OS:Concurrent and Distributed Software Design(9)

Part I System Design: Technology & Principles

Chpt. 2. System structure and dynamic execution

2.1 System structure: Conceptual views

2.2.1. Types and abstract data types (ADT,抽象数据类型)

Type:  a word given to a named set of items having some property in common

Abstract data type (ADT): a set of items defined by the collection of operations that they can carry out. The elements of such a set are usually referred to as values.

2.1.2. Interfaces

2.1.3. State

An ADT normally has two roles:

A supplier of services (another ADT can make use of its operations)

A client (a user of the services provided by other ADTs)

 

2.2. System structure: Implementational views

// From ADTs to programming languages

// By the way, 本书以Java来进行描述(怕怕)。

2.2.1. Object-oriented programming (object-orientated)

       Method, object, class的概念。

2.2.2. Interfaces         2.2.3. Implementation

       区别Interface与Implementation

Encapsulation: An important principle of object-oriented programming, taken from ADTs, is that the state of an object should be hidden from users of the object.

2.2.4. Object interactions

Formal argument: a place holder for the actual argument.

Synchronous processing:  in a sequence of method calls, a call can not commence until the immediately preceding call has finished

2.2.5. The life-cycle of an object

对象的生命周期：从创建到死亡(persistent & non-persistent objects)

对象的初始化：

a constructor(a kind of method)

associate an object with an identifier

/*  关于Java在方法调用中，传递对象做为参数时的一点东西(by xmin)

在Java中，简单类型的传递是直接传值，而对象做为参数传递时，是先在调用的方法内生成指向同一对象的引用，a->a’。被调用方法使用a’，对a’内的内容的改变也即对a内的内容改变，但对a’本身的改变不会影响到a.*/

2.2.6 Specialization and generalization

       继承(inheritance)的概念

2.2.7. Composition

2.2.8. Object collaboration