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分类: Oracle

2010-04-29 15:01:21

  表函数可接受查询语句或游标作为输入参数,并可输出多行数据。该函数可以平行执行,并可持续输出数据流,被称作管道式输出。应用表函数可将数据转换分阶段处理,并省去中间结果的存储和缓冲表。

  1. 用游标传递数据

  利用游标 REF CURSOR 可将数据集(多行记录)传递到PL/SQL函数:

  SELECT *

  FROM TABLE (myfunction (CURSOR (SELECT *

  FROM mytab)));

  2. 利用两个实体化视图(或表)作为样板数据

  CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sum_sales_country_mv

  BUILD IMMEDIATE

  REFRESH COMPLETE

  ENABLE QUERY REWRITE

  AS

  SELECT   SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) YEAR, c.country_id country,

  SUM (sum_amount_sold) sum_amount_sold

  FROM sum_sales_month_mv s, customers c

  WHERE s.cust_id = c.cust_id

  AND c.country_id IN ('US', 'UK', 'FR', 'ES', 'JP', 'AU')

  GROUP BY SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4), c.country_id;

  CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sum_es_gend_mv

  BUILD DEFERRED

  REFRESH FAST

  ENABLE QUERY REWRITE

  AS

  SELECT   SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) YEAR,

  s.calendar_month_desc cal_month, c.cust_gender,

  SUM (sum_amount_sold) sum_amount_sold

  FROM sum_sales_month_mv s, customer c

  WHERE s.cust_id = c.cust_id

  AND c.country_id = 'ES'

  AND sunstr (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) = '2000'

  GROUP BY SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4),

  s.calendar_month_desc,

  c.cust_gender;

 

  3. 定义对象类型和基于对象类型的表类型

  定义对象类型并且为进一步引用做好准备。

  (1)定义对象类型:TYPE sales_country_t

  CREATE TYPE sales_country_t AS OBJECT (

  YEAR              VARCHAR2 (4),

  country           CHAR (2),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  (2)定义表类型:TYPE SUM_SALES_COUNTRY_T_TAB

  CREATE TYPE sum_sales_country_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_country_t;

  (3)定义对象类型:TYPE sales_gender_t

  CREATE TYPE sales_gender_t AS OBJECT (

  YEAR              VARCHAR2 (4),

  country_id        CHAR (2),

  cust_gender       CHAR (1),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  (4)定义表类型:TYPE SUM_SALES_GENDER_T_TAB

  CREATE TYPE sum_sales_gender_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_gender_t;

  (5)定义对象类型:TYPE sales_roll_t

  CREATE TYPE sales_roll_t AS OBJECT (

  channel_desc      VARCHAR2 (20),

  country_id        CHAR (2),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  (6)定义表类型:TYPE SUM_SALES_ROLL_T_TAB

  CREATE TYPE sum_sales_roll_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_roll_t;

  (7)检查一下建立的类型

  SELECT object_name, object_type, status

  FROM user_objects

  WHERE object_type = 'TYPE';

 

  4. 定义包:Create package and define REF CURSOR

  CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE cursor_pkg

  IS

  TYPE sales_country_t_rec IS RECORD (

  YEAR              VARCHAR (4),

  country           CHAR (2),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  TYPE sales_gender_t_rec IS RECORD (

  YEAR              VARCHAR2 (4),

  country_id        CHAR (2),

  cust_gender       CHAR (1),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  TYPE sales_roll_t_rec IS RECORD (

  channel_desc      VARCHAR2 (20),

  country_id        CHAR (2),

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER

  );

  TYPE sales_country_t_rectab IS TABLE OF sales_country_t_rec;

  TYPE sales_roll_t_rectab IS TABLE OF sales_roll_t_rec;

  TYPE strong_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR

  RETURN sales_country_t_rec;

  TYPE row_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR

  RETURN sum_sales_country_mv%ROWTYPE;

  TYPE roll_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR

  RETURN sales_roll_t_rec;

  TYPE refcur_t IS REF CURSOR;

  END corsor_pkg;

  5. 定义表函数

  (1)定义表函数:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_Week

  CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_week (cur CURSOR.refcur_t)

  RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab

  IS

  YEAR              VARCHAR (4);

  country           CHAR (2);

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER;

  objset            sum_sales_country_t_tab := sum_sales_country_t_tab ();

  i                 NUMBER                  := 0;

  BEGIN

  LOOP

  -- Fetch from cursor variable

  FETCH cur

  INTO YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold;

  EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND;

  -- exit when last row is fetched

  -- append to collection

  i := i + 1;

  objset.EXTEND;

  objset (i) := sales_country_t (YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold);

  END LOOP;

  CLOSE cur;

  RETURN objset;

  END;

  /

 

  (2)定义表函数:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_Strong

  CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_strong (cur cursor_pkg.strong_refcur_t)

  RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab PIPELINED

  IS

  YEAR              VARCHAR (4);

  country           CHAR (2);

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER;

  i                 NUMBER      := 0;

  BEGIN

  LOOP

  FETCH cur

  INTO YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold;

  EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND;                   -- exit when last row fetched

  PIPE ROW (sales_country_t (YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold));

  END LOOP;

  CLOSE cur;

  RETURN;

  END;

  /

  (3)定义表函数:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_row

  CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_row (cur cursor_pkg.row_refcur_t)

  RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab PIPELINED

  IS

  in_rec    cur%ROWTYPE;

  out_rec   sales_country_t := sales_country_t (NULL, NULL, NULL);

  BEGIN

  LOOP

  FETCH cur

  INTO in_rec;

  EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND;                -- exit when last row is fetched

  out_rec.YEAR := in_rec.YEAR;

  out_rec.country := in_rec.country;

  out_rec.sum_amount_sold := in_rec.sum_amount_sold;

  PIPE ROW (out_rec);

  END LOOP;

  CLOSE cur;

  RETURN;

  END;

  /

 

  (4)定义表函数:FUNCTION Gender_Table_Ref_Cur_Week

  CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gender_table_ref_cur_week (cur cursor_pkg.refcur_t)

  RETURN sum_sales_gender_t_tab

  IS

  YEAR              VARCHAR2 (4);

  country_id        CHAR (2);

  cust_gender       CHAR (1);

  sum_amount_sold   NUMBER;

  objset            sum_sales_gender_t_tab := sum_sales_gender_t_tab ();

  i                 NUMBER                 := 0;

  BEGIN

  LOOP

  FETCH cur

  INTO YEAR, country_id, cust_gender, sum_amount_sold;

  EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND;                -- exit when last row is fetched

  i := i + 1;

  objset.EXTEND;

  objset (i) :=

  sum_sales_gender_t (YEAR, country_id, cust_gender, sum_amount_sold);

  END LOOP;

  CLOSE cur;

  RETURN objset;

  END;

  /

  6. 调用表函数

  下列 SQL 查询语句调用已被定义的表函数。

  SELECT *

  FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_week (CURSOR (SELECT *

  FROM sum_sales_country_mv)));

  SELECT *

  FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_strong (CURSOR (SELECT *

  FROM sum_sales_country_mv)));

  SELECT *

  FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_row (CURSOR (SELECT *

  FROM sum_sales_country_mv)));

  SELECT *

  FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_week (CURSOR (SELECT *

  FROM sum_sales_country_mv

  WHERE country = 'AU')));

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