Python—标准遗传算法求函数最大值代码实现

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# import math as mt

import seaborn as sns

sns.set_style('darkgrid')

x=np.arange(0,10,0.02)

y=x+10*np.sin(5*x)+7*np.cos(4*x)

plt.plot(x,y)   #画原函数

plt.title('Primitive function')

plt.xlabel('x',fontsize = 10)

plt.ylabel('y',fontsize = 10)

plt.savefig('pic1',bbox_inches = 'tight',pad_inches = 0,dpi =350)

plt.close()

def funcl(x):

    y=y=x+10*np.sin(5*x)+7*np.cos(4*x)

    return y

#%%

NP=50   #初始化种群数

L=20    #二进制位串长度

Pc=0.8  #交叉率

Pm=0.3  #变异率

G=100   #最大遗传代数

Xs=10   #上限

Xx=0    #下限

f=np.random.randint(0,high=2,size=(NP,L))   #生成随机初始种群

fit=np.zeros((1,100))[0].tolist()

x=np.zeros((1,100))[0].tolist()

trace=[]

xtrace=[]

#%%遗传算法循环

for i in range(G):

    print(i)

    nf=f

    for M in range(0,NP,2):

        p=np.random.rand()     #交叉

        if p

            q=np.random.randint(0,high=2,size=(1,L))[0].tolist()

            for j in range(L):

                if q[j]==1:

                    temp=nf[M+1][j]

                    nf[M+1][j]=nf[M][j]

                    nf[M][j]=temp

    j=1

    while j<=(NP*Pm):

        h=np.random.randint(1,high=NP)  #变异

        for k in range(round(L*Pm)):

            g=np.random.randint(1,high=L)

            nf[h][g]=(not nf[h][g])+0         #取反操作，python和matlab不一样

        j+=1

    #交叉变异结束之后，新一代nf加上前代f共2*NP个个体进行筛选

    newf=np.vstack((f,nf))

    for j in range(newf.shape[0]):

        U=newf[j]

        m=0

        for k in range(L):

            m=U[k]*(2**(k-1))+m    #将二进制解码为定义域范围内十进制

        x[j]=Xx+m*(Xs-Xx)/(2**(L-1))

        fit[j]=funcl(x[j])         #适应度函数

    maxfit=max(fit)

    minfit=min(fit)

    if maxfit==minfit:

        break

    rr=fit.index(maxfit)

    fbest=f[rr]

    xbest=x[rr]

    Fit=(np.array(fit)-minfit)/(maxfit-minfit)

    sum_Fit=sum(Fit)   #概率筛选复制操作（不是简单的复制，我们是根据适应函数给导向的）

    Pfit=Fit/sum_Fit

    indexnf=np.arange(0,100).tolist()

    ng=[]

    for dex in range(NP):

        ng.append(np.random.choice(indexnf,p=Pfit))

    for j in range(NP):

        f[j]=newf[ng[j]]

    f[0]=fbest

    trace.append(maxfit)

    xtrace.append(xbest)

plt.plot(trace,color='green', marker='o',linewidth=2, markersize=3)

plt.xlabel('Number of iterations',fontsize = 10)

plt.ylabel('maxyvalue',fontsize = 10)

plt.savefig('pic3',bbox_inches = 'tight',pad_inches = 0,dpi =350)

plt.close()

plt.plot(xtrace,color='m', marker='o',linewidth=2, markersize=3)

plt.xlabel('Number of iterations',fontsize = 10)

plt.ylabel('Corresponding xvalue',fontsize = 10)

plt.savefig('pic2',bbox_inches = 'tight',pad_inches = 0,dpi =350)

plt.close()