主机硬盘故障，厂家更换硬盘后，在启动数据库时发现ASM和instance无法启动
1、查看状态
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ crs_stat
NAME=ora.billdb.billdb1.inst
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=OFFLINE
NAME=ora.billdb.billdb2.inst
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.billdb.db
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=UNKNOWN on chnfscc1
NAME=ora.chnfscc1.LISTENER_CHNFSCC1.lsnr
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc1
NAME=ora.chnfscc1.gsd
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc1
NAME=ora.chnfscc1.ons
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc1
NAME=ora.chnfscc1.vip
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc1
NAME=ora.chnfscc2.ASM2.asm
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.chnfscc2.LISTENER_CHNFSCC2.lsnr
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.chnfscc2.gsd
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.chnfscc2.ons
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
NAME=ora.chnfscc2.vip
TYPE=application
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on chnfscc2
2、检查crs没有发现异常
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$
3、用crs_start和srvctl均无法启动asm实例
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ crs_start ora.billdb.billdb1.inst
CRS-1028: Dependency analysis failed because of:
'Resource in UNKNOWN state: ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm'
CRS-0223: Resource 'ora.billdb.billdb1.inst' has placement error.
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ srvctl start asm -n CHNFSCC1
PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [CRS-1028: Dependency analysis failed because of:
CRS-0223: Resource 'ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm' has placement error.]]
[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [CRS-1028: Dependency analysis failed because of:
CRS-0223: Resource 'ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm' has placement error.]]
4、关闭asm实例
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ crs_stop ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm
Attempting to stop `ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm` on member `chnfscc1`
`ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm` on member `chnfscc1` has experienced an unrecoverable failure.
Human intervention required to resume its availability.
CRS-0216: Could not stop resource 'ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm'.
关闭失败，用参数-f强制关闭
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ crs_stop -f ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm
Attempting to stop `ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm` on member `chnfscc1`
Stop of `ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm` on member `chnfscc1` succeeded.
Target set to OFFLINE for `ora.billdb.billdb1.inst`
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$
5、再次尝试启动asm，有错误出现
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$ srvctl start asm -n CHNFSCC1
PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Aug 3 16:21:04 2010
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: ERROR:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:HPUX-ia64 Error: 6: No such device or address
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Additional information: 9925
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:HPUX-ia64 Error: 6: No such device or address
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Additional information: 9925
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: SP2-0306: Invalid option.
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Usage: CONN[ECT] [logon] [AS {SYSDBA|SYSOPER}]
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:where ::= [/][@] | / chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: Enter password:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ERROR:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-01005: null password given; logon denied
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm'.]]
[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM1" on node "CHNFSCC1", [chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Aug 3 16:21:04 2010
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: ERROR:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:HPUX-ia64 Error: 6: No such device or address
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Additional information: 9925
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:HPUX-ia64 Error: 6: No such device or address
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Additional information: 9925
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: SP2-0306: Invalid option.
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Usage: CONN[ECT] [logon] [AS {SYSDBA|SYSOPER}]
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:where ::= [/][@] | / chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:Enter user-name: Enter password:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ERROR:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:ORA-01005: null password given; logon denied
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
chnfscc1:ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm:
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.chnfscc1.ASM1.asm'.]]
oracle@CHNFSCC1[billdb1]:/home/oracle$
6、解决方法，ORA-09925错误是由于$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/audit目录无法写入导致，修正权限即可
Diagnosis:
On UNIX:
1) Ensure the directory $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/audit or the directory
specified by the init.ora exists, is writable by the oracle software owner and that the disk is not full.
2) Check $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle has permission of 6755.
If not, then correct the permissions by executing this from the
$ORACLE_HOME/bin directory:
chmod 6755 oracle
