ABAP中CALL TRANSACTION三种调用详解

一、语法格式详解

调用CALL TRANSACTION，调用事务码，如果想从调用的事务中返回，可以使用“LEAVE PROGRAM”语句。

调用格式如下：

CALL TRANSACTION TCODE ,参数如下：

1、...AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN

Skips the first screen in the transaction (provided all the required fields have been assigned values by the SPA/GPA process)。

2、...USING ITAB

Calls the Transaction tcod and passes the internal table itab , which contains one or several screens in batch input format.

The return code value is set as follows:

SY-SUBRC = 0 Processing was successful. 
SY-SUBRC <> 0 Transaction ended with an error. 

3、...MODE mode

The specified processing mode can accept the following values:

'A' Display screen 
'E' Display screen only if an error occurs 
'N' No display

If the addition MODE is not specified, the processing mode is set to 'A' .

4、...UPDATE upd

The specified update mode upd defines the update type. This can have one of the following values: 

'A' Asynchronous update 
'S' Synchronous update

If the addition UPDATE is not specified, the processing mode is set to 'A' .

5、...MESSAGES INTO messtab

The specified internal table contains all system messages that occur during CALL TRANSACTION USING ... . The internal table messtab must have the structure BDCMSGCOLL .

二、调用三种方法详解

有三种方法调用事务。分别如下：

1、使用BDC屏幕

先通过事务码 SHDB，记录事务中BDC所对应的程序、屏幕、字段、字段值，如图所示（小图请点击放大）：

代码如下：

DATA : bdcdata LIKE bdcdata OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
             messtab LIKE bdcmsgcoll OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
REFRESH bdcdata.
CLEAR bdcdata.
bdcdata-program = 'SAPLCOIH'.bdcdata-dynpro = '0101'.
bdcdata-dynbegin = 'X'.
APPEND  bdcdata.

CLEAR bdcdata.
bdcdata-fnam = 'BDC_CURSOR'.bdcdata-fval = 'CAUFVD-AUFNR'.
APPEND bdcdata.
CLEAR bdcdata.
bdcdata-fnam = 'BDC_OKCODE'.bdcdata-fval = '/00'.
APPEND bdcdata.
CLEAR bdcdata.
bdcdata-fnam = 'CAUFVD-AUFNR'.bdcdata-fval = '300000001066'.
APPEND bdcdata.

CALL TRANSACTION 'IW32' USING bdcdata MODE 'E' MESSAGES INTO messtab.

2、使用PARAMETERS，个人认为这种方式最简单。代码如下：

SET PARAMETER ID 'ANR' FIELD '300000001066'.
CALL TRANSACTION 'IW32' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.

其中ID可以通过F1，“参数ID”找到，如图：

3、使用MEMORY

DATA para TYPE caufvd.
para-aufnr = '300000001066'.
EXPORT para TO MEMORY ID 'IWO'.
CALL TRANSACTION 'IW32' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.

由于对于事务中MEMORY ID不能找到，因此不推荐这种方法，如果有朋友知道的话，请您告诉我，万分感谢。