学习GNU Emacs 3rd 1.10 获得帮助

1.10. Getting Help

1.10. 获得帮助

Emacs has extensive online help, which is discussed further in Chapter 14. You can enter help through the lifesaver icon on the toolbar or through the Help menu. Either method will show you a help menu, described later in this section. To enter help using the keyboard, press C-h. Pressing C-h ? gives you a list of options. Pressing C-h t starts a tutorial that is an excellent introduction to Emacs.

    Emacs拥有详细的联机帮助，在第14章会有更详细的介绍。可以按工具栏的救生圈图标或者帮助菜单来显示帮助菜单，在本节的后面会介绍他们。用键盘获取帮助，请按C-h。按"C-h ?"显示帮助选项列表。

To get information about the meaning of a keystroke combination, press C-h k for describe-key. For example, if you type C-h k C-x i, Emacs displays a description of the insert-file command, which is bound to C-x i. Pressing C-h f (for describe-function) asks Emacs to describe a function (really just a command name, such as find-file). Essentially, C-h k and C-h f give you the same information; the difference is that with C-h k, you press a key whereas with C-h f, you type a command name.

    要获得快捷键的信息，按C-h k。例如：按C-h k C-x i, Emacs 显示插入文件指令(快捷键：C-x i)的描述信息.按C-h f (函数描述信息)让Emacs显示函数的描述信息（只是一个命令名称，如find-file).本质上，C-h k和C-h f显示相同的信息；不同的是使用C-h k,你需要按快捷键，而用C-h f时，你需要输入指令名称。

Assume you want to find out about what C-x i does.

假设你想知道C-x i是干什么用的。

Type: C-h k

输入：C-h k

Asking for help about a keyboard command.

要获取一个键盘指令的帮助。

Type: C-x i

输入：C-x i

Emacs splits the screen to display help.

Emacs分屏显示帮助信息。

A few things to notice: the window is now split into two parts because you're looking at two separate buffers. Each buffer has its own mode line. The lower buffer is the *Help* buffer; it contains the information about the insert-file command. Emacs keeps the cursor in the dickens buffer because there's no good reason for you to edit the *Help* buffer.

    需要注意的是：因为在查看不同的缓冲区，窗口被分成两个区域。每个缓冲区者有其自己的模式行。下部是帮助缓冲区，显示插入文件指令的描述信息。光标还停留在“狄更斯”缓冲区，因为你没有理由来编辑“Help”缓冲区。

You might also notice that in the text describing this command, Emacs calls the cursor point. This term is used throughout Emacs to refer to the cursor; you're bound to encounter it.

    你或许注意到这个指令的描述文档中，Emacs将光标称为point.贯穿Emacs始终都是这样称呼光标的，你肯定会遇到的。

To make the *Help* buffer disappear, press C-x 1 (we cover this command in Chapter 4).

    要关闭 *Help* 缓冲区，按C-x 1（我们在第四章介绍）

1.10.1 The Help Menu

1.10.1 帮助菜单

You can also use the Help menu to access help commands quickly, and you can get there either through the menu or through the lifesaver on the toolbar. On this menu, you find options we've discussed here: Emacs Tutorial, Describe Describe Key, and Describe Describe Function. It includes a host of interesting options, including access to the Emacs frequently asked questions (FAQ) file, a new search feature, and even an Emacs psychiatrist (you might tell it something like "Emacs is driving me over the edge today"). There's an interface to Info, Emacs's online documentation. Simply choose Read the Emacs Manual to start Info.

    可以通过帮助菜单快速访问指令的帮助，菜单栏的帮助按钮或者工具栏的救生圈图标都可以打开帮助菜单。在帮助菜单里，可以找到我们刚才讨论的选项：Emacs快速指南，Describe里的按键帮助（Describe Key），以及Describe里的功能帮助（Describe Function）。菜单中还包含很多有趣的选项包括访问Emacs 常见问题（FAQ）文档，一个新的查询功能，以及一个Emacs的精神病医生（你或许可以这样告诉它：Emacs今天让我很抓狂）。Emacs有一个接口Info--Emacs的在线帮助文档。选择阅读Emacs帮助手册就可以启动Info。

In this section, we've given a very brief introduction to a few of the paths you can take in the help system. There are many more help facilities; they are described thoroughly in Chapter 14. The help features we've described here should be enough to get you started; if you want to learn more, jump ahead to Chapter 14.

    这节，我们简要介绍了可以获得帮助的方式。还有更多的帮助功能在第14章有详细的介绍。我们介绍的帮助功能已经足够你开始使用Emacs了，如果你想了解更多内容，可以直接跳到第14章。