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2005-08-22 09:31:00
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chapter 1describing interface configuration
配置接口的时候要确保：
the interface must be plumbed/configured/up/physically connected/have valid routes configured
snoop -V:简要输出
snoop -v:概要输出
/etc/hostname.xxn里xx类型有:le,hme,qfe,eri
改主机名的六个文件:
/etc/nodename,/etc/hostname.xxn,/etc/inet/hosts
/etc/net/ticlts/hosts,/etc/net/ticots/hosts,/etc/net/ticotsord/hosts
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chapter 2 describing the client-server model
inetd在每台系统上执行服务器启动进程,在系统启动时候不自动执行.如果没有配置文件,那么inetd进程使用默认的/etc/inet/inetd.conf文件
/etc/inet/inetd.conf文件中endpoint-type(终端点类型)包括stream,sgram,raw,seqpacket,tli字段
/etc/inet/inetd.conf文件中wait-status(等待状态)中,wait和UDP联系,nowait和TCP联系
众所周知的端口存放在文件/etc/inet/services中
执行rpcinfo -d命令的格式是:
rpcinfo -d prognum versnum
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chapter 3 customizing the solaris management console
# /etc/init.d/init.wbem status
# /etc/init.d/init.wbem start
# smc
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chapter 4 managing swap configuration
swapfs文件系统提供虚拟交换空间地址
可以用pagesize命令来展示内存页面的容量,默认的容量是8192bytes
swap -s
removing swap slices的步骤:
1,# swap -d /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s3
2,在/etc/vfstab文件里面删除相应条目
removing swap files的步骤:
1,# swap -d /export/data/swapfile
2,# rm /export/data/swapfile
3,从/etc/vfstab文件里面删除相应条目
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chapter 5 managing crash dumps and core files
操作系统产生严重问题,就生成一个crash dump文件,系统进程产生严重问题,就生成一个core文件
内核产生问题的时候,savecore命令自动运行并从dump device里面读出crash dump并写到文件系统的两个文件:
/var/crash/nodename/vmcore.X,/var/crash/nodename/unix.X
当一个core文件生成,操作系统自动生成core文件的两个拷贝,一个叫做global core file,一个叫做per-process core filev.前者只有root用户才能够察看,后者只有进程拥有者本身才能够察看
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chapter 6 configuring NFS
/etc/dfs/dfstab:列出了在系统启动时共享的本地资源
/etc/dfs/sharetab:列出了当前正在被NFS服务器共享的本地资源
NFS server daemons:mountd,nfsd,statd,lockd,nfslogd
当系统运行在S,0,1,2级别的时候,执行/etc/rcS,0,1,2.d/K28nfs.server脚本来关闭NFS服务
不带参数的share命令列出当前被共享的文件资源:
# share
- /export/sys44_data ro " "
statd,lockd进程在NFS服务器和客户端上同时运行,当系统处于等级2的时候
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chapter 7 configuring AutoFS
auto_master映射的语法结构是:
mount point map name mount options(nobrouse选项是指定的)
在auto_master前面的那个加号代表在读取其他的映射文件之前首先察看NIS,NIS+,LDAP数据库
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chapter 8 describing RAID and the solaris volume manager software
RAID-0:concatenation and stripe
RAID-1:mirror
RAID-5:striping with distributed parity
不能将现有的文件系统直接转换成stripe,必须首先备份现有文件系统,然后创建stripe,然后将文件系统恢复成stripe
要求所有的子镜像都有相同的大小,否则镜像的能力会因为最小的子镜像大小而受到限制
mirror configuration guidelines:
1,keep the slices of different submirrors on different disks and on different controllers for the best data protection
2,use the same type of disks and controllers in a single mirror
3,use submirrors of the same size to reduce unused disk space
4,mount the mirror device directly. do not try and mount a submirror directly,unless it is offline and mounted as read-only.Do not mount a slice that is part of a submirror, or you might destroy data and crash the system
5,mirroring improves read performance,but reduces write performance
6,experiment with the mirror read policies to improve performance
7,in some cases, the geomitric read option improves performance by minizing head motion and access time
8,use the swap -l command to check for all swap devices
9,use only similary configured submirrors within a mirror
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chapter 14 using name services
secondary server:slaves or replicas(当master server忙不过来的时候,就启动第二主机来处理)
DNS关注的是主机名和IP地址的转换
NIS关注信息集中管理的方便性
用ypwhich -m命令可以查看NIS中所有maps的配置情况
you can not directly connect an NIS domain to the internet by using just NIS. However,organizations that want to use NIS and also want to be connected to the internet can combine NIS with DNS
a common way to force the nscd daemon to update its cache is to stop and start the daemon
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chapter 15 configuring name service clients
一个LDAP客户端必须和LDAP服务器建立一个会话状态,这个认证的过程叫做binding
ldapclient命令在/var/ldap目录下创建了两个文件:
ldap_client_cred,ldap_client_file
这两个文件里面包括当一个LDAP客户端访问LDAP数据库的时候所需要的信息
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chapter 16 configuring the network information service(NIS)
NIS映射(maps)被放置在目录/var/yp/domainname下
如果对/var/yp/securenets文件做了任何修改,必须先杀死然后再启动ypserv和ypxfrd进程
# /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypstop
# /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypstart
/var/yp/securenets文件通过输入一些固定的IP地址来允许它们访问,其他IP地址均不能对NIS信息进行访问
passwd.adjunct文件用于对密码进行封装,禁止其他用户通过ypmatch之类的命令来察看密码
配置一个NIS服务器步骤:
1,判断哪台主机将被用作NIS服务器
2,复制/etc/nsswitch.nis到/etc/nsswitch.conf
3,选择一个NIS域名
4,设置域名,例如:
# domainname classroom.Central.Sun.COM
5,创建文件/etc/defaultdomain(defaultdomain是刚创建的域名名称)
6,如果没有的话,创建文件/etc/ethers,/etc/bootparams,/etc/locale,/etc/timezone,/etc/netgroup,/etc/netmasks
7,在/var/yp目录下安装更新后的Makefile文件
8,创建/etc/locale文件,并添加如下类似信息:
domainname locale
9,用ypinit -m命令初始化NIS服务器
10,启动NIS进程:/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypstart
the NIS makefile file is located in the /var/yp directory and is composed of four main sections:
the first section contains macro definitions
the second section contains the first target, all
the third section defines the final target and dependencies
the fourth section contains entries for each of the dependencies
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chapter 18 performing a flash installation
the recommended system specifications for a flash installation are:
1,a SPARC system for the clone and UltraSPARC system for the master system
2,the master and the clone must have the same kernel architecture
3,before you create the archive,you must install and configure the master with the exact software,hardware,and peripheral device package that you want to on the clone
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