用户态与内核态交互通信的方法不止一种,sockopt是比较方便的一个,写法也简单.
缺点就是使用 copy_from_user()/copy_to_user()完成内核和用户的通信, 效率其实不高, 多用在传递控制 选项 信息,不适合做大量的数据传输
用户态函数:
发送:int setsockopt ( int sockfd, int proto, int cmd, void *data, int datelen);
接收:int getsockopt(int sockfd, int proto, int cmd, void *data, int datalen)
第一个参数是socket描述符;
第二个参数proto是sock协议,IP RAW的就用SOL_SOCKET/SOL_IP等,TCP/UDP socket的可用SOL_SOCKET/SOL_IP/SOL_TCP/SOL_UDP等,即高层的socket是都可以使用低层socket的命令字 的,IPPROTO_IP;
第三个参数cmd是操作命令字,由自己定义;
第四个参数是数据缓冲区起始位置指针,set操作时是将缓冲区数据写入内核,get的时候是将内核中的数 据读入该缓冲区;
第五个参数数据长度
内核态函数
注册:nf_register_sockopt(struct nf_sockopt_ops *sockops)
解除:nf_unregister_sockopt(struct nf_sockopt_ops *sockops)
结构体 nf_sockopt_ops test_sockops
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static struct nf_sockopt_ops nso = {
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.pf = PF_INET,
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.set_optmin = 常数,
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.set_optmax = 常数+N,
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.set = recv_msg,
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.get_optmin = 常数,
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.get_optmax = 常数+N,
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.get = send_msg,
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};
其中命令字不能和内核已有的重复,宜大不宜小。命令字很重要,是用来做标识符的。而且用户态和内核态要定义的相同,
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#define SOCKET_OPS_BASE 128
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#define SOCKET_OPS_SET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_GET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_MAX (SOCKET_OPS_BASE + 1)
set/get处理函数是直接由用户空间的 set/getsockopt函数调用的。 setsockopt函数向内核写数据,用getsockopt向内核读数据。
另外set和get的处理函数的参数应该是这样的
int recv_msg(struct sock *sk, int cmd, void __user *user, unsigned int len)
int send_msg(struct sock *sk, int cmd, void __user *user, unsigned int *len)
附上我修改网友的程序
内核态的module.c
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#define SOCKET_OPS_BASE 128
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#define SOCKET_OPS_SET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_GET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_MAX (SOCKET_OPS_BASE + 1)
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#define KMSG "--------kernel---------"
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#define KMSG_LEN sizeof("--------kernel---------")
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MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
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MODULE_AUTHOR("SiasJack");
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MODULE_DESCRIPTION("sockopt module,simple module");
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MODULE_VERSION("1.0");
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static int recv_msg(struct sock *sk, int cmd, void __user *user, unsigned int len)
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{
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int ret = 0;
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printk(KERN_INFO "sockopt: recv_msg()\n");
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if (cmd == SOCKET_OPS_SET)
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{
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char umsg[64];
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int len = sizeof(char)*64;
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memset(umsg, 0, len);
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ret = copy_from_user(umsg, user, len);
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printk("recv_msg: umsg = %s. ret = %d\n", umsg, ret);
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int send_msg(struct sock *sk, int cmd, void __user *user, int *len)
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{
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int ret = 0;
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printk(KERN_INFO "sockopt: send_msg()\n");
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if (cmd == SOCKET_OPS_GET)
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{
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ret = copy_to_user(user, KMSG, KMSG_LEN);
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printk("send_msg: umsg = %s. ret = %d. success\n", KMSG, ret);
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static struct nf_sockopt_ops test_sockops =
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{
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.pf = PF_INET,
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.set_optmin = SOCKET_OPS_SET,
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.set_optmax = SOCKET_OPS_MAX,
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.set = recv_msg,
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.get_optmin = SOCKET_OPS_GET,
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.get_optmax = SOCKET_OPS_MAX,
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.get = send_msg,
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.owner = THIS_MODULE,
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};
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static int __init init_sockopt(void)
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{
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printk(KERN_INFO "sockopt: init_sockopt()\n");
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return nf_register_sockopt(&test_sockops);
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}
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static void __exit exit_sockopt(void)
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{
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printk(KERN_INFO "sockopt: fini_sockopt()\n");
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nf_unregister_sockopt(&test_sockops);
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}
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module_init(init_sockopt);
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module_exit(exit_sockopt);
用户态的user.c
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#include
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#define SOCKET_OPS_BASE 128
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#define SOCKET_OPS_SET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_GET (SOCKET_OPS_BASE)
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#define SOCKET_OPS_MAX (SOCKET_OPS_BASE + 1)
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#define UMSG "----------user------------"
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#define UMSG_LEN sizeof("----------user------------")
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char kmsg[64];
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int main(void)
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{
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int sockfd;
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int len;
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int ret;
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sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
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if(sockfd < 0)
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{
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printf("can not create a socket\n");
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return -1;
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}
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ret = setsockopt(sockfd, IPPROTO_IP, SOCKET_OPS_SET, UMSG, UMSG_LEN);
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printf("setsockopt: ret = %d. msg = %s\n", ret, UMSG);
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len = sizeof(char)*64;
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ret = getsockopt(sockfd, IPPROTO_IP, SOCKET_OPS_GET, kmsg, &len);
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printf("getsockopt: ret = %d. msg = %s\n", ret, kmsg);
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if (ret != 0)
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{
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printf("getsockopt error: errno = %d, errstr = %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
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}
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close(sockfd);
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return 0;
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}
Makefile----系统不同命令可能不同,我的fedora 12
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TARGET = socketopt
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OBJS = module.o
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MDIR = drivers/misc
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EXTRA_CFLAGS = -DEXPORT_SYMTAB
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CURRENT = $(shell uname -r)
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KDIR = /lib/modules/$(CURRENT)/build
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PWD = $(shell pwd)
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DEST = /lib/modules/$(CURRENT)/kernel/$(MDIR)
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obj-m := $(TARGET).o
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$(TARGET)-objs :=$(OBJS)
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default:
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make -C $(KDIR) SUBDIRS=$(PWD) modules
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gcc -o user user.c
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$(TARGET).o: $(OBJS)
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$(LD) $(LD_RFLAG) -r -o $@ $(OBJS)
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insmod:
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insmod $(TARGET).ko
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rmmod:
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rmmod $(TARGET).ko
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clean:
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-rm -rf *.o *.ko .$(TARGET).ko.cmd .*.flags *.mod.c modules.order Module.symvers .tmp_versions
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-rm -rf protocol/*.o protocol/.*.o.cmd *.markers
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-rm -rf user
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-include $(KDIR)/Rules.make
运行的结果
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[root@root socket]# make
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make -C /lib/modules/2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE/build SUBDIRS=/root/study/c_study/socket modules
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make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE'
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CC [M] /root/study/c_study/socket/module.o
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LD [M] /root/study/c_study/socket/socketopt.o
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Building modules, stage 2.
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MODPOST 1 modules
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CC /root/study/c_study/socket/socketopt.mod.o
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LD [M] /root/study/c_study/socket/socketopt.ko
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make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE'
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gcc -o user user.c
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[root@root socket]#
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[root@root socket]# make insmod
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insmod socketopt.ko
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[root@root socket]#
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[root@root socket]# lsmod
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Module Size Used by
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socketopt 1968 0
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sunrpc 158388 1
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[root@root socket]# dmesg -c
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[root@root socket]# ./user
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setsockopt: ret = 0. msg = ----------user------------
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getsockopt: ret = 0. msg = --------kernel---------
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[root@root socket]# dmesg
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sockopt: recv_msg()
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recv_msg: umsg = ----------user------------. ret = 0
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sockopt: send_msg()
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send_msg: umsg = --------kernel---------. ret = 0. success
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