看到下图,是通过Jqgrid实现表格数据的基本增删查改的操作。表格数据增删改是一般企业应用系统开发的常见功能,不过不同的是这个表格数据来源是非关系型的数据库MongoDB。nosql虽然概念新颖,但是MongoDB基本应用实现起来还是比较轻松的,甚至代码比基本的ADO.net访问关系数据源还要简洁。由于其本身的“非关系”的数据存储方式,使得对象关系映射这个环节对于MongoDB来讲显得毫无意义,因此我们也不会对MongoDB引入所谓的“ORM”框架。
下面我们将逐步讲解怎么在MVC模式下将MongoDB数据读取,并展示在前台Jqgrid表格上。这个“简易系统”的基本设计思想是这样的:我们在视图层展示表格,Jqgrid相关Js逻辑全部放在一个Js文件中,控制层实现了“增删查改”四个业务,MongoDB的基本数据访问放在了模型层实现。下面我们一步步实现。
1. 实现视图层Jqgrid表格逻辑
首先,我们新建一个MVC空白项目,添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代码,
然后在Views的Home文件夹下新建视图“Index.aspx”,在视图的body标签中添加如下HTML代码:
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<div>
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<table id="table1">
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</table>
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<div id="div1">
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</div>
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</div>
接着新建Scripts\Home文件夹,在该目录新建“Index.js”文件,并再视图中引用,代码如下:
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jQuery(document).ready(function () {
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//jqGrid初始化
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jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({
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url: '/Home/UserList',
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datatype: 'json',
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mtype: 'POST',
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colNames: ['登录名', '姓名', '年龄', '手机号', '邮箱地址', '操作'],
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colModel: [
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{ name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true },
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{ name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true },
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{ name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true },
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{ name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true },
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{ name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true },
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{ name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' }
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],
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pager: '#div1',
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postData: {},
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rowNum: 5,
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rowList: [5, 10, 20],
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sortable: true,
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caption: '用户信息管理',
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hidegrid: false,
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rownumbers: true,
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viewrecords: true
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}).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false })
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.navButtonAdd('#div1', {
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caption: "编辑",
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buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
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onClickButton: function () {
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var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
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if (id == null) {
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alert("请选择行!");
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return;
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}
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if (id == "newId") return;
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$("#table1").editRow(id);
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$("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly");
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$("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "");
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}
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}).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
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caption: "删除",
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buttonicon: "ui-icon-del",
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onClickButton: function () {
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var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
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if (id == null) {
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alert("请选择行!");
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return;
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}
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Delete(id);
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}
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}).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
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caption: "新增",
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buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
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onClickButton: function () {
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$("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1);
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$("#table1").editRow("newId");
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$("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "");
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}
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});
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});
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//取消编辑状态
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function Cancel(id) {
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if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId");
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else $("#table1").restoreRow(id);
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}
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//向后台ajax请求新增数据
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function Add() {
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var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val();
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var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val();
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var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val();
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var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val();
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var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val();
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$.ajax({
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type: "POST",
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url: "/Home/Add",
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data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
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success: function (msg) {
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alert("新增数据: " + msg);
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$("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
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}
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});
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}
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//向后台ajax请求更新数据
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function Update(id) {
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var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val();
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var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val();
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var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val();
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var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val();
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var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val();
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$.ajax({
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type: "POST",
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url: "/Home/Update",
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data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
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success: function (msg) {
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alert("修改数据: " + msg);
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$("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
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}
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});
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}
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//向后台ajax请求删除数据
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function Delete(id) {
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var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId");
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$.ajax({
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type: "POST",
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url: "/Home/Delete",
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data: "UserId=" + UserId,
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success: function (msg) {
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alert("删除数据: " + msg);
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$("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
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}
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});
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}
2. 实现控制层业务
在Controllers目录下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”,Index.js中产生了四个ajax请求,对应控制层也有四个业务方法。HomeController代码如下:
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public class HomeController : Controller
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{
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UserModel userModel = new UserModel();
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public ActionResult Index()
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{
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return View();
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}
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///
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/// 获取全部用户列表,通过json将数据提供给jqGrid
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///
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public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page)
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{
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var list = userModel.FindAll();
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int i = 0;
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var query = from u in list
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select new
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{
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id = i++,
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cell = new string[]{
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u["UserId"].ToString(),
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u["UserName"].ToString(),
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u["Age"].ToString(),
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u["Tel"].ToString(),
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u["Email"].ToString(),
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"-"
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}
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};
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var data = new
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{
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total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1,
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page = Convert.ToInt32(page),
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records = query.Count(),
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rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows))
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};
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return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
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}
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///
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/// 响应Js的“Add”ajax请求,执行添加用户操作
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///
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public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
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{
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Document doc = new Document();
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doc["UserId"] = UserId;
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doc["UserName"] = UserName;
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doc["Age"] = Age;
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doc["Tel"] = Tel;
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doc["Email"] = Email;
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try
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{
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userModel.Add(doc);
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return Content("添加成功");
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}
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catch
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{
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return Content("添加失败");
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}
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}
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///
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/// 响应Js的“Delete”ajax请求,执行删除用户操作
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///
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public ContentResult Delete(string UserId)
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{
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try
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{
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userModel.Delete(UserId);
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return Content("删除成功");
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}
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catch
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{
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return Content("删除失败");
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}
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}
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///
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/// 响应Js的“Update”ajax请求,执行更新用户操作
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///
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public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
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{
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Document doc = new Document();
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doc["UserId"] = UserId;
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doc["UserName"] = UserName;
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doc["Age"] = Age;
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doc["Tel"] = Tel;
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doc["Email"] = Email;
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try
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{
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userModel.Update(doc);
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return Content("修改成功");
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}
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catch
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{
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return Content("修改失败");
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}
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}
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}
3. 实现模型层数据访问
最后,我们在Models新建一个Home文件夹,添加模型“UserModel.cs”,实现MongoDB数据库访问代码如下:
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public class UserModel
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{
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//链接字符串(此处三个字段值根据需要可为读配置文件)
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public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost";
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//数据库名
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public string databaseName = "myDatabase";
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//集合名
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public string collectionName = "userCollection";
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private Mongo mongo;
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private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase;
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private MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection;
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public UserModel()
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{
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mongo = new Mongo(connectionString);
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mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase;
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mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection<Document>(collectionName) as MongoCollection<Document>;
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mongo.Connect();
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}
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~UserModel()
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{
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mongo.Disconnect();
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}
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///
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/// 增加一条用户记录
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///
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///
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public void Add(Document doc)
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{
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mongoCollection.Insert(doc);
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}
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///
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/// 删除一条用户记录
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///
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public void Delete(string UserId)
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{
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mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } });
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}
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///
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/// 更新一条用户记录
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///
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///
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public void Update(Document doc)
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{
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mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } });
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}
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///
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/// 查找所有用户记录
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///
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///
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public IEnumerable<Document> FindAll()
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{
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return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents;
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}
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}
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