本系列文档的其他部分链接如下:
一、概述及Cacti的工作流程
二、Cacti的安装
三、Cacti的使用
四、Cacti脚本及模板
五、Cacti插件
六、Cacti高级应用--打造自己的Cacti模板
一. cacti 架构
二. cacti工作流程
三. cacti的安装
1. 安装环境:RedHat AS4.8
2. 安装Apache、MySQL、PHP
(1).安装MySQL
//查看系统中是否已经安装了MySQL,如果是卸载所有以mysql 开头的包。
# rpm –qa | grep mysql
# rpm –e mysql-*
//查找/etc/my.cnf(MySQL 的选项配置文件),如果有请删除它,以免影响新
安装版本的启动。
# rm –f /etc/my.cnf
# tar –zxvf mysql-4.1.10.tar.gz
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql && make && make install
//添加用于启动MySQL 的用户及用户组(如果以前安装过MySQl,用户及用户
组可能已存在)。
# useradd mysql
# cd /usr/local/mysql
//修改MySQl 目录的所有权
# chown –R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
修改数据库属主
Chown mysql var
Bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &
Echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &’>>/etc/rc.local
# ln –s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
(2).安装Apache
下载地址:
# tar –zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.2.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so
//编译时加上加载模块参数--enable-so
# make
# make install
#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
//修改Apache 配置文件,添加ServerName (或ServerName 本
机ip)
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
// 在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start, 系统启动时启动
Apache 服务。
(3).安装PHP
先安装zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg 以便于让PHP 支持GD 库( Cacti 的WeatherMap
插件必须要GD 库的支持)
1).安装zlib
tar zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
2).安装libpng
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.16.tar.tar
cd libpng-1.2.16
cd scripts/
mv makefile.linux ../makefile
cd ..
make
make install
注意,这里的makefile 不是用./configure 生成,而是直接从scripts/里拷一个
3).安装freetype
tar zxvf freetype-2.3.4 .tar.gz
cd freetype-2.3.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
make
make install
4).安装Jpeg
tar -zxf jpegsrc-1.v6b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-6b/
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/include
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/bin
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/lib
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man
mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1
//可以用mkdir -p /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1 一步创建多层目录
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libjpeg --enable-shared --enable-static
make && make install
注意,这里configure 一定要带--enable-shared 参数,不然,不会生成共享库
5).安装libxml,RedHat AS 4 默认安装libxml 包,但版本太低,PHP5 需要更高
版本的libxml 包。
# tar –zxvf libxml2-2.6.25.tar.gz libxml2-devel也要装(RPM)
# cd libxml2-2.6.25
# ./configure
# make
# make install
6).安装Fontconfig (用RPM安装,灰字忽略)扩展包和关联包也装上
tar -zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz
cd fontconfig-2.4.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/fontconfig --with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype/bin/freetype-config
make
make install
7).安装GD
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.34.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.34
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libgd --with-png --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg=/usr/local/libjpeg
make
make install
编译时显示以下信息:
** Configuration summary for gd 2.0.34:
Support for PNG library: yes
Support for JPEG library: yes
Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes
Support for Fontconfig library: yes
Support for Xpm library: no
Support for pthreads: yes
8).编辑/etc/ld.so.conf,添加以下几行到此文件中。
/usr/local/zlib/lib
/usr/local/freetype/lib
/usr/local/libjpeg/lib
/usr/local/libgd/lib
并执行ldconfig 命令,使用动态装入器装载找到共享库
9).安装PHP
tar -zxvf php-5.2.3.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg --with-png-dir=/usr --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets
#注:如果出现configure: error: cannot find output from lex; giving up,从光盘安装flex包即可解决。-_-!!
# make
# make install
# ln –s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
查找AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
在其下加入AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType image/x-icon .ico
修改DirectoryIndex 行,添加index.php
修改为DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var
# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.php
添加以下行:
Phpinfo();
?>
wq 保存退出。
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart
在浏览器中输入:http:///test.php 进行测试。
对php 编译选项的解释:
--prefix=/usr/local/php //指定PHP 的安装目录
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs //支持Apache 模块
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql //支持MySQl
--with-gd=/usr/local/libgd //支持GD 库
--enable-gd-native-ttf //激活对本地TrueType 字符串函数的支持
--with-ttf //激活对FreeType 1.x 的支持
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype //激活对FreeType 2.x 的支持
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg //激活对jpeg-6b 的支持
--with-png-dir //激活对png 的支持
--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib//激活对zlib 的支持
--enable-mbstring //激活mbstring 模块
--with-mail //支持Mail 函数
--enable-xml //支持XML
--enable-sockets //支持套接字
3. 安装RRDTool
由于rrdtool-1.2.23 需要一些库文件支持,故需先安装配置支持的环境,然后编译安
装。
需要的包:cgilib-0.5.tar.gz、zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz、freetype-
2.3.5.tar.gz、libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz、rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
tar zxf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz
(1)cd cgilib-0.5
对于0.5版本的cgilib源码部分需做一定的修改:
在 cgi.c 里寻找 #include ,把那行删掉
修改cgitest.c中116行的错误
116行的代码如下:
printf ("Cookie "Library" set
\n";
应为代码出错,正确的应是
printf ("Cookie \"Library\" set
\n";
make
make install
mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include
cp cgi.h /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include
mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib
cp libcgi.a /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib
(2)tar zxf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb
make
make install
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz
(3)cd libpng-1.2.18
./configure --disable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb
make
make install
tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
(4)cd freetype-2.2.5
./configure --disable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb
make
make install
(5)tar zxvf libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz 用RPM把开发包也装上libart_lgpl-devel....
cd libart_lgpl-2.3.17
./configure --disable-shared --
prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb
make;make install
(6)tar xjf intltool-0.40.6.tar.bz2
Cd intltool-0.40.6
./configure
Make;make install
(7)tar zxf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.2.23
./configure --prefix=/uar/local/rrdtool --disable-tcl &&
make && make install
//完成后建立符号连接
ln –s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
cp /usr/local/lib/libpng.so.0 /usr/lib/ 这步必须有,否则报错找不到此文件。
//执行rrdtool 看是否安装正确
4. 安装net-snmp
# tar zxvf net-snmp-5.2.4.tar.gz
#cd net-snmp-5.2.4
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp --enable-developer
#make
#make install
# ln –s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
#cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
修改/usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf文件的61和62行,设置可以访问改SNMP的网段以及community名称。
比如设置为
com2sec local localhost public
com2sec mynetwork 192.168.100.0/24 public
# /usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
启动SNMP 服务
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
//在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf,系统启动时启动SNMP
服务。
5. 安装Cacti
Cacti 官方网站:
# tar –zxvf cacti-0.8.6j.tar.gz
# mv cacti-0.8.6j /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti
# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
//添加cacti 用户
# useradd cacti
//将rra 目录的所有权给cacti 用户
# chown –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra
//修改cacti 目录所属组
# chgrp –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti
//添加cron 任务
# crontab –e
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php
> /dev/null 2>&1
6. 安装Cactid
CACTID 的安装需要以下支持:
net-snmp-devel (需要编译安装net-snmp 时添加--enable-developer 选项)
mysql
mysql-devel (mysql 源文件编译安装后默认支持)
openssl-devel (Redhat 默认安装)
# tar -zxvf cacti-cactid-0.8.6i.tar.gz
# cd cacti-cactid-0.8.6i
# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp
# make;
//这时你将在此目录下看到多出了cactid、cactid.conf 两个文件
# mkdir /usr/local/cactid
# cp cactid cactid.conf /usr/local/cactid
# vi /usr/local/cactid/cactid.conf //修改cactid 配置文件
DB_Host 127.0.0.1
DB_Database cacti
DB_User cacti
DB_Pass cacti
7. 数据库配置
#mysql –uroot –p
Password:
mysql> create database cacti;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by “cacti”;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>exit
# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti
# mysql –uroot –p cacti < cacti.sql
Password:
补充:#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.15
#ldconfig
这两句要加上,否则系统无法找到libmysqlclient.so.15库
Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log
Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra
8. 完成cacti 的安装
1).在浏览器中输入:
默认用户名:admin 密码:admin
设置cacti用到的命令路径
snmpwalk Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/snmpget
RRDTool Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path /usr/local/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log/cacti.log
Cactid Poller File Path /usr/local/cactid/cactid
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