When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the bank-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor, who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is over drawn. In addition to that basic simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of These obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer unlike, say, the buyer of good, can not complain that the law is loaded against him.
The bank must obey its customers instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens a account, he instructs the bank debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to payout a customer's money on a cheque on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skillful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason, there is no risk to the customer in the moden practice, adopted by some banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If it facilities forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
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