oracle字符集问题,登陆sqlplus出现问号

在linux下装了一个oracle 10g,登录sqlplus 后,显示
SQL> startup
ORACLE ???????

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes
Variable Size              67111156 bytes
Database Buffers           96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
????????
????????

然后赶快查看一下NLS
SQL> show parameter nls_la

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
nls_language                         string      SIMPLIFIED CHINESE

解决方法:
退出sqlplus
在oracle用户下执行
export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk
可以编辑 bash_profile 文件进行永久设置
vi .bash_profile
NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk export NLS_LANG
再重新登录sqlplus

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes
Variable Size              67111156 bytes
Database Buffers           96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

Ok,搞定

虽然解决了问题了,但是还是赶快补充了一下字符集的知识
下面几个链接说的很不错
http://www.itpub.net/276524.html
http://space.itpub.net/10159839/viewspace-159269