Nginx+Keepalived主备负载均衡学习笔记

实验环境及软件版本：

CentOS版本：    6.6(2.6.32.-504.el6.x86_64)

nginx版本：     nginx-1.6.2

keepalived版本：keepalived-1.2.7

准备工作：

关闭防火墙：service iptables stop

            chkconfig iptables off

关闭selinux: sed -i 's/SELINUX=disabled/SELINUX=enforcing/g' /etc/selinux/config

             init 6 重启系统一定要！

1.准备安装依赖包:

yum -y install pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ popt-devel

安装keepalived出现configure: error: Popt libraries is required

解决方法:yum -y install popt-devel

2.下载安装包

wget

wget

3.安装NginX

tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.6.2

./configure

make && make install

4.安装keepalived

tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.7

./configure

make 

make install

cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived

cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

5.加入开机自启动服务

方法一

echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local

echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local

方法二

[root@nginx keepalived-1.2.7]# cat >>/etc/rc.local<

> /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

> /etc/init.d/keepalived start

> EOF

[root@nginx keepalived-1.2.7]# cat /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

6.配置

  6.1 配置nginx

      两台接入服务器的nginx的配置完全一样,主要配置/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的http.其中多域名指向是通过虚拟主机(配置http下面的server)实现;同一域名的不同虚拟目录通过每

  个server下面的不同location实现.

  http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$re

quest" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;

     keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream myserver{

      server 192.168.0.110:80  max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;

      server 192.168.0.111:80  max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;

      ip_hash;

    }

     server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  192.168.0.150;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {

            root /var/www/html;

            index index.php index.htm index.html;

            proxy_redirect off;

            proxy_set_header Host $host;

            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

            proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 error timeo

ut invalid_header;

            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;

            proxy_pass  

        }

}

  6.2 配置keepalived

      按照上面的安装方法,keepalived的配置文件在/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.主、从服务器的

　配置相关联但有所不同。如下：

　Master:

  ! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     [e-mail]

     [e-mail]

     [e-mail]

   }

   notification_email_from [e-mail]

   smtp_server smtp.etiantian.org

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id nginx_master

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.0.150

        

    }

}

  Backup:

  ! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     [e-mail]

     [e-mail]

     [e-mail]

   }

   notification_email_from [e-mail]

   smtp_server smtp.etiantian.org

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id nginx_backup

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state BACKUP

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 99

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.0.150

        

    }

}

7.验证：

      先后在主、从服务器上启动/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

                              /etc/init.d/keepalived start

      在主服务器上查看是否已经绑定了虚拟IP(VIP):ip addr

      [root@nginx ~]# ip addr

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:af:00:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.0.130/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaf:4e/64 scope link 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

      停止主服务器上的keepalived:/etc/init.d/keepalived stop然后在从服务器上查看是否已经绑

      定了虚拟IP(VIP):

       [root@nginx_back ~]# ip addr

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:21:b6:b1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.0.131/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe21:b6b1/64 scope link 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

      启动主服务器上的keepalived:/etc/init.d/keepalived start,再看看主服务器能否重新接管虚拟IP(VIP)

      [root@nginx ~]# ip addr

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:af:00:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.0.130/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaf:4e/64 scope link 

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever