[oracle@sms ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 02:01:51 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initsom.ora'
SQL> startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/admin/som/pfile/init.ora';
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [keltnfy-ldmInit], [46], [1], [], [], [], [], []
由于 hostname 和 /etc/hosts 机器名称不一致导致。
修改/etc/hosts 和 /etc/sysconfig/network， 重启linux，重新启动数据库。
[oracle@sms ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 02:25:33 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 62916852 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/admin/som/pfile/init.ora';
File created.
检查alter文件：
===========================================
Thu Apr 24 02:33:38 2008
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/som/udump/som_ora_7198.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-39700: database must be opened with UPGRADE option
===========================================
查看错误信息：
SQL> !oerr ora 39700
39700, 00000, "database must be opened with UPGRADE option"
// *Cause: A normal database open was attempted, but the database has not
// been upgraded to the current server version.
// *Action: Use the UPGRADE option when opening the database to run
// catupgrd.sql (for database upgrade), or to run catalog.sql
// and catproc.sql (after initial database creation).
SQL>
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
主要原因是升级以后数据字典的一些基表的内容修改了。catalog.sql和catproc.sql这2个脚本需要在运行一下把数据字典视图在更新一下。
解决方法:使用startup upgrade启动。
[oracle@sms ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 02:39:09 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup upgrade;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 62916852 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql;
执行过程中有错误，完成后仍然无法正常启动；这个脚本不可以，换另外两个脚本执行。
[oracle@sms ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 24 02:39:09 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup upgrade;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 62916852 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 79694068 bytes
Database Buffers 83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
