分类:
2008-05-28 12:03:36
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
1)注意:接下来在打开的文本编辑器中,把你看到的内容全部删掉,下面的源里选择一组对于你来说速度最快的更新服务器列表,粘贴到文件中。
Archive.ubuntu.com更新服务器(欧洲,此为官方源,电信网通用户使用):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Ubuntu.cn99.com更新服务器(江苏省常州市电信,推荐电信用户使用):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Mirrors.shlug.org更新服务器(电信服务器,Ubuntu China Official Mirror, maintained by Shanghai Linux User Group):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
Mirror.lupaworld.com更新服务器(浙江省杭州市双线服务器):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
厦门大学更新服务器(教育网服务器):
deb ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-backports restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src ftp://ubuntu.realss.cn/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
成都市 电子科技大学更新服务器(教育网,推荐校园网和网通用户使用):
deb hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
== 如果无法解析uestc.edu.cn域名,请使用以下地址 ==
deb hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
上海市上海交通大学更新服务器(教育网,推荐校园网和网通用户使用):
deb hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国科学技术大学更新服务器(教育网,推荐校园网和网通用户使用):
deb hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国台湾 台湾大学更新服务器(推荐网通用户使用,电信PING平均响应速度41MS。强烈推荐此源,比较完整,较少出现同步问题):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
mirror.rootguide.org更新服务器(上海市 电信):
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
台湾的官方源速度也相当不错,有时甚至快于内地的:
deb hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
2)更新软件包列表。执行下面的命令:
sudo apt-get update
3)安装系统更新
(此过程很慢)
打开“系统->系统管理->更新管理器”,安装更新。完成后若系统提示重新启动,请重新启动系统。
当你注销後重新登录,界面就变成中文的了。
安装输入法scim:
$sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm im-switch scim-pinyin
$apt-get install scim-tables-zh
$im-switch -z en_US -s scim
安装完输入法以后,可以在设置中将不用的输入法去掉,但是要退出scim(exit),然后重启scim(在终端:scim -d).
安装adobereader:
虽然Ubuntu自带pdf阅读软件,但是似乎对中文支持不太好,如果中文pdf文件是用图片生成的,那么阅读不成问题,但是如果是直接转化的,那打开就有可能为乱码。
1)下载源码包 :下载地址为
或者在我的ftp目录下下载。
2)解压缩,并进入解压后的目录;
3)sudo ./INSTALL
OK,完成了!
或者下载deb包,直接安装:dpkg -i *.deb
sudo apt-get install audacious
安装audacious的解码器:
sudo apt-get install audacious-plugins audacious-plugins-extra audacious-plugins-extra-console
配置:
不知什么原因,这款软件安装后默认音量比较小,我们来设置一下:
首选项-Replay Gain-Default gain
这里的默认值是-5.00,将它改回0.00,这样就和系统的音量一样了。
首选项-播放列表-元数据:
装入时:选择此项
使用自动编码检测器:chinese
备用字符编码:GBK
删除播放列表,再重新加入歌曲就可以了。如果不想删除也可以,每一个播放过得歌曲,或者双击过得歌曲,乱马都会变得正常!!:-))
参考:
推荐一个类似千千静听的音乐播放器:[推荐]Ubuntu下的播放器 YOYOPlayer
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-pitfdll gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse gstreamer0.10-esd
2)安装 MPlayer :
sudo apt-get install mplayer mplayer-fonts
配置 Mplayer :
首先打开文件:
sudo cp /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf_backup找出下面这一行
...
vo=x11, # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for
...
以下面这一行取代
vo=xv, # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for
3)安装解码器 :
安装 w32codecs解码器(用于播放wmv、rmvb等常见windows平台下的多媒体文件;假设你已经添加了ubuntu-cn源)。
sudo apt-get install w32codecs你也可以自己到Mplayer网站下载最新的解码包,网址是 选择其中“Binary Codec Packages”标题下的“linux x86 ...”, 如Linux x86 20061022, 下载后解压到 /usr/local/lib/codecs/ 或 /usr/local/lib/win32即可。
4)配置中文字幕显示(可选):
mkdir ~/.mplayer
ln -sf /usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc ~/.mplayer/subfont.ttf
gedit ~/.mplayer/gui.conf
sub_cp = "cp936"
font_text_scale = "4.000000"
font_osd_scale = "4.000000"
sub_fuzziness=2
5)安装浏览器插件 :
sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer
重启Firefox使mozilla-mplayer插件生效
安装完后试用,出现问题:Error opening/initializing the selected video_out (-vo) device
没有办法播放视频。其实解决的方法很简单:
打开MPLAYER—->右击—->选择“preferences”—->”Video”选项卡—->在”Availabe Drivers”中选择“X11“—->点”OK”关闭设置—->重启Mplayer。
参考:
很有用的一个参考网站:
安装Firefox的扩展插件:断点续传的多线程下载工具──DownThemAll!
安装:很简单,直接在Firefox中点击Tools(工具)──附加组件,在打开的窗口中点击->获取附加组件,
就会另外打开一个浏览器窗口,在这个Firefox的扩展网站上,你输入该名字,搜索,安装就可以了。
扩充:平常用的Firefox的扩展插件
Extensions:
adblock plus
all-in-one gestures
downthemall
personal menu
xyzproxy
tab mix plus
Themes:
minifox
man手册的安装:
$ sudo apt-get install binutils-doc cpp-doc gcc-4.1-doc gcc-doc
glibc-doc libstdc++6-4.1-doc stl-manual cpp-4.1-doc manpages
manpages-dev
具体使用可参看另一篇文章:。
Chrominum的安装:
1.获取KEY
2.添加源:sudo apt-key adv –recv-keys –keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 4E5E17B5
deb karmic main
deb-src karmic main
Ubuntu 9.04
deb jaunty main
deb-src jaunty main
Ubuntu 8.10
deb intrepid main
deb-src intrepid main
Ubuntu 8.04
deb hardy main
deb-src hardy main
3.更新
sudo apt-get update
4.安装
sudo apt-get install chromium-browser