背景介绍:
目前项目在美国东西部以及欧洲都有服务器节点,跨互联网的数据传输速度很不稳定,之前我们主要是通过SCP以及Rsync等方式进行数据传输的。
无意间发现了BBCP这个软件之后,经过测试,效果非常好,速度提升效果很明显,并且传输速度一直比较稳定,同时支持日志以及失败后重试等参数,非常不错。
参考资料:
安装配置(可以根据自己的服务器情况选择性下载对应的文件):
[heydevops@east-server1 ~]$ sudo wget ~abh/bbcp/bin/amd64_rhel60/bbcp -O /usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@east-server1 ~]$ sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@west-server1 ~]$ sudo wget ~abh/bbcp/bin/amd64_rhel60/bbcp -O /usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@west-server1 ~]$ sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@east-server1 ~]$ which bbcp
/usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@east-server1 ~]$ ssh west-server1 which bbcp
/usr/bin/bbcp
[heydevops@east-server1 ~]$ cd heydevops
[heydevops@east-server1 heydevops]$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/heydevops/heydevops/file.2g bs=1024M count=2
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2+0 records in
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2+0 records out
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2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 45.9129 s, 46.8 MB/s
[heydevops@east-server1 heydevops]$ ls -lh
total 2.0G
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.0G Mar 4 06:40 file.2g
[heydevops@east-server1 heydevops]$ time bbcp -r -P 2 -V -w 8m -s 16 file.2g west-server1:/home/heydevops/heydevops/
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bbcp: Window size reduced to 245760 bytes.
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bbcp: Indexing files to be copied...
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bbcp: Copying 0 files in 0 directories.
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Source east-server1.heylinux.com using initial send window of 18700
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Target west-server1.heylinux.com using initial recv window of 87380
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bbcp: Creating /home/heydevops/heydevops/file.2g
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bbcp: 140304 06:46:12 0% done; 8.5 MB/s, avg 8.5 MB/s
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bbcp: 140304 06:46:14 1% done; 6.9 MB/s, avg 7.5 MB/s
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...
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bbcp: 140304 06:51:46 99% done; 7.7 MB/s, avg 6.1 MB/s
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bbcp: 140304 06:51:48 99% done; 3.3 MB/s, avg 6.1 MB/s
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Source cpu=3.643 (sys=3.552 usr=0.091).
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File /home/heydevops/heydevops/file.2g created; 2147483648 bytes at 6.0 MB/s
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48 buffers used with 0 reorders; peaking at 0.
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Source east-server1.heylinux.com using a final send window of 433840
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Target cpu=15.149 (sys=14.505 usr=0.644).
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Target west-server1.heylinux.com using a final recv window of 2298624
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1 file copied at effectively 6.0 MB/s
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real 5m42.236s
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user 0m0.104s
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sys 0m3.567s
[heydevops@east-server1 heydevops]$ time scp file.2g west-server1:/home/heydevops/heydevops/
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file.2g 100% 2048MB 2.1MB/s 16:06
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real 16m8.448s
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user 0m43.497s
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sys 0m7.548s
结论:
在上面的测试中,传输一个大小为2G的文件,使用BBCP耗时仅5分钟,而普通的SCP则耗时16分钟,速度提升超过60%。
更进一步的测试报告可以在这里看到:
最近更新:
目前,我们在线上正式使用BBCP已经有一个月了,效果不错,下面,将我们用到的参数分享给大家:
[dong.guo@heydevops ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/dong.guo/file.16m bs=1M count=16
[dong.guo@heydevops ~]$ pwd
[dong.guo@heydevops ~]$ ls -lh file.16m
total 2.0G
-rw-r--r-- 1 dong.guo adm 16M May 5 12:08 file.16m
[dong.guo@heydevops ~]$ bbcp -k -a /tmp/bbcp_checkpoint -r -P 2 -V -f -w 9m -s 16 -T "ssh -x -a -p 2222 -oFallBackToRsh=no -i /home/dong.guo/.ssh/id_rsa -l heydevops heylinux.com /usr/bin/bbcp" file.16m heydevops@heylinux.com:/tmp/
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Warning: the RSA host key for '[heylinux.com]:2222' differs from the key for the IP address '[54.238.131.140]:2222'
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Offending key for IP in /home/dong.guo/.ssh/known_hosts:517
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Matching host key in /home/dong.guo/.ssh/known_hosts:528
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bbcp: Sink I/O buffers (147456K) > 25% of available free memory (40988K); copy may be slow
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bbcp: Window size reduced to 245760 bytes.
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bbcp: Indexing files to be copied...
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bbcp: Copying 0 files in 0 directories.
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Source heydevops using initial send window of 19800
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Target ec2-tokyo.localdomain using initial recv window of 87380
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bbcp: Appending to /tmp/file.16m at offset 0
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11 bbcp: 140505 12:11:30 28% done; 4.0 MB/s, avg 4.0 MB/s
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bbcp: 140505 12:11:32 30% done; 148.0 KB/s, avg 1.6 MB/s
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Source cpu=0.239 (sys=0.233 usr=0.006).
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File /tmp/file.16m created; 16777216 bytes at 3.3 MB/s
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288 buffers used with 33 reorders; peaking at 21.
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Target cpu=0.303 (sys=0.291 usr=0.012).
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Target ec2-tokyo.localdomain using a final recv window of 502864
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Source heydevops using a final send window of 71280
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1 file copied at effectively 1.5 MB/s
参数详解:
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01 -k 保留所有未传输完成的文件,并允许在重试时进行覆盖
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02 -a 保留checkpoint信息用于校验文件的完整性
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03 -r 递归传输指定路径下的所有文件
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04 -P 2 每两秒显示传输的进程
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05 -V 打印调试信息
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06 -f 强制清除远程主机上传输失败的数据
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07 -w 设置Disk (I/O) buffers
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08 算法为(window = netspeed/8*RTT = 1000Mb/8*74ms = 1000/1000/8*74 = 9.25 M)
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09 对应链接:http://www.slac.stanford.edu/~abh/bbcp/#_Toc332986061
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10 -s 16 设置并发数为16
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11 参考官方建议:http://www.slac.stanford.edu/~abh/bbcp/#_Streams_(-s)
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12 -T "ssh -x -a -p 2222 -oFallBackToRsh=no -i /home/dong.guo/.ssh/id_rsa -l heydevops heylinux.com /usr/bin/bbcp"
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13 指定远端主机的认证方式:
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14 采用-p 2222指定端口;
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15 设置-oFallBackToRsh=no减少ssh响应时间;
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16 设置-i /home/dong.guo/.ssh/id_rsa指定SSH Key;
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17 设置-l heydevops指定登陆用户;
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18 heylinux.com为远程主机地址;
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19 /usr/bin/bbcp为远程主机的bbcp路径;
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