帮助。火柴是很小的一样东西,如果你手负重物,可能连小小的火柴也拿不出来呢。 可以设想一下场景:当你一手拿着一杯酒,两只手都占着,忽然一个人问你“You have matches?”,你就要想一想,人家是真的要抽烟所以向你借火柴,还是只是开玩笑地问你是不是需要帮忙。这是口语中经常听到的一句话,如果别人是想帮忙,你可千万别误以为人家真的是向你要火柴。 10. I'd like to take it with a grain of salt. 我对此有怀疑。 词组take something with a grain of salt原来表示的是,一些食物,不加盐就不能吃。它的转义即是,有些话,不加分析就不能轻易相信。 例句: You must always take what he says with a grain of salt. He's born liar. 他说的话你可不能全信。他是个说谎不带脸红的人。 11. You are in for a treat ! 你一定会满意的! treat作为名词的意思是,宴请,款待。be in for a treat的英文解释就是,you'll like it。 例句: There are a great deal wonderful dishes at this reastaurant. You are in for a treat! 这个餐馆有许多好菜,你一定会饱餐一顿! 12. Speak of the devil and he appears. 说曹操,曹操到。 词组speak of,谈及,说到。字面意思是,谈论着魔鬼,魔鬼就出现了。可以直接翻译成汉语中的那句习语:说曹操,曹操到。在口语中,还可以简单地说成Speaking of the devil。 英文中还有一个类似的表达:To mention the wolf's name is to see the same. 13. She is just one track-minded, not to be harmful. 她只是一根筋,但并无恶意。 one track-minded,汉语直译为“单轨思维”,大多指那些说大脑不灵活,缺乏灵活的思维能力的人。和这种人说话和共事都很累。 例句: Stop reasoning with him! Don't you know he is one track-minded?别跟他较劲了。他一根筋儿,你还不知道? 14. Her daughter is blossoming into a beautiful girl. 她女儿出落成一个漂亮的女孩。 blossoming: 开花,再如The apple trees are blossoming. 苹果树正在开花。 Our hopes are blossoming out. 我们的希望正在实现。 15. It was a great blow to her when her mother died. 母亲去世对她是个沉重的打击。 blow 作为名词,可以是“殴打,突然的打击”的意思。 再如,He felled his three attackers at a single blow. 他一下子撩倒了三个袭击他的人. 16. Mary is a workers' representative on the Board. 玛丽是理事会的工人代表。 representative:n. 代表,典型, 例句 Is a questionnaire answeredby 500 people truly representative of national opinion? 一份调查问卷有500人作答, 是否能真正代表全国人民的意见? 17. I'm boarding with a friend. 我在一朋友处寄膳宿。 boarding:a. 供膳的,供膳宿的 n. 伙食 例句:He had paid out good money to educate his daughter at a boarding school. 他花了很多钱让他的女儿在寄宿学校受教育。 18.The oceans are large bodies of water. 海洋是广大的水域。 Large bodies of water, eg lakes or seas大片水域(如湖泊或海洋) 例句:Along the east coasts of our country are large bodies of water. 我国东部沿海是一片浩瀚的水域。 21.He broke a bone in his leg. 他摔断了一根腿骨。 break a bone: 骨折, 例句:He've broken a bone in my arm. 我的臂部骨折了。 22. I help him to lace up his boots. 我帮他系好靴子的鞋带。 lace up: vt. 用带系紧 例句: The little boy can lace up his shoes. 这个小男孩会系鞋带。 23. I lost a white handkerchief with a blue border. 我丢了一块带蓝色花边的白手绢。 border: n. 边缘v. 作...之疆界, 加边 例句:How many countries border Switzerland? 有多少国家与瑞士接壤? France borders Germany along parts of the Rhine. 法国沿莱茵河部分河段与德国接壤。 24. He is both a soldier and a poet. 他既是个战士,又是个诗人。 例句:Proper diet and exercise are both important for health. 适当的饮食和运动对身体健康都很重要。 25.They sent the enemy ship to the bottom of the sea. 他们把敌舰击沉。 send to the bottom: v. 弄沉(打沉) 例句:There's a pub at the bottom of the road. 路的尽头有一家酒馆。 26.It's bound to rain soon. 过一会儿肯定会下雨。 bound to: vt. 必然(不得不,必须,束缚于), 例句: I am bound to say I disagree with you on this point. 我必须声明不同意你这一点。 You are not legally bound to answer these questions. 在法律上,你没有义务非回答这些问题。 27.She gave him a box on his ears. 她打了他一耳光。 give sb. a box on the ear: 打某人一耳光 28.He earned his bread by writing novels. 他靠写小说维生。 earn one's bread (or living): 谋生活 例句:I earn my daily bread by working in a supermarket. 我在超级市场工作以维持生计。 2007年3月份汇总: 1. Fish cannot breathe out of water. 2.The road bridge is now open to traffic. 3.He is a bold thinker, with lots of original ideas. 4.How's the business? The business is slow. 5.Time is running out. 6.What's your trouble? 7.You did fairly well! 8.Clothes make the man. 9.Don't lose your head. 10.He can't take a joke. 11.Would you turn off the alarm clock? 12.Let's fold up the futon. 13. You left the light on. 14.There is another matter to consider. 15.We are really anxious for peace. 16.All I can do is to play it by ear. 17.Put your cards on the table! 18.That's why we hit it off. 19.He is on his high horse these days. 20.She is really the salt of the earth. 21.I can't afford a holiday this summer. 22.Soon afterward they left. 23.It is as large again as that. 24.The work is well afoot. 25.I don't like the two-faced person. 26.He put an affront upon me. 27.A ship is afloat. 28.The battery went dead. 29.Don't try to run with the hare and hunt with the hounds! 30.I affirm that what he said is true. ========我是分割线======== 2007年3月份逐句详细翻译: 1. Fish cannot breathe out of water. 鱼离开水就不能呼吸。 例句:They walked through the forest breathing the scent of pines. 他们步行穿过森林,呼吸着松树的芳香。 2.The road bridge is now open to traffic. 这座公路桥现在开放通行。 be open to traffic 通车 例句:The new road will soon be opened to traffic. 这条新马路不久就可通车。 3.He is a bold thinker, with lots of original ideas. 他敢于思考,富有创新观点。 original ideas: 新颖的意见,原创的看法 例句:The speaker seems to have no original ideas; his speech was full of platitudes. 演讲人似乎没有什么独到的见解,他的讲话充满了陈词滥调。 4.How's the business? The business is slow. 生意好吗? 生意状况不太好。 生意不太好时可以说The business is slow;生意活络时,则说The trade is brisk,或者 The Market is brisk。 5.Time is running out. 没时间了。 run out 有“用光,用完”的意思。 例句: 1、用完;耗尽:Our supplies finally ran out. 我们的供给终于耗尽了。 2、逐出;强使离去;驱逐:We ran him out of town.. 我们把他驱逐出镇子。 6.What's your trouble? 你哪儿不舒服? trouble作为动词的两个主要含义: 1、使不便;烦扰:May I trouble you to close the window? 能麻烦您关下窗吗? 2、费苦心:They trouble over every detail. 他们为每个细节煞费苦心。 7.You did fairly well! 你干得相当不错! 副词fairly有“相当”的意思。 例句:a fairly good dinner. 相当好的一顿晚宴。 8.Clothes make the man. 人要衣装。 动词make的原意是“做”,在口语中有“成为”的意思。 例句:If you work hard, you will make a good athlete. 如果你肯努力, 你将成为一个好运动员。 9.Don't lose your head. 不要惊慌失措。 词组lose one's head是“不知所措”的意思。相反,a cool head 则是指冷静、不易激动。 10.He can't take a joke. 他开不起玩笑。 名词joke是“玩笑”的意思。take在这里表示“承受,接受”。 例句:joke with sb. 与某人开玩笑 He is only joking. 他只不过是开玩笑。 11.Would you turn off the alarm clock? 能帮我关掉闹钟吗? 词组turn off的原意是“关”,多用于收音机、电视、照明等类的东西。虽然现在有许多东西无需用按钮开关,但一般也用turn off表示。 12.Let's fold up the futon. 把被子叠好。 fold意为“折叠”,fold up意为“叠好”、“叠整齐”。 futon原本是日文,现在英文中也逐渐使用,意为“被子”。 13. You left the light on. 你一直没关灯啊。 left (leave)是“保持某种样子”、“保持某种状态”的意思,表达“电灯一直开着”、“发动机一直开着”、“窗户一直开着”也可以用这种句型。 14.There is another matter to consider. 另外,还有一件事要考虑。 another matter: 另一件事 例句:That's quite another matter. 那完全是另一回事。 15.We are really anxious for peace. 我们确实渴望和平。 词组anxious for,渴望(盼望) 例句:Parents are anxious for the welfare of their children. 父母都渴望他们的孩子们平安幸福。 16.All I can do is to play it by ear. 我只能骑驴看帐本走着瞧了。 这个词汇的来源和音乐有关系。它原来指的是那些会弹钢琴或某种乐器,但是却不会看五线谱的人。每当他们要弹奏某个曲调时,他们只能凭着上一回听到的记忆来弹。可是play it by ear现在已经成为日常用语了,意思是做一件事不是事先有计划的,而是走着瞧,临时决定,与汉语中的那句歇后语“骑驴看帐本——走着瞧”有一些相似。 例如,你被请到某处去讲话,可是又没有时间准备。你就可以对听众说: "I haven't had a chance to prepare any notes so all I can do is start talking and play it by ear." 17.Put your cards on the table! 有什么话直说! 这个短语也写作lay one's cards on the table,意思是"Be open and honest, reveal one's position or intentions, to be completely straightforward and open; conceal nothing",和汉语中经常使用的“摊牌”非常相似。 例句:John laid his cards on the table and told her how much they could afford. 约翰亮了底牌,告诉了她,他们付得起多少钱。 18.That's why we hit it off. 那就是我们合得来的原因。 词组 hit it off 的意思是两个人彼此适合,很要好,很合得来。 例句:He is indeed swell, we hit it off. 他的确和棒,我们很要好。 19.He is on his high horse these days. 他最近几天很嚣张。 词组 be on one's high horse 指的是趾高气扬、目空一切、盛气凌人的那种状态,用中文的“嚣张”来表达比较贴切。 例句:Joe seems to be on his high horse these days. This is "When the cat's away, the mice will play". 乔这几天很不可一世,正应了那句“猫不在家,耗子成精”(“山中无老虎,猴子称大王”)。 20.She is really the salt of the earth. 她没有一点坏心眼。 古人认为,盐是珍贵的天赐之物,可以防止腐烂。固定搭配the salt of the earth就用来形容那些没有坏心的人。 例句:I admit that he is not so capable. But he is the salt of the earth. 我承认他不是很有能力,可他是个没有坏心的人。 21.I can't afford a holiday this summer. 今年夏天我无法度假。 afford:,这个词经常用到的有两个主要含义:1)(经济上、时间上)供应得起,负担得起;2)提供 例句: These trees afford a pleasant shade. 这些树提供了荫凉。 I'd love to go on holiday but I can't afford the time. 我倒想去度假, 可是抽不出时间来。 22.Soon afterward they left. 他们不久以后就离开了。 Soon afterward: 不久之后 例句:She had her supper and went out soon afterwards. 他吃过晚饭不久以后就出去了 23.It is as large again as that. 这比那个大一倍。 as large again as 是…的两倍,比…大一倍 例句: My house is large, but his is as large again. 我的房子大,可是他的房子有我房子的两倍大。 24.The work is well afoot. 工作进行得很顺利。 afoot:a./ad. 用徒步, 在准备中, 在进行中 例句: If there is any mischief afoot, he is sure to be in at it. 要有什么调皮捣蛋的事,肯定有他的份。 I set a project afoot. 我开始执行计划。 25.I don't like the two-faced person. 我不喜欢两面派的人。 形容词two-faced一般指当面一套、背地又一套的行为伎俩,绝对是个贬义词。有首英文歌《Shape of My Heart》的歌词说“I'm not a man with too many faces. The mask I wear is one”就是说,我不是一个有很多面孔的人,我是个真诚的人。 例句:He's a two-faced person. He knows how to butter up those power. 他是个两面三刀的人,他懂得怎么向领导阿谀谄媚。 26.He put an affront upon me. 他当众冒犯我。 put an affront upon sb. v. 当众冒犯某人 例句: His speech was an affront to all members of the community. 他的话对社区所有成员是故意的冒犯。 27.A ship is afloat. 船漂着。 afloat ad. 飘浮在水上或空中, 在海上的 例句 Which do you prefer, life on land or life afloat? 你喜欢哪一种生活,陆上生活还是水上生活? 28.The battery went dead. 电池没电了。 电池没电,最形象、最生动、也最准确的表达方式。类似的说法还有:The battery goes dead. 29.Don't try to run with the hare and hunt with the hounds! 别想两边讨好! 固定搭配run with the hare and hunt with the hounds或者hold with the hare and run with the hounds字面意思是“跟着兔子跑,跟着狗打猎”,相当于汉语中的“两面讨好”。注意:这个表达中,hare使用的单数,hound使用的复数,这是一个固定的表达,我也不知道为什么。^_^ 例句:I know how to handle two-faced people and can even tell at the first glance who are in the habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds. 我知道怎样对付两面派,而且一眼就能看出谁是一贯两面讨好的人。 还记得two-faced 吗?参考3月20日的每日一句“I don't like the two-faced person. 我不喜欢两面派的人。”“两面派”和“两边讨好”还是有小小的不一样的,注意区分。 30.I affirm that what he said is true. 我肯定他说的是真的。 affirm :断言, 肯定 例句:She affirmed her innocence. 她坚称自己无罪。 31.Your explanation holds water. 你的解释滴水不漏。 To hold water 本意是,不让水漏出来;习惯上的用法已经变为,指某一个人找的借口、提出的理由、或说的话是确实的,站得住脚的,靠得住的。 例句:That excuse simply doesn't hold water. 那个借口根本站不住脚。 2007年4月份汇总: I was intemperate in my youth.( 4.01 ) He is a man of explays.( 4.02 ) An excellent leader need a thick skin.( 4.03 ) Footsteps announced his return.( 4.04 ) He who would search for pearls must dive below.( 4.05 ) Why are you always all thumbs?( 4.06 ) It never rains, it pours.( 4.07 ) How much is his annual salary?( 4.08 ) The doctor gave him a general anaesthetic.( 4.09 ) I find amusement in collecting stamps.( 4.10 ) Why should you yell bloody murder to the boss?( 4.11 ) I blew the whistle on the whole thing.( 4.12 ) I've been learning English off and on for 12 years.( 4.13 ) They appointed him chairman.( 4.14 ) You'd better look before you leap.( 4.15 ) He lives in a house amongst the trees.( 4.16 ) You are a professional, but I am an amateur.( 4.17 ) He was charged with smuggling.( 4.18 ) The scalded cat fears cold water.( 4.19 ) Are you kidding me?( 4.20 ) Have you got a backup plan?( 4.21 ) I'm occupied.( 4.22 ) He never touches alcohol.( 4.23 ) We are in the same boat.( 4.24 ) Sleep tight! ( 4.25 ) May I ask for quarter?( 4.26 ) You put the cart before a horse.( 4.27 ) She ran her stockings.( 4.28 ) This comedy has had them rolling in the aisles.( 4.29 ) A successful businessman must be aggressive.( 4.30 ) ========我是分割线======== 2007年4月份逐句详细解释: I was intemperate in my youth.( 4.01 ) 我年少轻狂。 形容词intemperate的本意是,无节制的,放纵过度的,有时候会特指饮酒过度。因此,这句话意思相近的汉语表达还可以是,我少不更事,我年幼无知。它的反意词即是temperate,温和的,适度的,有节制的。 例句, He is always temperate in his language. 他言辞总是很温和。 We should learn to be temperate in eating and drinking. 我们应该在饮食上有所节制。 Temperance can be a convenient disguise for fear. 温文尔雅以便掩饰胆怯。 He is a man of explays.( 4.02 ) 他是个有前科的人。 以前曾经犯过罪,或曾经被判刑的人,就被称作exconvict,简称excon。所以,“他是个有前科的人”还可以直接说成,He is an excon. An excellent leader need a thick skin.( 4.03 ) 优秀的领导要经得起批评。 在英语中,thick skin并不像汉语中“厚脸皮”的贬义色彩那么重。英英字典中,这个词条的同义形容词是:callous(冷淡无情的),hardened(有忍受力的),unfeeling(麻木的)。而汉语的“厚脸皮”应该对应的英文则是be cheeky,或是be impudent。 还有个和skin有关系的固定搭配,be in a bad skin或have a bad skin,意思是“生气”。例如:Don't disturb him, he's in a bad skin. 别去打扰他,他正火着呢。 Footsteps announced his return.( 4.04 ) 听脚步声就知道他回来了。 这是一句很生动、很地道的英文表达。announce,正式的宣布,宣告。可以是宣布一个晚宴的开始,announce dinner;可以是宣告婚期,announce marriage;还可以是广播电台的节目,announce program。而在这个句子中,announce对应的英文的解释是“To proclaim the presence or arrival of”,即,显示、展现某种状态。 例句: Numart's drawings for the "Daily Sentence" have announced his talent. numart为“每日一句”画的图片显示了他的才华。(numart不要脸红哦*_*) He who would search for pearls must dive below.( 4.05 ) 不入虎穴,焉得虎子 。 戏剧作家约翰德莱顿(John Drydon)的名言,字面的意思是,谁要寻找珍珠必要深入水下(欲采珍珠需潜深水)。与中文中的表达“不入虎穴,焉得虎子”有一些相似的意思:想要得到别人得不到的东西,就要敢于进入别人不敢进入的领域。 一个相似的用从句表达的句子:He who would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 爬梯必须从底层开始,或者用中文中现成的那句话,千里之行始于足下。 Why are you always all thumbs?( 4.06 ) 你怎么总是苯手笨脚的? 单词thumb,拇指,拇指被认为是十个手指中最不灵活的。所以由此意引申,词组be all thumbs,英文的解释是“Lacking physical coordination, skill, or grace; clumsy”,即,缺乏身体协调的能力、技巧,缺乏优雅的风范,笨拙的,用“苯手笨脚”这个成语正合适。这个词组还可以写成,be all fingers and thumbs。 例句:I was all fingers and thumbs this morning, and could hardly button up my shirt. 今天早上我笨极了,差点连衬衫都扣不上了。 It never rains, it pours.( 4.07 ) 不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。 句子的字面意思是,本来从不下雨的,却下起了倾盆大雨。虽然我们这里用的翻译是带有明显积极意义的成语“不鸣则已,一鸣惊人”,但实际上,英文中的这句话含有积极和消极两方面的涵义。 对此,英文的解释是,“One stroke of good (or ill) fortune is often followed by many other instances of luck (or misfortune) when you least expect them. ”,即,好的或坏的运气,在你完全没有料到的时候突然出现。因此,当我们用来形容“病来如山倒”或“祸不单行”之类的坏事时,也可以使用这句短语。 How much is his annual salary?( 4.08 ) 他的年薪是多少? annual salary,年薪。annual,一年生植物;一年一次的,每年的,一年生的 例句:Many garden plants are annuals. 许多观赏植物都是一年生的。 The doctor gave him a general anaesthetic.( 4.09 ) 医生给做他全身麻醉。 anaesthetic,比较难记的一个词,作为名词,麻醉剂,麻药,作为形容词,麻醉的。 例句:He is under anaesthetic. 他处于麻醉状态。 I find amusement in collecting stamps.( 4.10 ) 我发现了集邮的乐趣。 amuse,消遣,娱乐,使……发笑 例句:The boys amuse themselves by drawing caricatures of their teacher. 男孩子们以画老师的漫画取乐。 Why should you yell bloody murder to the boss?( 4.11 ) 你为什么一定要和老板大吵大闹? 我们经常用动词shout表示汉语的“吵闹”,其实这个词最核心的意思是“大声地叫喊”(make a loudy strong cry),并没有能传达出“闹”的成分和“吵”的语气。英语口语中有个yell bloody murder的说法,即包含了“吵”的架势,也包含了“闹”的色彩。 yell bloody murder,字面意思就是,像看到血腥谋杀一样地叫嚷,就像汉语中经常使用到的那个比喻“杀猪一样的嚎叫”,是很生动的一个短语。另外,英国口语中很少使用bloody这个词,因此当英国人在表示“大吵大闹”的概念时,一般习惯使用scream blue murder。 例句: He'll yell bloody murder to me if he knows I've told you this. 如果他知道我把这个消息告诉了你,一定会跟我大吵大闹的。 When she learned that her husband had dated other girls, she started yelling bloody murder. 当她得知他的丈夫和别的女孩子约会时,她就大吵大闹起来。 I blew the whistle on the whole thing.( 4.12 ) 我把整件事都抖落出来了。 名词whistle的一个主要意思就是警哨、警笛,动词短语blow the whistle(吹哨子)沿袭下来的意义就表示“告密,揭发,检举(不正当行为)”,是个俚语。由此形成的一个名词“告发”就是whistleblowing,“告密者”就是whistleblower。 例句: Someone has blown the whistle on his doctoring the accounts. 有人告发他伪造帐目。 It's said that those government officials who had blown the whistle also got transferred. 据说检举这个事的政府官员也被调职了。 I've been learning English off and on for 12 years.( 4.13 ) 我断断续续学了十二年英语了。 汉语“断断续续”的概念一般都是用off and on 这一短语来表示的。Off and on 在句中一般作状语,相当于一个副词,可放在动词之前,也可放在动词之后。除了可以用来表示“断断续续”的概念,还可以用来表示“有时……有时”或“一会儿……一会儿”之类的意思。 例句: The light is on and off. 这个灯有时亮,有时又不亮了。 The ache in the tooth is off and on. 牙疼时断时续。 They appointed him chairman.( 4.14 ) 他们任命他为主席。 appoint,任命,指定。再如: He was appointed ambassador to the United States. 他被任命为驻美国大使。 You'd better look before you leap.( 4.15 ) 你最好三思而后行。 一个常用的英语习语,字面意思是,跳之前先看看,基本就是汉语中“三思而行”的意思。 He lives in a house amongst the trees.( 4.16 ) 他住在一栋树木环绕的房子里。 介词amongst,在……之中,在……之间(=among)。再如: London is amongst the greatest cities of the world. 伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一。 You are a professional, but I am an amateur.( 4.17 ) 你是专职的,而我是业余的。 amateur a. 业余的 n. 业余爱好者 再如:The tournament is open to amateurs as well as professionals. 这次比赛不仅职业运动员可以参加,而且业余运动员也可以参加。 He was charged with smuggling.( 4.18 ) 有人告他走私。 动词词组charge sb. with sth.,控告某人做某事。 例句: She was charged with shoplifting. 有人告她从商店里偷东西。 He was charged with embezzlement. 他被指控犯有贪污罪。 The scalded cat fears cold water.( 4.19 ) 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。 动词scald,用沸水或热油清洗或烫伤。字面意思是,被烫过的猫连冷水也怕。和中文里的那句谚语“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳”不谋而合。 Are you kidding me?( 4.20 ) 你在耍我? kid作为名词,最熟悉的意思是“小孩子”;而作为动词,最常用的意思则是“哄骗,欺骗,耍弄”(To mock playfully; tease; To deceive in fun; fool)。 Have you got a backup plan?( 4.21 ) 你有第二手准备吗? backup作为形容词,指“后援的,备份的”,a backup plan即指“后备计划”。 I'm occupied.( 4.22 ) 我走不开。 动词occupy最常用的意思是“使用,占据,占领”。由动词occupy的过去分词演化而来的形容词occupied也就有了“被使用的,被占据的,投入精力做……事”等相应的意思。I'm occupied也就成为口语中经常用到的一句话,意思相当于“我脱不开身”“我正忙着”等。 例句: The WC is occupied. 厕所正有人用着。 She keeps her time well occupied. 她把时间排得很满。 He never touches alcohol.( 4.23 ) 他滴酒不沾。 再如:Let's never touch those instrument. 我们千万别碰那些仪器。 We are in the same boat.( 4.24 ) 我们是一根藤上的瓜。 in the same boat,字面意思是“在一条船上”,指处境相同,面临同样的危险。用中文的俗语“一根绳上的蚱蜢”或“一根藤上的瓜”比较贴切。 例句: People in the same boat should help each other. 境遇相同的人应该互相帮助。 Sleep tight! ( 4.25 ) 睡个好觉! 很简单的两个词,也是很地道一个英语表达。其中,tight并不是指被子盖得严,而是指早期人们睡的稻草床上的鬃绳绷得紧。过去,稻草的垫子就铺在纵横交错的鬃绳上,鬃绳起到弹簧的作用。这些鬃绳要定期的进行绷紧,否则鬃绳则变的松松垮垮,很不舒服。 来自于一首美国儿童中流行的形成于19世纪的儿歌:"Good night, sleep tight. Don't let the bed bugs bite."(晚安,好觉,别让虫子吵你觉)。 按照牛津字典的解释,tight的意思就是soundly(熟睡的)。还有一首相似的儿歌“Good night, sleep tight. Wake up bright in the morning light. To do what's right with all your might.” May I ask for quarter?( 4.26 ) 能不能请你高抬贵手? 名词quarter在这句话中并不是我们所熟悉的“四分之一”的意思,英文对此的解释是“Mercy or clemency, especially when displayed or given to an enemy”,即,(特别是针对敌人的)宽容,怜悯,仁慈。因此,相应的短语ask for quarter或beg for quarter就是“请求高抬贵手,请求手下留情,请求饶命”等意思。 例句: He has got no quarter from the competitors. 竞争对手们对他毫不留情。 You put the cart before a horse.( 4.27 ) 你本末倒置。 cart的意思是马车,字面意思是,把马车放在马的前面。这是一个习惯用法,相当于汉语中的成语“本末倒置”“颠倒黑白”之类。 She ran her stockings.( 4.28 ) 她的丝袜破了。 这个一个固定搭配,run one's stockings,指某人的袜子破了。千万不要和run with one's stockings弄混,后者的意思是,穿着丝袜跑步。如果多了一个with,意思可就大相径庭了。 This comedy has had them rolling in the aisles.( 4.29 ) 这出喜剧让他们乐得前仰后合。 名词aisle在这里的意思是戏院中座位间的过道。have them rolling in the aisle是一个固定的表达方式,强调笑的动作夸张,相当于中文里的“乐得前仰后合,捧腹大笑” 例句: Joe's imitation of famous politicians had us rolling in the aisles. 乔模仿著名政治家的即兴表演让我们乐得前仰后合。 A successful businessman must be aggressive.( 4.30 ) 一个成功的商人必须有进取心。 形容词aggressive,侵犯的,攻击性的,有进取心的 例句: America has a lot of aggressive weapons now. 美国现在有很多进攻性武器。 He is an aggressive man. 他是一个好斗的人。 2007年5月份汇总: Every man worth his salt.( 5.01 ) Do you have a sweet tooth?( 5.02 ) He started his business on a shoestring.( 5.03 ) He has geared himself up for the interview.( 5.04 ) We're square.( 5.05 ) Can we calculate on their help?( 5.06 ) The Summer Holiday is still a long way off.( 5.07 ) It's a matter of leverage.( 5.08 ) Nothing could damp down his spirits.( 5.09 ) She is particularly keen on nurturing the flowers.( 5.10 ) In other words, much thinking yields wisdom.( 5.11 ) I apologize if I seem forward.( 5.12 ) No one objected to the decision when it was made.( 5.13 ) He could not make both ends meet.( 5.14 ) Feast your eyes.( 5.15 ) Keep me updated.( 5.16 ) She walked back and forth on the path.( 5.17 ) I have racked my brain.( 5.18 ) Do we have an accord?( 5.19 ) It's no skin off my nose.( 5.20 ) I have to tighten my belt this month.( 5.21 ) I'll lay my hands on him sooner or later.( 5.22 ) Mary has my full confidence.( 5.23 ) He is just a whipping boy in this accident.( 5.24 ) Nowadays the graduates are a dime a dozen.( 5.25 ) Something must be done about it.( 5.26 ) Please boil down these documents for me.( 5.27 ) He is alive to the danger of the work.( 5.28 ) He was afflicted with cancer.( 5.29 ) Justice has long arms.( 5.30 ) I'm a little rusty on them.( 5.31 ) ========我是分割线======== 2007年5月份逐句详细解释: Every man worth his salt.( 5.01 ) 谁也不是白吃饭的。 在古罗马时期,盐是很宝贵的,罗马军队士兵的军饷里就包括一部分盐,后来改发购盐的证券,叫Salarium,这个词就演变为了salary。但是盐表示工钱的意思在习语中保留了下来。如今,固定搭配worth one's salt,中文意思就是胜任,称职,值得所付给的报酬。在电影《加勒比海盗》中,这是一句面对指责辩解的话。 Do you have a sweet tooth?( 5.02 ) 你爱吃甜食? 小孩子去看牙医尤其是去看蛀牙的时候,也许医生会问起这句话。固定搭配sweet tooth就表示喜爱吃甜事的习惯,英文的解释是“A fondness or craving for sweets”。 He started his business on a shoestring.( 5.03 ) 他用极少的本钱起家的。 作为名词,shoestring的意义可以是“鞋带”,也可以是“小额资本”,on a shoestring是美国口语中的一个习惯表达,表示“以极少的资金或不用资金”,英文的解释是“on a small sum of money; on capital that is barely adequate”。 在旅行社的广告中,会看到类似这样的句子:Adventures on a Shoestring,在这里,shoestring是指量力而行的省钱的安排。 He has geared himself up for the interview.( 5.04 ) 他为面试作好了准备。 名词gear,齿轮。作为动词,可以表示“将齿轮装上,使机器发动”等意思。词组gear up for sth.就等于get ready for sth.,即,为……做好准备。 再如:I hope you are all geared up for the new sales campaign. 我希望你们都为新的销售活动作好准备。 We're square.( 5.05 ) 我们扯平了。 作为形容词,square有一个意思,就是“公平的,结清的”。 例句: I saved your life, you saved mine, we're square. 我救你一命,你救我一命,我们扯平了。 Can we calculate on their help?( 5.06 ) 我们能指望他们的帮助吗? calculate on就等于count on,意思是指望,把……估算在内。 再如: We cannot calculate on having fine weather for the sports meeting. 我们不能指望有好天气开运动会。 The Summer Holiday is still a long way off.( 5.07 ) 离放暑假还早着呢。 a long way off作为习语中的一个固定表达,既可是表示时间上离现在很远(far in the future),也可以表示距离上离此地很远(at a long distance),所以生活中还会经常用到这个句子:The town is a long way off.那个镇子还远着呢。需要注意的是,介词off绝不可以丢掉。 It's a matter of leverage.( 5.08 ) 甘蔗没有两头甜。 名词leverage的本意是“杠杆的作用”,这里使用的是它的比喻意,即,做事情的时候,想让一头敲起(想让一件事情满足要求),就需要把另一头压下(就要牺牲另一些需求),英文的解释是“To affect as if by leverage”。所以,这句口语用中文里的那句“甘蔗没有两头甜”来诠释恰倒好处。 Nothing could damp down his spirits.( 5.09 ) 任何事情都不能破坏他的兴致。 damp down就等于make sad or dull,即,使沮丧,使扫兴 再如: Difficulties and failures did not damp down his enthusiasm. 困难和失败都没有挫伤他的热情。 She is particularly keen on nurturing the flowers.( 5.10 ) 她对养花特别着迷。 be keen on和词组be interested in,或be fond of或be eager to/for都是类似的意思,即,对……有兴趣;喜欢;渴望。 再如:I'm not very keen on jazz.我对爵士音乐不太感兴趣。 In other words, much thinking yields wisdom.( 5.11 ) 换句话说,多想出智慧。 in other words,换言之,换句话说,经常用来连接两个有解释关系的句子,起了承上启下的作用。在句子中的位置是灵活的。再如,He became, in other words,a great hero.换句话说,他变成了一个了不起的英雄。 I apologize if I seem forward.( 5.12 ) 如果我有所冒犯,我道歉。 Forward 在这里的意思可不是"向前",而是"鲁莽,无礼,冒失,胆大妄为"的意思,例如:a rude, forward child 一个粗鲁冒失的孩子。 No one objected to the decision when it was made.( 5.13 ) 做出这项决定时没有人反对。 动词词组object to,反对,即,oppose in words or argument。 再如: How can James object to my going away with you?詹姆斯怎么会反对我和你一起走呢? He could not make both ends meet.( 5.14 ) 他入不敷出。 make (both)ends meet: earn what it costs to live 收支相抵 再如: However much money you earn,it's still difficult to make ends meet. 不管你挣多少钱,若要收支平衡仍有困难。 Feast your eyes.( 5.15 ) 让你大饱眼福。 很容易理解的一句英文,feast作为动词,最常用的意思就是,盛宴款待。字面意思“款待你的眼睛”就等于中文里的那个成语“大饱眼福”。 Keep me updated.( 5.16 ) 有什么新情况? 动词update,升级,更新。中文的直译是“让我保持更新的状态”,就是在要求别人把某件事的最新进展告诉你。反过来,如果是你要告诉别人某件事的最新进展,你就可以说:Let me update. 注意,前面一句用的是动词的过去分词,作为形容词使用;后面一句用的是动词原形。 She walked back and forth on the path.( 5.17 ) 她在小路上来回走着。 表示“来来回回”的副词除了back and forth之外还可以用backwards and forwards、to and from或者up and down。 I have racked my brain.( 5.18 ) 我已经绞尽了脑汁。 词组rack one's brain,英文的解释是to cause great mental suffering,to torture brain by means of the rack.,即,用尽心思去思考事情,太用心了,好象饱受精神上的折磨。用汉语中的“绞尽脑汁”来形容正好。 Do we have an accord?( 5.19 ) 我们达成共识了吗? 名词accord,英文的解释是“Agreement; a settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions.”即,一致,协定,共识。因此,I am in accord with your opinion就等于I agree with you。 It's no skin off my nose.( 5.20 ) 那不关我的事。 一个俚语,skin off one's nose,和某人无关。我们口语中还经常遇到另外两个表示与某人无关的句子:It's not my business. 或是:It has nothing to do with me. I have to tighten my belt this month.( 5.21 ) 这个月我不得不勒紧裤腰带过日子。 其实中文中也一直有这个说法,形容经济拮据,手头不宽裕,需要节衣缩食度日。 再如: The harvest was bad last year, they all had to tighten their belts. 去年收成不好,他们都不得不节衣缩食。 I'll lay my hands on him sooner or later.( 5.22 ) 我迟早要收拾他。 词组lay one's hands on,找到,攻击。 例句: He's gone with the keys again, just wait till I lay my hands on him. 他又把钥匙拿走了,等我收拾他。 Mary has my full confidence.( 5.23 ) 我完全信任玛丽。 名词confidence有两个主要的意思:对自己的信心,自信(A feeling of assurance, especially of selfassurance.);对别人的信心,信任(Trust or faith in a person or thing.)。这句中使用的是后一种含义。 再如,I have every confidence in your ability to succeed. 我绝不怀疑你取得成功的能力。 He is just a whipping boy in this accident.( 5.24 ) 在这次事故中他只是替罪羊。 whipping boy最初指的是,封建时代,为王子或贵族伴读的男孩,因为王子或贵族做错了事而代为受鞭打。如今,大多只使用它的比喻意:充当替罪羊的人或物,代人受过。这个短语在实际生活中用的很多。 再如: We're very much a whipping boy in the academic community. 我们实在只是学术圈里的替罪羊。 Nowadays the graduates are a dime a dozen.( 5.25 ) 如今大学生多得不值钱了。 固定用法“a dime a dozen”,直译是“一角钱一打”,表示多得很,已经不稀罕、不值钱。需要注意的是,在句子中,动词要根据主语做单复数的变化,不能因为这个固定搭配的不定冠词“a”就只用单数。这个句子的中文翻译,如果直接使用字面意思“一毛钱一打”也是很生动的。 Something must be done about it.( 5.26 ) 必须得想个办法。 很口语的一句话,也是很典型的中英文思维方式的转换。“人”去想办法,用英文说,就成了“事”要被做。关于什么事情,介词用about。 Please boil down these documents for me.( 5.27 ) 请帮我整理出这些文件的核心内容。 词组boil down,最初的意思是“沸腾,使浓缩”(英文的解释:To reduce in bulk or size by boiling.),后来,它的引申意“归结,精简”(英文的解释:To condense; summarize)也成为日常用语。 再如:I made a wish on every star I could see, but usually they boiled down to one. 我对着每颗星星许个愿,但通常这些愿望会归结为一个。 He is alive to the danger of the work.( 5.28 ) 他非常清楚这项工作的危险。 形容词alive,我们比较熟悉的意思是“活着的”。这句中使用的是比较常用的一个习惯用语,可以从这个词的本意去理解:鲜活的,对……保持/拥有鲜活的状态。搭配be alive to就等于be aware of,或be sensitive to,意思是,“意识到,注意到,对……敏感”。 再如,She is a girl alive to the moods of others. 她是个对别人的心绪很敏感的女孩。 He was afflicted with cancer.( 5.29 ) 他患了癌症。 动词afflict的本意是,使痛苦,折磨。和其他几个动词的意义差不多,比如,torment, torture,agonize,rack等等。他们的核心意思都是“to bring great harm or suffering to someone”。其中,afflict加上介词with,再加上某种疾病,就成为“患某种疾病”的婉转的说法。 再如,He is afflicted with rheumatism. 他有风湿病。 She was afflicted with conscience. 她受良心的谴责。 Justice has long arms.( 5.30 ) 天网恢恢,疏而不漏。 名词arm有两种比较常用的含义:手臂;武器或武装。这个句子中,使用的是第一种含义的引申意思,英文的解释是“power or authority”(权力或权威)。中文中也有类似的表达,当我们说一个人“胳膊长”的时候,意思是这个人管的多。句子的字面意思是,正义的手臂很长,就是说,作奸犯科的人最终是逃不掉的,相当于“天网恢恢”的意境。 I'm a little rusty on them.( 5.31 ) 我对它们有些生疏了。 形容词rusty,原意“生锈的”。在句子中的意思是,做一件事情的时候,像生锈一样不灵活(Working or operating stiffly or incorrectly as if because of rust),生疏。英语中总喜欢用相对形象的比喻,而翻译成汉语时则偏向于使用相对抽象的形容词。 2007年6月份汇总: He dumped her. (6.01) Is it a bit over the top? (6.02) My father means what he says. (6.03) I stand on my rights. (6.04) She is soundly asleep. (6.05) He has changed his tune. (6.06) I had to sit up all night writing the report. (6.07) He decided to bring a suit against his boss.(6.08) Packaging has a close bearing on sales. (6.09) Don't be so upset, look at the positive side. (6.10) Check your answers with mine. (6.11) That might be in your favor. (6.12) Maybe we are partly to blame. (6.13) Stop crying and don't be such a baby.(6.14) Flags flew at halfmast upon the death of premier. (6.15) You're a onegirl guy. (6.16) Don't try to tie me down with those conventions. (6.17) What would you have done in my shoes? (6.18) Life is full of ups and downs. (6.19) I'll sleep next door. (6.20) He loves music, and above all classical music.(6.21) He was so absorbed in his work that he didn't see me.(6.22) The president is running for reelection. (6.23) I have arranged with him to meet at the restaurant. (6.24) The coach would change horses in the middle of the stream. (6.25) She soon becomes the centre of attention. (6.26) I'm sure he would toe the line. (6.27) He who is ashamed of asking is ashamed of learning. (6.28) She tried to avoid answering my questions. (6.29) It would be a mistake to dance to their tune. (6.30) ========我是分割线======== 2007年6月份逐句详细解释: He dumped her. (6.01) 他把她甩了。 动词dump 的本意是,(大量地)倾倒,倾泄(垃圾、过剩产品之类)。在口语中,形 容男女朋友分手,某个人把某个人甩了,就是用这个动词。英文的解释是“to discard or reject unceremoniously”(随便地抛弃或拒绝)。 Is it a bit over the top? (6.02) 是不是有点过了? 俚语over the top,表示超过了某个限度,有些让人不可接受。英文的解释是“surpassing a goal or quota”。电影的情节是,电视里英国首相布莱尔发表演说,赞颂去世的黛安娜 王妃,使用一些很大的词汇,比如“人民的王妃”,“英国人民爱戴她”之类。这时候,一个在 电视机前的普通观众问出这句话:A bit over the top, don't you think? (有点过了, 你不觉得?) My father means what he says. (6.03) 我爸爸是个言出必行的人。 动词mean,“意欲,打算”,mean what one says,表示是认真说的,并不是言浮于事、 说说就算的,而是真的会去做。口语中还经常用到另一句话,也和这个动词有关:You don't mean to say so! (你不是这个意思吧! 真的吗?) I stand on my rights. (6.04) 我坚持自己的权利。 动词词组stand on 在这句中的意思是,坚持某种立场、态度或主张。英文的解释是“To take up or maintain a specified position, altitude, or course”。这个词组还有另外一个含 义:依赖,依靠(To be based on; depend on),适合于解释下面例句中的第一句。 例句: I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turned to my parents. 我要设法自立而不是求助于父母。 Have you stood on your own opinion in the end? 你最终坚持自己的意见了吗? She is soundly asleep. (6.05) 她睡得很香。 最重要的是理解副词soundly在这个句子中的意思。sound作为名词,最为我们熟悉的是 “声音”的意思;但作为形容词,还有许多其他的含义。在这个句子中,sound 的意思是, 完全彻底的,充分的,不被打扰的。英文的解释是“deep and unbroken; undisturbed”。 由于asleep是形容词,所以在句子中使用sound的副词形式soundly。 比较几个形容睡觉的句子: Sleep tight! 睡个好觉!(是预祝性的,在对方睡之前说)(参考4 月25日每日一句) She is soundly asleep. 她睡得很香。(是同时性的,描述睡觉的状态) She slept well. 她睡得很好。(是回顾性的,是睡醒之后评价她的睡觉质量的) He has changed his tune. (6.06) 他改变立场了。 词组change one's tune,意思是“改变观点,改变立场,改变态度”。其实,如果使用tune 的原意“曲调,调子”把这个句子直译成“他改变腔调了”也是可以的,甚至更生活化、口语化。 例句:Why are you changing your tune? 你为什么要改变立场? I had to sit up all night writing the report. (6.07) 我不得不熬通宵写报告。 动词词组sit up除了本意“坐起来”以外,还有一个比较常用的意思“熬夜”,英文的解释是“To stay up later than the customary bedtime”。 例句:Do you always sit up all night playing online games? 你经常熬夜玩网游 吗? He decided to bring a suit against his boss.(6.08) 他决定起诉他的老板。 需要记住这个句子中的两个要点: 第一,名词suit一个比较重要的意思,就是“起诉,诉讼,控告”(a court proceeding to recover a right or claim); 第二,固定表达bring a suit against sb,意思就是“控告某人”。还有一个经常用到suit这个意思的词组be at suit,就是泛泛地说“打官司”或“官司缠身”。 Packaging has a close bearing on sales. (6.09) 包装与产品销路息息相关。 名词bearing,在这句中的意思是“关系,影响,意义”(relevant relationship or interconnection),来源于动词bear 的一个含义“有关系”。表示与某事、某物有关系,需 要使用介词on。 Don't be so upset, look at the positive side. (6.10) 别这么沮丧,往积极的方面看。 一句劝解人的话。形容词positive,积极的,正面的。形容词upset来源于动词upset 的含义:打翻,弄糟,使沮丧;英文的解释是“Having been overturned”;“In a state of emotional or mental distress”。 Check your answers with mine. (6.11) 把你的答案跟我的核对一下。 动词check 在句子中的意思是“校验,核对”(to verify by consulting a source or authority),特别是指与某种资源、某种权威比对以得出结论。 例句:I'm not sure about that word, I must check the spelling in the dictionary. 我对那个词拿不准,我必须查查字典里的拼写。 That might be in your favor. (6.12) 那可能对你有利。 介词词组in favor of有两个主要的含义:“支持、赞成”(In support of; approving); “有利于、对……有好处”(to the advantage of, to the benefit of)。这里使用的是后一 个意思,相当于in favor of you。 例句:If you work following the regulations, the odds are 100 to 1 in your favor. 如果你按照规章办事,出事故的可能性极小。 (直译就是说,对你有利的可能性和对你不利的可能性之比是100比1。) Maybe we are partly to blame. (6.13) 也许我们多少有些责任。 动词blame,责备,有错,该为……负责(deserve censure; at fault; be the cause or source of something)。句子中使用的是be 动词加to do 表示“应该”的被动含义,相 当于“maybe we should partly be blamed”,直译为,“也许我们部分地该受到责备”。 例句: You can't blame anyone. 你不能怪任何人。 Don't blame it on him, but on me. 别怪他, 该怪我。 Who is to blame in this accident? 这次事故谁该负责呢? Stop crying and don't be such a baby.(6.14) 别哭了,不要这样孩子气。 名词baby 除了我们熟悉的含义“孩子,婴儿”之外,还有一个固定的意思“孩子气的, 行为幼稚的人”(an adult or a young person who behaves in an infantile way)。 Flags flew at halfmast upon the death of premier. (6.15) 总理逝世的时候降了半旗。 “降半旗”,固定的表达方式就是“(旗子)fly at halfmast”。中文的说法是人作主语; 英文的表达是旗子作主语,直接用fly作动词。 You're a onegirl guy. (6.16) 你是个用情专一的人。 “用情专一”的表达方式之一。套用一下,如果形容一个女孩用情专一,应该就要写成 “oneman girl”。 Don't try to tie me down with those conventions. (6.17) 别想用那些规矩绊住我。 动词词组tie down,意思是“系住, 拴住, 束缚,限制”,即“constrain, confine, or limit”。 名词convention 在这句中的意思相当于custom,即“习俗,惯例,社会规范”,英文 的解释是“A practice or procedure widely observed in a group, especially to facilitate social interaction”。比如,握手就是一种convention,可以说成是“the convention of shaking hands” What would you have done in my shoes? (6.18) 如果你是我,你会怎么做呢? 固定搭配“in one's shoes”就表示“在某人的立场上,与某人角色互换”。相当于in one's situation或in one's position。名词shoe在这个搭配中要使用复数。 例句:You would understand my decision if you put yourself in my shoes. 如果设身处地地从我的角度想,你就理解我做的决定了。 Life is full of ups and downs. (6.19) 人生有得意的时候也有失意的时候。 固定搭配ups and downs,直接意思是上上下下,可以用来形容人生的起起落、时运的盛 衰沉浮。英文的解释是“alternating periods of good and bad fortune or spirits”。 I'll sleep next door. (6.20) 我要睡在隔壁。 在隔壁房间,直接用“next door”(隔壁的门)来表达就可以。 例句:If you're still watching TV, I'll sleep next door. 如果你还看电视,我就去 隔壁睡。 He loves music, and above all classical music.(6.21) 他喜欢音乐,尤其是古典音乐。 above all在句子中相当于especially,表示“尤其”。英文的解释是“over and above all other factors or considerations; before everything else”。 再如:Never waste anything,and above all never waste time. 任何东西都不可浪费,尤其不可以浪费时间。 He was so absorbed in his work that he didn't see me.(6.22) 他全神贯注于工作,没有看到我。 动词词组be absorbed in 相当于giving all one's attention to,意思是“沉湎于; 全神贯注于”。句子中还用到了一个so...that的句型,表示“太……以致于……”。 再如:Time passes quickly when you are absorbed in reading a good book. 当你沉醉于阅读一本好书时,时间会过得很快。 The president is running for reelection. (6.23) 总统正在谋求竞选连任。 作为动词,run除了“跑”以外,还有一个比较重要的意思“参加竞赛”。美国口语中,“参 加竞选”的意思就是由这个原意引申出来的。英文的解释是“to take part in strong competition”。Run 还有一个和竞选有关系的含义:举荐,推选,提名(To present or nominate for elective office)。比如说,The party ran her for senator. 该党提名她 为参议员。 I have arranged with him to meet at the restaurant. (6.24) 我和他约好在饭馆见面。 动词arrange,安排,准备。可以作及物动词用(to plan or prepare for),计划一次野 餐,arrange a picnic;也可以作不及物动词用(to make preparations; plan),筹办 一场盛大的婚礼,arrange for a big wedding。 再如:They arranged to meet at 7 o'clock. 他们约好7点钟见。 The coach would change horses in the middle of the stream. (6.25) 教练想中途换人。 一个习惯用语,change horses in the middle of the stream,直译是“在河中间换 马”,相当于汉语中的“中场换人”、“中途换将”之类。 She soon becomes the centre of attention. (6.26) 她很快成为大家注意的焦点。 名词attention 最常用的意思是“注意,注意力” 再如: Children like to be the centre of attention. 儿童喜欢引人注意。 Your suggestion has come to our attention. 我们已经注意到你的建议。 I'm sure he would toe the line. (6.27) 我相信他会守规矩的。 词组toe the line,也可以写成toe the mark,意思是认真遵守某种原则或规则。来源于体育比赛中的动作:用脚抵着边线或标记,表示已经为比赛的开始做好了准备。表示“脚趾,脚尖”的词toe在这里是作动词用。 例句: At daycare Brian has to toe the mark, but at home his mother's quite lenient. 在日间托儿所,布莱恩得乖乖听话;但是在家里,他妈妈管他很宽松。 He who is ashamed of asking is ashamed of learning. (6.28) 耻于问即耻于学。 词组be ashamed of,为……感到羞愧、耻辱、难为情。 再如: The poor boy was ashamed of his ragged clothes. 这个穷孩子为自己的破衣服感到难为情。 She tried to avoid answering my questions. (6.29) 她试图回避我的问题。 动词avoid,避免,回避。 再如,The general tried to avoid an engagement with the enemy. 那位将军竭力避免与敌军交战. It would be a mistake to dance to their tune. (6.30) 和他们周旋将是个错误。 名词tune,曲调,调子。整个习语dance to one's tune,直译就是“跟着某人的曲调跳舞”,用中文说,就可以是“听某人指挥,跟某人周旋,被某人牵着鼻子走,对某人唯命是从”之类。
特别感谢 ming7921 网友, 你辛苦了。所有版权,解释权归ming7921所有。