分类： Java
2015-07-23 10:28:17
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_company`; CREATE TABLE `t_company` ( `companyId` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `companyName` varchar(30) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`companyId`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312; INSERT INTO `t_company` VALUES ('1', 'Sun'); INSERT INTO `t_company` VALUES ('2', 'Apache');
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_employee`; CREATE TABLE `t_employee` ( `employeeId` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `employeeName` varchar(15) NOT NULL, `cid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`employeeId`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312; INSERT INTO `t_employee` VALUES ('1', 'Tom', '1'); INSERT INTO `t_employee` VALUES ('2', 'Summ', '1'); INSERT INTO `t_employee` VALUES ('3', 'Cat', '2'); INSERT INTO `t_employee` VALUES ('4', 'Vinylon', '1'); INSERT INTO `t_employee` VALUES ('5', 'Dog', '2');
Employee.java
Company.java
package com.fancy.po;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* -----------------------------------------
* @文件: Employee.java
* @作者: fancy
* @邮箱: fancyzero@yeah.net
* @时间: 2012-6-10
* @描述: 实体类
* -----------------------------------------
*/
/**
* 下面只说@ManyToOne,如需了解其他注解,
* 可以参考上一篇：http://www.cnblogs.com/fancyzero/archive/2012/06/10/hibernate-one-to-one-annotation.html
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_employee")
public class Employee {
private Integer employeeId;
private String employeeName;
private Company company;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
public Integer getEmployeeId() {
return employeeId;
}
/**
* @ManyToOne：多对一,cascade：级联,请参考上一篇
* fetch = FetchType.LAZY,延迟加载策略,如果不想延迟加载可以用FetchType.EAGER
*/
@ManyToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.REFRESH},fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "cid")
public Company getCompany() {
return company;
}
public String getEmployeeName() {
return employeeName;
}
public void setEmployeeId(Integer employeeId) {
this.employeeId = employeeId;
}
public void setEmployeeName(String employeeName) {
this.employeeName = employeeName;
}
public void setCompany(Company company) {
this.company = company;
}
}
一、一对多（@OneToMany）
1、单向一对多模型
假设通过一个客户实体可以获得多个地址信息。
对于一对多的实体关系而言，表结构有两种设计策略，分别是外键关联和表关联。
(1) 映射策略---外键关联
在数据库中表customer和表结构address定义，如下：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
create table customer (
id int(20) not null auto_increment,
name varchar(100),
primary key(id)
)
create table address (
id int(20) not null auto_increment,
province varchar(50),
city varchar(50),
postcode varchar(50),
detail varchar(50),
customer_id int(20),
primary key (id)
)
|
注意此时外键定义在多的一方，也就是address表中。
此时，表customer映射为实体CustomerEO，代码如下：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
@Entity
@Table(name="customer")
public class CustomerEO implements java.io.Serializable {
@OneToMany(cascade={ CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinColumn(name="customer_id")
private Collection
...
}
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
@Target({METHOD, FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface OneToMany {
Class targetEntity() default void.class;
CascadeType[] cascade() default {};
FetchType fetch() default LAZY;
String mappedBy() default "";
}
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
--客户地址关系表
create table ref_customer_address (
customer_id int(20) not null,
address_id int(20) not null unique
)
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
public class CustomerEO implements java.io.Serializable {
...
@OneToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(name="ref_customer_address",
joinColumns={ @JoinColumn(name="customer_id",referencedColumnName="id")},
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="address_id",referencedColumnName="id")})
private Collection
...
}
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
@Target({METHOD,FIELD})
public @interface JoinTable {
String name() default "";
String catalog() default "";
String schema() default "";
JoinColumn[] joinColumns() default {};
JoinColumn[] inverseJoinColumns() default {};
UniqueConstraint[] uniqueConstraints default {};
}
|
其中：
a、该标记和@Table相似，用于标注用于关联的表。
b、name属性为连接两张表的表名。默认的表名为：“表名1”+“-”+“表名2”，上面例子默认的表名为customer_address。
c、joinColumns属性表示，在保存关系中的表中，所保存关联的外键字段。
d、inverseJoinColumns属性与joinColumns属性类似，不过它保存的是保存关系的另一个外键字段。
(3) 默认关联
在数据库底层为两张表添加约束，如下：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
create table customer_address (
customer_id int(20) not null,
address_id int(20) not null unique
)
alter table customer_address add constraint fk_ref_customer foreign key (customer_id) references customer (id);
alter table customer_address add constraint fk_ref_address foreign key (address_id) references address (id);
|
二、多对一@ManyToOne
1、单向多对一模型。
(1) 外键关联
配置AddressEO实体如下：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
@Entity
@Table(name="address")
public class AddressEO implements java.io.Serializable {
@ManyToOne(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinColumn(name="customer_id")
private CustomerEO customer;
// ...
}
|
@ManyToOne定义如下：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
@Target({METHOD,FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface ManyToOne {
Class targetEntity() default void.class;
CascadeType[] cascade() default {};
FetchType fatch() default EAGER;
boolean optional() default true;
}
|
(2) 默认关联
数据库脚本定义的相关字段的约束，创建外键后，直接使用@ManyToOne
三、高级一对多和多对一映射
即双向关联模型，确定了双向关联后，多的一方AddressEO不变使用@ManyToOne,而CustomerEO实体修改为：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
@Entity
@Table(name="customer")
public class CustomerEO {
@OneToMany(mappedBy="customer")
private Collection
// ...
}
|